Emotional intelligence and its relationship with the goodness of fit hypothesis and perceived stress

This study tested the hypothesis that goodness of fit has a positive relationship with Emotional Intelligence (EQ). Participants were given an EQ survey and a general anxiety inventory and were exposed to two different scenarios, controllable and uncontrollable. The relationship between EQ, coping strategies (problem-focused or emotion focused), general anxiety, and goodness of fit was examined

Book Reviews

Discretionary Justice: A Preliminary Inquiry By Kenneth Culp Davis Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. 1969. Pp. xii,233. $8.50 reviewer: Maurice H. Merrill ============================ Gambling and Organized Crime By Rufus King Washington:Public Affairs Press, 1969. Pp. viii, 239.$6.00 reviewer: Tom C. Clark ========================== The Throwaway Children By Lisa Aversa Richette New York:J.B. Lippincott, 1969. Pp. x, 342. $6.95 reviewer: Anthony Plat

Association between Pitch Break on the 4-Seam Fastball and Slider and Shoulder Injury in Major League Baseball Pitchers: A Case-Control Study

Background: Few specific risk factors are known for shoulder injury in professional pitchers. New pitch-tracking data allow for risk stratification based on advanced metrics. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between shoulder injury, pitch frequency, and pitch metrics (velocity, total break, break angle, and spin rate) for the 4-seam fastball, curveball, and slider. We hypothesized that more frequent use of the 4-seam fastball would be associated with shoulder injury. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The Major League Baseball (MLB) database was queried for pitchers who had been placed on the injury list (IL) with a shoulder injury between 2015 and 2019. Injured pitchers were matched 1:1 with controls (pitchers not on the IL with a shoulder injury during the study period), based on age (±1 year), history of ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction, position (starter vs reliever), and pitches thrown during the injury season (±500). Pitch frequency, velocity, horizontal break, vertical break, total break, and spin rate for the season were collected from the Baseball Savant website for the 4-seam fastball, curveball, and slider. Univariate analysis was used to determine group differences for individual variables. Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine odds ratios (ORs) for shoulder injury associated with pitch frequency, velocity, total break, break angle, and spin rate. Covariates included age, position, ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction status, expected weighted on-base average, and total pitches thrown. Results: Overall, 233 injured pitchers were evaluated. The most common reason for IL placement was inflammation (78/233; 33.5%) followed by strain or sprain (61/233; 26.2%). Increased total pitch break was associated with an increased risk of shoulder injury for the 4-seam fastball (OR, 1.340 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.199-1.509]; P \u3c .001) and slider (OR, 1.360 [95% CI, 1.206-1.554]; P \u3c .001). For the slider, a decreased spin rate (OR = 0.998 [95% CI, 0.997-0.999]; P = .026) and a more vertical break angle (OR = 1.170 [95% CI: 1.073-1.278]; P = .004) were associated with increased risk of injury. Conclusion: Increased pitch break of the 4-seam fastball and slider was associated positively with shoulder injury in MLB pitchers. These findings add to the understanding of throwing injury and ability to detect risk using ball-tracking technology

Lanthanide tri- and tetrathionates and their complexes with triphenylphosphine oxide

Lanthanide tri- and tetrathionate containing species have been prepared in solution by the reaction of potassium tri- and tetrathionate with lanthanide perchlorates. Unstable solid materials from these reactions have been examined by infrared spectroscopy and electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI MS). There was evidence of the formation of S3O62- and S4O62- coordination to lanthanide ions, but it was not possible to produce material suitable for single crystal x-ray studies. The reaction of ethanol solutions from Ln(ClO4)3 / K2SnO6 (n = 3,4) with triphenylphosphine oxide yielded crystalline materials which have been characterised by infrared spectroscopy, electrospray mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The trithionate complexes [Ln(S3O6)(Ph3PO)4]ClO4.3H2O (Ln = Nd, Tb) have been isolated. The tetrathionate / Ph3PO reaction gave rise to significant disproportionation giving a small quantity of [Nd(S4O6)(Ph3PO)4(H2O)]ClO4, a different isomer of [Nd(S3O6)(Ph3PO)4H2O]ClO4, neodymium sulfate and elemental sulfur. The crystal structures of the two isomers of [Nd(S3O6)(Ph3PO)4H2O]ClO4 and that of [Nd(S4O6)(Ph3PO)4H2O]ClO4 are reported. The structure of [Er(H2O)5(Ph3PO)2].5Ph3PO.3[ClO-4], formed during the attempted preparation of erbium trithionate complexes, is also described

Miniature Untethered EEG Recorder Improves Advanced Neuroscience Methodologies

Rodent electroencephalography (EEG) in preclinical research is frequently conducted in behaving animals. However, the difficulty inherent in identifying EEG epochs associated with a particular behavior or cue is a significant obstacle to more efficient analysis. In this paper we highlight a new solution, using infrared event stamping to accurately synchronize EEG, recorded from superficial sites above the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, with video motion tracking data in a transgenic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model. Epochs capturing specific behaviors were automatically identified and extracted prior to further analysis. This was achieved by the novel design of a ultra- miniature wearable EEG recorder, the NAT-1 device, and its in- situ IR recording module. The device is described in detail, and its contribution to enabling new neuroscience is demonstrated

Normalizing glycosphingolipids restores function in CD4+ T cells from lupus patients

Patients with the autoimmune rheumatic disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have multiple defects in lymphocyte signaling and function that contribute to disease pathogenesis. Such defects could be attributed to alterations in metabolic processes, including abnormal control of lipid biosynthesis pathways. Here, we reveal that CD4+ T cells from SLE patients displayed an altered profile of lipid raft–associated glycosphingolipids (GSLs) compared with that of healthy controls. In particular, lactosylceramide, globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), and monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) levels were markedly increased. Elevated GSLs in SLE patients were associated with increased expression of liver X receptor β (LXRβ), a nuclear receptor that controls cellular lipid metabolism and trafficking and influences acquired immune responses. Stimulation of CD4+ T cells isolated from healthy donors with synthetic and endogenous LXR agonists promoted GSL expression, which was blocked by an LXR antagonist. Increased GSL expression in CD4+ T cells was associated with intracellular accumulation and accelerated trafficking of GSL, reminiscent of cells from patients with glycolipid storage diseases. Inhibition of GSL biosynthesis in vitro with a clinically approved inhibitor (N-butyldeoxynojirimycin) normalized GSL metabolism, corrected CD4+ T cell signaling and functional defects, and decreased anti-dsDNA antibody production by autologous B cells in SLE patients. Our data demonstrate that lipid metabolism defects contribute to SLE pathogenesis and suggest that targeting GSL biosynthesis restores T cell function in SLE

Organic semiconductor composites: influence of additives on the transient photocurrent

We report on the effect of various guest molecules added to a functionalized anthradithiophene (ADT) host on photoexcited charge carrier dynamics in solution-deposited thin films, from ~100 ps to >100 μs after photoexcitation with 100 fs laser pulses. An addition of 2 and 5 wt % of C60 to a fluorinated ADT derivative, ADT-TES-F, resulted in transient photocurrent amplitude enhancement by a factor of ~3 and 10, respectively. In contrast, an addition of 10 wt % of another ADT derivative, ADT-TIPS-CN, or a functionalized pentacene derivative (TIPS pentacene) to ADT-TES-F led to a decrease in the amplitude by a factor of ~3–4 and dramatically different photocurrent dynamics

Integration of genomic and other epidemiologic data to investigate and control a cross-institutional outbreak of Streptococcus pyogenes outbrea

Single-strain outbreaks of Streptococcus pyogenes infections are common and often go undetected. In 2013, two clusters of invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infection were identified in independent but closely located care homes in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. Investigation included visits to each home, chart review, staff survey, microbiologic sampling, and genome sequencing. S. pyogenes emm type 1.0, the most common circulating type nationally, was identified from all cases yielding GAS isolates. A tailored whole-genome reference population comprising epidemiologically relevant contemporaneous isolates and published isolates was assembled. Data were analyzed independently using whole-genome multilocus sequencing and single-nucleotide polymorphism analyses. Six isolates from staff and residents of the homes formed a single cluster that was separated from the reference population by both analytical approaches. No further cases occurred after mass chemoprophylaxis and enhanced infection control. Our findings demonstrate the ability of 2 independent analytical approaches to enable robust conclusions from nonstandardized whole-genome analysis to support public health practice