Features of optical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol in the Middle Urals

The results of studies into the aerosol optical depth (AOD) for the atmosphere in the Middle Urals in the spectrum range of 0.34-1.02 μm for 2004-2010 is presented. The interannual, annual, seasonal, and daily variations in the AOD are analyzed. The major statistical characteristics of the AOD, the parameters of the probability density function of distributions over different wave lengths, and the parameters of Angstrom's formula for the different seasons are calculated. The monitoring stations in the Russian segment of the AERONET network are ranked with respect to the AOD value. A shift from March to May in the spring maximum of the AOD is revealed in comparison with the results of the actinometric observations for the period of 1960-1986. A qualitative assessment is given to the influence of forest and peat fires in the region on the AOD. A classification of the states of aerosol haze in the atmosphere according to the AOD values is proposed. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Антибактериальная профилактика инфекционных осложнений в практике детского хирурга

The evolution of postoperative wound infections complicates the postoperative period, prolongs the hospitalization and increases the cost of treatment. The most effective way to prevent the development of infection complications in the world is antibacterial prophylaxis. In surgery, that means the injection of an antibiotic immediately before and during twenty-four hours after the surgery. The article presents a characteristic of risk factors for postoperative complications, indications and the basic principles of antibiotic prophylaxis, and recommendations for the selection of antimicrobials, depending on the particular clinical case.Развитие послеоперационных инфекций в ране осложняет течение послеоперационного периода, продлевая сроки госпитализации, увеличивая расходы на лечение пациента. Наиболее эффективным методом предотвращения развития инфекционных осложнений во всем мире признана антибактериальная профилактика. В хирургии это подразумевает введение антибиотика непосредственно перед началом и в течение одних суток после оперативного вмешательства. В статье дана характеристика факторов риска развития послеоперационных осложнений, представлены показания, основные принципы антибиотикопрофилактики, а также рекомендации по выбору антимикробных препаратов в зависимости от конкретного клинического случая

TAIGA -- an advanced hybrid detector complex for astroparticle physics and high energy gamma-ray astronomy

The physical motivations, present status, main results in study of cosmic rays and in the field of gamma-ray astronomy as well future plans of the TAIGA-1 (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy) project are presented. The TAIGA observatory addresses ground-based gamma-ray astronomy and astroparticle physics at energies from a few TeV to several PeV, as well as cosmic ray physics from 100 TeV to several EeV. The pilot TAIGA-1 complex is located in the Tunka valley, ~50 km west from the southern tip of the lake Baikal.Comment: Submission to SciPost Phys. Proc., 10 pages, 2 figure

Heart rate variability in patients with psoriatic arthritis: associations with systemic inflammation and traditional cardiovascular risk factors

Aim. To identify the disturbances of vegetative heart regulation and their associations with systemic inflammation activity in patients with psoriatic arthritic (PsA). Material and methods. The main group (MG) included 32 PsA patients without cardiovascular disease, CVD (mean age 44,62±11,6 years; mean PsA duration 10,32±10,2 years; 52,3% men). The control group (CG) included 25 healthy volunteers (mean age 40,33±11,8 years; 49,1% men). Time and spectral parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) were assessed. PsA activity was assessed by DAS index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen (FG) levels. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was calculated, based on the following parameters: lipid spectr arterial hypertension, body mass index, and family history of CVD. Results. Compared to CG, all HRV parameters were affected in MG patients (p<0,01). HRV parameters were associated with PsA activity (ESR, CRP, FG, enthesitis), as well as with CVD risk factors (dyslipidemia, age). Conclusion. In PsA patients, disturbed vegetative heart regulation was manifested in reduced HRV and activated sympathetic HRV component. These disturbances were associated with traditional CVD risk factors and systemic inflammation activity

Adhesive Intestinal Obstruction as One of the Causes of Emergency Conditiond in Children

Adhesive intestinal obstruction is one of the reasons of emergency conditions in children. The article discusses the problem of sintered ileus (SKN), from causes to treatment. It stresses the urgency of the problem of timely diagnosis SKN consisting of X-ray, ultrasound and endoscopic methods of investigation. Described are several classifications, based on which not only the differentiation of different types of SKN is carried out, but also the tactics of patients. Conservative methods of SKN treatment in children are presented as well as the use of laparoscopy, when conservative therapy is not effective, not only to evaluate the prevalence of adhesions in the abdominal cavity but also to remove the cause of intestinal obstruction

Reconstructive operations at the amputations of the penis of children

<p align="LEFT">In the article the versions of rendering to surgical aid to children with the iatrogenic and traumatic amputations of penis are represented. Are described the surgical methods, with make it possible to attain lengthening the state of sexual term with the simultaneous elimination of the meatal stenosis. The application of a free skin flap for the imitation of head and closing of the trunk of penis is the method of selection with the deficiency of skin coating and considerably improves cosmetic result of operation.</p><em></em