49 research outputs found
Protein changes as robust signatures of fish chronic stress: a proteomics approach to fish welfare research
Background
Aquaculture is a fast-growing industry and therefore welfare and environmental impact have become of utmost importance. Preventing stress associated to common aquaculture practices and optimizing the fish stress response by quantification of the stress level, are important steps towards the improvement of welfare standards. Stress is characterized by a cascade of physiological responses that, in-turn, induce further changes at the whole-animal level. These can either increase fitness or impair welfare. Nevertheless, monitorization of this dynamic process has, up until now, relied on indicators that are only a snapshot of the stress level experienced. Promising technological tools, such as proteomics, allow an unbiased approach for the discovery of potential biomarkers for stress monitoring. Within this scope, using Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) as a model, three chronic stress conditions, namely overcrowding, handling and hypoxia, were employed to evaluate the potential of the fish protein-based adaptations as reliable signatures of chronic stress, in contrast with the commonly used hormonal and metabolic indicators.
Results
A broad spectrum of biological variation regarding cortisol and glucose levels was observed, the values of which rose higher in net-handled fish. In this sense, a potential pattern of stressor-specificity was clear, as the level of response varied markedly between a persistent (crowding) and a repetitive stressor (handling). Gel-based proteomics analysis of the plasma proteome also revealed that net-handled fish had the highest number of differential proteins, compared to the other trials. Mass spectrometric analysis, followed by gene ontology enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses, characterized those as humoral components of the innate immune system and key elements of the response to stimulus.
Conclusions
Overall, this study represents the first screening of more reliable signatures of physiological adaptation to chronic stress in fish, allowing the future development of novel biomarker models to monitor fish welfare.This study received Portuguese national funds from FCT - Foundation for
Science and Technology through project UIDB/04326/2020 and project
WELFISH (Refª 16–02-05-FMP-12, “Establishment of Welfare Biomarkers in
farmed fish using a proteomics approach”) financed by Mar2020, in the
framework of the program Portugal 2020. Cláudia Raposo de Magalhães
acknowledges an FCT PhD scholarship, RefÂŞ SFRH/BD/138884/2018. Denise
Schrama acknowledges an FCT PhD scholarship, RefÂŞ SFRH/BD/136319/2018.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Material flow analysis applied to rare earth elements in Europe
International audienceThis paper explores flows and stocks, at the scale of the European Union, of certain rare earth elements (REEs; Pr, Nd, Eu, Tb, Dy and Y) which are associated with products that are important for the decarbonisation of the energy sector and that also have strong recycling potential. Material flow analyses were performed considering the various steps along the value chain (separation of rare earth oxides, manufacture of products, etc.) and including the lithosphere as a potential stock (potential geological resources). Results provide estimates of flows of rare earths into use, in-use stocks and waste streams. Flows into use of, e.g., Tb in fluorescent lamp phosphors, Nd and Dy in permanent magnets and Nd in battery applications were estimated, for selected reference year 2010, as 35, 1230, 230 and 120 tons respectively. The proposed Sankey diagrams illustrate the strong imbalance of flows of permanent magnet REEs along the value chain, with Europe relying largely on the import of finished products (magnets and applications). It is estimated that around 2020, the amounts of Tb in fluorescent lamps and Nd in permanent magnets recycled each year in Europe, could be on the order of 10 tons for Tb and between 170 and 230 tons for Nd
Hydrogénoréactivité du charbon et des semi-cokes en relation avec leur composition et leur structure poreuse
Doctorat en Sciencesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
Hydrogénoréactivité du charbon et des semi-cokes en relation avec leur composition et leur structure poreuse
Doctorat en Sciencesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
Approches pour l'identification de modificateurs génétiques (à propos de la neurofibromatose de type 1)
PARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF
Evolution of pore structure and active surface areas of coal and char during hydrogenation
SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Evolution of crystallite size, gas composition and reaction heat during pyrolysis and hydropyrolysis of a bituminous Belgian coal
SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
The construction of a differential thermal analyser for studying the gasification of coal under hydrogen pressure
SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Reverse fabrication process for organic light emitting device
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe