Police Officer Aggression During Police-Civilian Encounters and Effect on Civilian Perception

Trust in the police by the public is the cornerstone of public safety. A lack of trust in the police discourages citizens from reporting criminal behavior, leading to increased crime rates. A lack of trust can be the result of inappropriate actions taken by officers in police-civilian encounters, as perceived by the citizen. Although increased professional standards and training have been implemented in police departments across the U.S., researchers have not demonstrated how aggressive police officer behavior affects the civilian perception of the officer’s actions. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between police officer aggression and an individual’s perception of the officer’s actions using institutional analysis and development framework. A quantitative nonexperimental design was used to examine a secondary dataset of a random sample of 7,417 respondents who had indicated that they had been stopped by the police while driving. A logistic regression analysis indicated that there was a statistically significant relationship between the officer shouting and threatening arrest and the respondent believing those actions to be unnecessary. The officer cursing and kicking or hitting was not found to be statistically significant. Scholarly implications include producing a research design that employs the use of independently collected data, allowing the researcher to measure other perceptions of respondents to police actions. Policy implications include police administrators actively monitoring the use of aggression by their officers in order to improve police-community relations. Implications for positive social change include increased training for accommodative communication for new and current officers

Construction of Partial MDS and Sector-Disk Codes With Two Global Parity Symbols

Partial MDS (PMDS) codes are erasure codes combining local (row) correction with global additional correction of entries, while sector-disk (SD) codes are erasure codes that address the mixed failure mode of current redundant arrays of independent disk (RAID) systems. It has been an open problem to construct general codes that have the PMDS and the SD properties, and previous work has relied on Monte-Carlo searches. In this paper, we present a general construction that addresses the case of any number of failed disks and in addition, two erased sectors. The construction requires a modest field size. This result generalizes previous constructions extending RAID 5 and RAID 6

Speed-based Filtration and DBSCAN of Event-based Camera Data with Neuromorphic Computing

Spiking neural networks are powerful computational elements that pair well with event-based cameras (EBCs). In this work, we present two spiking neural network architectures that process events from EBCs: one that isolates and filters out events based on their speeds, and another that clusters events based on the DBSCAN algorithm.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to Neuro Inspired Computational Elements Conference 202

Functional Specification of the RAVENS Neuroprocessor

RAVENS is a neuroprocessor that has been developed by the TENNLab research group at the University of Tennessee. Its main focus has been as a vehicle for chip design with memristive elements; however it has also been the vehicle for all-digital CMOS development, plus it has implementations on FPGA's, microcontrollers and software simulation. The software simulation is supported by the TENNLab neuromorphic software framework so that researchers may develop RAVENS solutions for a variety of neuromorphic computing applications. This document provides a functional specification of RAVENS that should apply to all implementations of the RAVENS neuroprocessor.Comment: 17 pages, 11 figure

Disclosure of a Neuromorphic Starter Kit

This paper presents a Neuromorphic Starter Kit, which has been designed to help a variety of research groups perform research, exploration and real-world demonstrations of brain-based, neuromorphic processors and hardware environments. A prototype kit has been built and tested. We explain the motivation behind the kit, its design and composition, and a prototype physical demonstration.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure