Productivity of various barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars under semi-arid conditions in southern Russia

ArticleDrought is a significant factor limiting crop production in arid conditions. In the dry climatic weather situation of southern Russia, ten - year laboratory trials and subsequent field experiments were laid out on various barley varieties collected across the globe during 2007 – 2017 period. This study was conducted to ascertain from the collection of barley cultivars of the entire world which one is best suited to stressful climatic conditions by being tolerant to drought, heat and salinity which can be adopted for barley breeding. According to the results obtained, the varieties that are tolerant to dry climatic conditions are as follows: Alga (Lithuania), Brenda, Henni (Germany), Décor (Great Britain), Furat 5 (Syria), Vakula (Ukraine), Ataman (Belarus) and Vladimir (Russia); heat resistant varieties are: Brenda (Germany), Alga (Lithuania), Furat 5 (Syria), Ataman (Belarus) , Vladimir and Ratnik (Russia); Salt - resistant varieties: Alga (Lithuania), Henni (Germany) and Vladimir (Russia). The selected varieties did not show any sign of adverse weather effect resulting in stable grain productivity throughout the entire duration of this research over the years, they had large grain size and stable 1 , 000 grains weight. However, the yield of selected cultivars varied over the years which was about 1.1 – 1.4 t ha - 1

The relationship of organization Failure Modes and Effects Analysis with the safety quality for Supply Chain Risk Management

Abstract- Supply chain risk management (SCRM) is a key component of not only supply success but firm success as well. All Companies aim to achieve the highest level in quantity and quality of their products in the shortest time while preserving the safety of their workers and providing all appropriate conditions for them. Whereas many institutions spend a lot of money to implement international safety and quality standards in order to reach this goal, they continue to suffer from some failures on the level of worker safety and unstable product quality. The presence of the human factor necessarily means the possibility of errors, and these errors naturally have accumulations that may reach even the furthest point in the organization and this leads to an increased possibility of accidents and fluctuations in product quality and waste of time. In view of the common goals and similarities between the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) organization, supply chain risk management, and the effective pivotal role of the FMEA organization in extracting points of failure and errors at the FMEA organization and field levels. Linking them in a way that allows managers to explore errors in the least time possible to remedy its consequences. The relationship between the FMEA organization and product quality management aims to improve performance and improve product quality in the shortest possible time

The development and use of highly effective methods of control of food production

The development of innovative methods of study and control of food production is priority trend of the development of biological safety of our country. One of the contemporary methods of effective qualitative control of food production is the gas-liquid chromatography method

Efficacy of reducing lintour doses and biocontrol components for an effective weeds control in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Herbicides rate cutting is an example of poor application of chemicals that can have potential adverse implications due to rapid herbicide resistance evolution. Three years studies during 2014 – 2016 have examined the combined effect of reducing new generation herbicide lintour doses 0.18, 0.15 and 0.12 kg/ha-1 and biological components to control weeds in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Weeds were mainly diminished when herbicide lintour 0.18 kg/ha-1 plus biological agents was applied compared with other treatments. Furthermore, satisfactory reducing of dominant weeds such as Viola arvensis, species of Poaceae and also in some cases, Stelaria media were achieved with below-labeled herbicide dose as 0.15 kg/ha-1 plus biological agents. Hence, the higher efficacy weed control was desirably obtained with the maximum lintour rate combined to biological agents but the difference was not high compared with dose 0.15 kg/ha-1. The lowest herbicide dose 0.12 kg/ha-1 plus biological agents had considerably lower weeds control efficacy on reducing of Viola arvensis, Poaceae and Stelaria media. It was determined that variation of herbicide doses combined with biological agents influenced yield and yield components, the highest yield (7.8 t/ha-1) was obtained with herbicide rate 0.15 kg/ha-1 Plus biological agents. © 2017, National Centre for Agrarian Sciences. All rights reserved

