Eddy Educed Entrainment

River morphodynamics and sediment transportMechanics of sediment transpor

Development of large fish farm numerical modeling techniques with in situ mooring tension comparisons

Author Posting. © Elsevier B.V., 2006. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Aquacultural Engineering 36 (2007): 137-148, doi:10.1016/j.aquaeng.2006.10.001.A study is conducted to validate a numerical model for calculating mooring system tensions of a large fish farm containing 20 net pens in the absence of waves. The model is forced using measured current velocity values obtained outside of the farm. Mooring line tensions calculated with the numerical model are compared with load cell field data sets. The approach considers current velocity reduction and load characteristics that occur through the net pen system for both clean and fouled net conditions. Without accounting for the reduction, the numerical model produces excessively conservative results. With reduction, a substantial improvement occurs. Understanding these differences will help to establish appropriate safety factors when designing large marine fish farms using the model. Additional validation studies should be conducted with wave and current forcing to investigate the modeling large fish farms for exposed or open ocean sites.The authors would also like to express sincere thanks the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for funding this project through the Saltonstall-Kennedy program under Grant NAO3NMF4270183

Exchange flow between open water and floating vegetation

This study describes the exchange flow between a region with open water and a region with a partial-depth porous obstruction, which represents the thermally-driven exchange that occurs between open water and floating vegetation. The partial-depth porous obstruction represents the root layer, which does not penetrate to the bed. Initially, a vertical wall separates the two regions, with fluid of higher density in the obstructed region and fluid of lower density in the open region. This density difference represents the influence of differential solar heating due to shading by the vegetation. For a range of root density and root depths, the velocity distribution is measured in the lab using PIV. When the vertical wall is removed, the less dense water flows into the obstructed region at the surface. This surface flow bifurcates into two layers, one flowing directly through the root layer and one flowing beneath the root layer. A flow directed out of the vegetated region occurs at the bed. A model is developed that predicts the flow rates within each layer based on energy considerations. The experiments and model together suggest that at time- and length-scales relevant to the field, the flow structure for any root layer porosity approaches that of a fully blocked layer, for which the exchange flow occurs only beneath the root layer.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (grant EAR0509658

Intangible Barriers to the Diagnosis & Treatment of Emotionally Disturbed Students: Reformulated School Psychologist Roles

The special education category of emotional disturbance (ED) allows for the provision of special education services for students who struggle with mental and emotional disorders (MED). Outcome studies for ED/MED students in school and after completing compulsory education are discouraging. At the same time, the literature indicates that certain intervention efforts can be effective with this population. Why is there disparity between what is known about efficacious treatment for ED students and the dismal outcome data? This doctoral project posits that long-standing, tenacious and intangible barriers impede the diagnosis and treatment of ED students. These barriers exist in and outside of the school proper. School districts need staff on site who have a degree of expertise in mental and emotional disorders; i.e. a school staff member well versed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). The school staff member potentially suited to fill that role is the school psychologist. The controversial and unorthodox role of DSM-expert is posited as the core role to address these barriers to ED identification and treatment. Building on this central function, the school psychologist can provide linkage for the team to the DSM-IV-TR, MED literature and between the extended team members (e.g. linking school staff, parents, and community providers). Implications for training are discussed as well

SDH-deficient renal cell carcinoma associated with biallelic mutation in succinate dehydrogenase A: comprehensive genetic profiling and its relation to therapy response

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare RCC subtype that is caused by biallelic mutation of one of the four subunits of the SDH complex (SDHA, B, C, and D) and results in inactivation of the SDH enzyme. Here we describe a case of genetically characterized SDH-deficient RCC caused by biallelic (germline plus somatic) SDHA mutations. SDHA pathogenic variants were detected using comprehensive genomic profiling and SDH absence was subsequently confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Very little is known regarding the genomic context of SDH-deficient RCC. Interestingly we found genomic amplifications commonly observed in RCC but there was an absence of additional variants in common cancer driver genes. Prior to genetic testing a PD-1 inhibitor treatment was administered. However, following the genetic results a succession of tyrosine kinase inhibitors were administered as targeted treatment options and we highlight how the genetic results provide a rationale for their effectiveness. We also describe how the genetic results benefited the patient by empowering him to adopt dietary and lifestyle changes in accordance with knowledge of the mechanisms of SDH-related tumorigenesis