2,632 research outputs found
The cholesterol-hydroxyecdysone-vitellogenin pathway is involved in the longevity of trophocytes and oenocytes of queen honey bees (Apis mellifera)
International audienceAbstractTrophocytes and oenocytes in the abdomen of honey bees do not divide after eclosion; however, trophocytes and oenocytes of queen bees have a longer lifespan and maintain better cellular function than those of worker bees. To explore this phenomenon, we assayed the molecules involved in the cholesterol-hydroxyecdysone-vitellogenin (Vg) pathway in the trophocytes and oenocytes of young and old worker and queen bees. The results showed that Vg and cholesterol levels in hemolymph and cholesterol levels, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) levels, and the messenger RNA levels of cytochrome P450 314A1 20-hydroxylase (Cyp314A1), ecdysone receptor isoform A (EcR-A), ecdysone receptor isoform B1 (EcR-B1), ultraspiracle (USP), ecdysone-induced protein 74 (E74), ecdysone-induced protein 75 (E75), broad-complex (BR-C), Vg, and Vg receptor (VgR) in trophocytes and oenocytes were increased in queen bees compared with worker bees. These findings indicated that queen bees have higher expression of molecules in the cholesterol-hydroxyecdysone-Vg pathway than worker bees
Phenotype-based and Self-learning Inter-individual Sleep Apnea Screening with a Level IV Monitoring System
Purpose: We propose a phenotype-based artificial intelligence system that can
self-learn and is accurate for screening purposes, and test it on a Level IV
monitoring system. Methods: Based on the physiological knowledge, we
hypothesize that the phenotype information will allow us to find subjects from
a well-annotated database that share similar sleep apnea patterns. Therefore,
for a new-arriving subject, we can establish a prediction model from the
existing database that is adaptive to the subject. We test the proposed
algorithm on a database consisting of 62 subjects with the signals recorded
from a Level IV wearable device measuring the thoracic and abdominal movements
and the SpO2. Results: With the leave-one cross validation, the accuracy of the
proposed algorithm to screen subjects with an apnea-hypopnea index greater or
equal to 15 is 93.6%, the positive likelihood ratio is 6.8, and the negative
likelihood ratio is 0.03. Conclusion: The results confirm the hypothesis and
show that the proposed algorithm has great potential to screen patients with
SAS
V2PSense: Enabling Cellular-based V2P Collision Warning Service Through Mobile Sensing
The C-V2X (Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything) technology
is developing in full swing. One of its mainstream services
can be the Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P) service. It can protect
pedestrians who are mostly vulnerable on the road. In this
work, we seek to enable a V2P service that can identify which
pedestrians may be nearby a dangerous driving event and then
notify them of warning messages. To enable this V2P service,
there are two major challenges. First, a low-latency V2P message
transport is required for this infrastructure-based service.
Second, the pedestrian’s smartphone requires an energy-efficient
outdoor positioning method instead of power-hungry GPS due
to its limited battery life. We thus propose a novel solution,
V2PSense, which trades off positioning precision for energy
savings while achieving low-latency message transport with LTE
high-priority bearers. It does a coarse-grained positioning by
leveraging intermittent GPS information and mobile sensing data,
which includes step count from the pedometer and cellular signal
strength changes. Though the V2PSense’s positioning is not as
precise as the GPS, it can still ensure that all the pedestrians
nearby dangerous spots can be notified. Our results show that
it can achieve the average precision ratio 92.6% for estimating
where the pedestrian is while saving 20.8% energy, compared
with the GPS always-on case.This work was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Tech-nology, Taiwan, under grant numbers 106-2622-8-009-017 and 106-2218-E-009-018, and by the H2020 collaborative Europe/Taiwan research project 5G-CORAL (grant num. 761586
DEXON: A Highly Scalable, Decentralized DAG-Based Consensus Algorithm
A blockchain system is a replicated state machine that must be fault
tolerant. When designing a blockchain system, there is usually a trade-off
between decentralization, scalability, and security. In this paper, we propose
a novel blockchain system, DEXON, which achieves high scalability while
remaining decentralized and robust in the real-world environment. We have two
main contributions. First, we present a highly scalable sharding framework for
blockchain. This framework takes an arbitrary number of single chains and
transforms them into the \textit{blocklattice} data structure, enabling
\textit{high scalability} and \textit{low transaction confirmation latency}
with asymptotically optimal communication overhead. Second, we propose a
single-chain protocol based on our novel verifiable random function and a new
Byzantine agreement that achieves high decentralization and low latency
Surgical treatment strategy for multiple injury patients in ICU
AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the surgical treatment for patients with multiple injuries in ICU.MethodsClinical data of 163 multiple injury patients admitted to ICU of our hospital from January 2006 to January 2009 were retrospectively studied, including 118 males and 45 females, with the mean age of 36.2 years (range, 5-67 years). The injury regions included head and neck (29 cases), face (32 cases), chest (89 cases), abdomen (77 cases), pelvis and limbs (91 cases) and body surface (83 cases). There were 57 cases combined with shock. ISS values varied from 10 to 54, 18.42 on average. Patients received surgical treatments in ICU within respectively 24 hours (10 cases), 24-48 hours (8 cases), 3-7 days (7 cases) and 8-14 days (23 cases).ResultsFor the 163 patients, the duration of ICU stay ranged from 2 to 29 days, with the average value of 7.56 days. Among them, 143 were cured (87.73%), 11 died in the hospital (6.75%) due to severe hemorrhagic shock (6 cases), craniocerebral injury (3 cases) and multiple organ failure (2 cases), and 9 died after voluntarily discharging from hospital (5.52%). The total mortality rate was 12.27%.ConclusionsThe damage control principle should be followed when multiple injury patients are resuscitated in ICU. Surgical treatment strategies include actively controlling hemorrhage, treating the previously missed injuries and related wounds or surgical complications and performing planned staging operations
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