Efficacy of reducing lintour doses and biocontrol components for an effective weeds control in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Herbicides rate cutting is an example of poor application of chemicals that can have potential adverse implications due to rapid herbicide resistance evolution. Three years studies during 2014 – 2016 have examined the combined effect of reducing new generation herbicide lintour doses 0.18, 0.15 and 0.12 kg/ha-1 and biological components to control weeds in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Weeds were mainly diminished when herbicide lintour 0.18 kg/ha-1 plus biological agents was applied compared with other treatments. Furthermore, satisfactory reducing of dominant weeds such as Viola arvensis, species of Poaceae and also in some cases, Stelaria media were achieved with below-labeled herbicide dose as 0.15 kg/ha-1 plus biological agents. Hence, the higher efficacy weed control was desirably obtained with the maximum lintour rate combined to biological agents but the difference was not high compared with dose 0.15 kg/ha-1. The lowest herbicide dose 0.12 kg/ha-1 plus biological agents had considerably lower weeds control efficacy on reducing of Viola arvensis, Poaceae and Stelaria media. It was determined that variation of herbicide doses combined with biological agents influenced yield and yield components, the highest yield (7.8 t/ha-1) was obtained with herbicide rate 0.15 kg/ha-1 Plus biological agents. © 2017, National Centre for Agrarian Sciences. All rights reserved

Specificity of combinations of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of glucovine in genotypes of allocytoplasmatic spruce wheat with allel of wild type Wx-B1a

As a result of screening of the allelic composition of genes associated with baking properties, a significant genotypic variety of forms of allocytoplasmic spring wheat (ATSGG) from the ATI PFUR collection was established. In addition to the altered forms, 15 genotypes were isolated as a result of recombinations and introgression, in the genome of which the presence of a allel of wild type Wx-B1a (primer 4F / 4R) was detected. Analysis of the content and quality of gluten in these forms of ACPG made it possible to differentiate these genotypes according to their functional characteristics, which are related to baking properties. The amplitude of the differences in the genotypes of the ACPG in terms of the mass fraction of gluten is from 21.7% to 37.8%, the quality of gluten according to the IDK parameters in the majority of the studied genotypes of the I-st group. The genotypes of the category of strong wheat are of particular value: No. 24 (cytoplasm T. timopheevii), in which the mass fraction of gluten is 37.8% (class of super-strong wheat), and also genotypes of the 1st class, in which the gluten content is not less than 32%, and the quality of gluten is not lower than the I-st group (IDK - 43-77 units.). These are genotypes No. 25 (the cytoplasm of T. timopheevii) and No. 29 (the cytoplasm of T.aestivum L., as a result of backcrossing). To the category of strong wheat of the 2nd class (mass fraction of gluten is not lower than 28%, and the quality of gluten is the I-st group), four genotypes are classified. The category of valuable wheat of the 3rd class includes two genotypes, in which the mass fraction of gluten is not less than 25%. However, the quality of gluten in these genotypes is not II-th group, but higher - it corresponds to the I-st group. Genotypes with a specific combination of the mass fraction of gluten characteristic of strong and valuable wheat, with the qualitative characteristics of gluten of the I-th group, expand the range of their intended use in the production of bakery products

Productivity of various barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars under semi-arid conditions in Southern Russia

Drought is a significant factor limiting crop production in arid conditions. In the dry climatic weather situation of southern Russia, ten-year laboratory trials and subsequent field experiments were laid out on various barley varieties collected across the globe during 2007-2017 period. This study was conducted to ascertain from the collection of barley cultivars of the entire world which one is best suited to stressful climatic conditions by being tolerant to drought, heat and salinity which can be adopted for barley breeding. According to the results obtained, the varieties that are tolerant to dry climatic conditions are as follows: Alga (Lithuania), Brenda, Henni (Germany), Decor (Great Britain), Furat 5 (Syria), Vakula (Ukraine), Ataman (Belarus) and Vladimir (Russia); heat resistant varieties are: Brenda (Germany), Alga (Lithuania), Furat 5 (Syria), Ataman (Belarus), Vladimir and Ratnik (Russia); Salt-resistant varieties: Alga (Lithuania), Henni (Germany) and Vladimir (Russia). The selected varieties did not show any sign of adverse weather effect resulting in stable grain productivity throughout the entire duration of this research over the years, they had large grain size and stable 1,000 grains weight. However, the yield of selected cultivars varied over the years which was about 1.1-1.4 t ha-1. © 2018, Eesti Pollumajandusulikool. All rights reserved