Jets in Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA and determinations of αs\alpha_s

Several methods to extract the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s$ by means of highly energetic jets in Deep-Inelastic Scattering are presented. The results from the various methods agree with one another and with the world average. The errors are competetive to those achieved in $\alpha_s$ determinations in other processes such as proton--anti-proton scattering.Comment: Proceedings of talk given at Lake Louise Winter Institute 2004, Alberta, Canad

Studying Low-x Dynamics using the Hadronic Final State in DIS at HERA

This article describes different approaches to investigate the behavior of parton evolution in the proton by exploiting various aspects of the hadronic final state produced in Deep Inelastic Scattering Events at HERA.Comment: 3 Pages, 5 Figures. To appear in the proceedings of International Europhysics Conference on High-Energy Physics (HEP 2003), Aachen, Germany, 17-23 Jul 200

Coherent noise source identification in multi channel analysis

The evaluation of coherent noise can provide useful information in the study of detectors. The identification of coherent noise sources is also relevant for uncertainty calculations in analyse where several channels are combined. The study of the covariance matrix give information about coherent noises. Since covariance matrix of high dimension data could be difficult to analyse, the development of analysis tools is needed. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a powerful tool for such analysis. It has been shown that we can use PCA to find coherent noises in ATLAS calorimeter or the CALICE Si-W electromagnetic calorimeter physics prototype. However, if several coherent noise sources are combined, the interpretation of the PCA may become complicated. In this paper, we present another method based on the study of the covariance matrix to identify noise sources. This method has been developed for the study of front end ASICs dedicated to CALICE calorimeters. These calorimeters are designed and studied for experiments at the ILC. We also study the reliability of the method with simulations. Although this method has been developped for a specific application, it can be used for any multi channel analysis.Comment: Public version of the CALICE Internal Note CIN-02

A hundred years of debates on sex differences: developing research for social change

After women secured the right to vote some hundred years ago, the assertions about their innate inferiority gradually began to vanish, giving way to theories about the countless aspects which apparently differentiated them from men. In this paper, we follow the evolution of research on sex differences, starting with the work of the first female psychologists who questioned the theories that justified women’s subordinate positions in society. We trace the main developments of the studies on sex differences, their relationship with social roles, gender stereotypes, and gender identity, and describe the strategies used to highlight the role of society rather than of biology in shaping men and women’s personalities and behaviors. We describe the controversies this area of research gave rise to, the debates over its political implications, and the changes observed over time in women’s social positions and within research perspectives. Finally, we discuss the mutually reinforcing effects of social organization and lay conceptions of gender and reflect on how the field of research on sex differences has contributed to building a fairer society

Desigualdades na divisão do trabalho familiar, sentimento de justiça e processos de comparação social

Os estudos sobre a organização familiar mostram que, apesar do ingresso em massa das mulheres no mercado de trabalho, poucas mudanças ocorreram na divisão do trabalho familiar entre os cônjuges. Assim, as práticas familiares desiguais mantêm-se em sociedades baseadas numa ética igualitarista sem que, paradoxalmente, esse facto suscite um sentimento de injustiça. Esta constatação originou diversas tentativas de explicação, sendo uma delas que as comparações, selectivas, efectuadas pelas mulheres as levam a considerar a divisão desigual do trabalho familiar apropriada. O presente trabalho procura questionar esta explicação e mostrar que a maior parte das comparações entre homens e mulheres levam a avaliar comportamentos semelhantes de forma diferente, na medida em que esses comportamentos são ajustados aos papéis de género tradicionais e, logo, as suas avaliações assentam numa duplicidade de critérios. É proposto que a utilização de critérios idênticos para os julgamentos relativos às competências e aos papéis dos homens e das mulheres é uma condição indispensável para a justiça social.The studies conducted on family organization have shown that, in spite of the mass entry of women into the labour market, there have been only few changes in the way spouses divide the family work. As a result, unequal family practices are maintained in societies based on an egalitarian ethics without, paradoxically, producing a feeling of injustice. This observation has been at the origin of several attempts of explanation, one of those being that the comparisons made by women are selective and lead them to view the unequal division of family work as appropriate. The present paper questions this explanation and attempts to show that most comparisons between men and women lead to evaluate similar behaviours in a different way, because they are adjusted to the traditional gender roles and thus rest on double standards. It defends that using identical criteria for the judgments of men and women’s competences and roles is an indispensable condition to achieve more justice in our society.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Software Tools for ILC Detector Studies

International audienceThis article presents a review on the main issues of the software and computing tools developed ILC Detector related studies. It works out common efforts but also differences among the efforts within the three different regions in which the detector R&D is pursued. It outlines the main features of the software packages and highlights results which were obtained by studies obtained within the frameworks. The grid is constantly evolving to be the computing environment for the studies