Základní jednotka pro ovládání výroby bionafty

This work describes the control of biodiesel production from renewable and waste raw materials. Biodiesel for internal combustion engines are currently produced and used with all its advantages (reducing CO2, produced from renewable materials) and disadvantages (higher nitrogen oxide emissions). For production of biodiesel was implemented and deployed controlling system based on programmable logic controller Saia. Programmable logic controllers are widely used and deployed from the smallest to the largest manufacturing processes in industry. The control system maintains the required parameters of a chemical reaction, in which biodiesel is created from renewable or waste raw materials.V článku je popsáno řízení výroby bionafty z obnovitelných zdrojů a z odpadních surovin. Bionafta pro spalovací motory je v současné době vyráběna a používána se všemi jejími výhodami (snižování emisí CO2, výroba z obnovitelných zdrojů) a nevýhodami (zvýšení emisí oxidů dusíku). Pro výrobu bionafty byl vyvinut a nasazen kontrolní řídicí systém založený na programovatelném automatu Saia. Programovatelné automaty jsou široce používány a nasazovány v průmyslových výrobních procesech, a to jak v těch nejmenších, tak i ve velmi komplexních zařízeních. Popisovaný řídicí systém udržuje požadované parametry chemické reakce, při které je bionafta vyráběna z obnovitelných zdrojů nebo odpadních surovin

Application of adaptive dead-beat controller in drying process

In the article a temperature control is dealt in drying machines during a manufacturing process of printed circuits boards. A problem occurs if the temperature is not complied during a drying process of a solder mask and a service printing. It involves to depreciation of the printed circuit board, especially if the surface mount devices are used. An adaptive polynomial controller was designed to improve the temperature control. The controller is constructed by dead-beat method and it is implemented into 8-bit microcontroller, which has supervision of control process of whole drying system. The controller is based on a recursive identification algorithm, which identifies the dryer system. That identification proceeds continuously during the printed circuits boards drying process. Parameters of controller are recalculated in each period on the basis of data obtained by identification. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.MSMT-7778/2014, NPU, Northwestern Polytechnical Universit

Takahashi controller with continuous identification in fast response application

The paper describes Takahashi controller with an adaptive system identification in a fast response application and describes hardware design with an 8-bit microcontroller. Takahashi controller is modified PSD controller and due to simple calculation of controller's parameters it can be implemented into the 8-bit microcontroller. The microcontroller was selected from Freescale semiconductor, specifically MC9S08DZ60 which has maximum allowed frequency 40MHz. The identification is based on the least squared recursive method in the beginning of the control process and during the operation at the moment when user changes systems parameters. These are given by the application of the fast response temperature control of soldering tips which are changeable during soldering process. In the first part of the paper the controller is described and in the second part practical aspects of hardware design, such as low power consumption, method how to measure temperature by thermocouple which shares wires with heater and design of AD converter are described

The control system for the production of biodiesel

This article describes the control unit for the production of biodiesel from waste material, such as fats or oils. The control system is based on programmable logic controller of PCD2 family and provides dosing of feedstock materials (fat or oil) and other material, temperature reactor control, visualization of process and progress of production. It provides easy setting of the parameters of the technological process - transesterification. It was proposed to use in laboratory or small industrial production. There can be connected touch screen terminal to the control unit or the user can use local area network for the connection with computer with web browser to control the production process. The process of desalting is proposing for the preparation of waste materials (fats from leather industry, it's based on ARM microcontroller from Cortex-M4 family with touch screen LCD (10.4)

Adaptive identification and PSD controller implementation into 8-bit microcontroller

An application and an implementation of an adaptive identification and of Takahashi PSD controller are described in this article. The application is based on 8-bit HCS08 microcontroller (DZ family) from Freescale semiconductor. This family is intended for automotive application, and also for general purposes. Except the microcontroller, a power part and analog part of circuit was used for measure and converting a thermocouple temperature; it is directly measured inside the heater. This system is designed for fast temperature control of soldering precise tips. The controlled system is identified during heating process by the recursive least square method at the beginning of control process and on demand of user (when the tip is replaced by other type). The hardware was designed to save space and to minimize power loses on switching transistor. It leads to have the transistor without heatsink. The transistor was selected from PowerTrench family with an extremely low rDS(ON) resistance. © 2016, North Atlantic University Union. All rights reserved

Aplikace pro řízení výroby bionafty

Z(MSM7088352102

Application of self-tuning polynomial controller and comparison with standard controller

The article deals an implementation of a numerical adaptive self-tuning controller for a usage in a drying machine in a production of small amount printed circuits boards. The controller is design to use in a 8-bit microcontroller from DZ family produced by Freescale Semiconductor providing main functions – temperature measuring and control, communication with PC. That microcontroller is a main part of the dryer, but other parts (triacs and drivers) are indispensable. A dryer dynamic system is identified during a control process by a recursive least-square method. The controlling part is calculated on the basis of a dead beat control method. Of course, it is verified on a real device with surroundings which independently change temperature and air flow and it is compared with a non-adaptive controller. © 2014 North Atlantic University Union. All rights reserved

Gas sensors and their selection

Measurement of constitution and feature of gas gives information in content of gas components in mix or in their physical parameters. This measurement is used for environment protection, control of qualities of air in interior, control of quality of combustion at combustion motors and kettles, control and monitoring of chemical processes etc. Measurement has to do with emissions of components of gases at processes and emission, i. e. content of components of mixture of gases. Research results play signification role and development of electrochemical sensors. These elements are realized next to laboratory and industry technical means of measurement andportable equipment of personal protection. There is necessary recognize to study of electrochemical sensors and their application research in detail their principles, positives and negatives of particular methods for determination of concentration of particular gases and is necessary have knowledge in fabrication technique ofsignals from these sensors

Univerzální řídicí jednotka

Z(MSM7088352102

Measurement and prediction of precipitation using a MMR50 meteorological radar

The article is focused on the use of MMR50 Meteorological Radar for Crisis Management in the Zlin Region of the Czech Republic. Zlin region contributes to project Information, Notification and Warning System project of the Zlin Region (further only, IVVS ZK). The realization of the building of communication and information infrastructure of the region was finished last year and the implementation of some systems has been preformed currently (eg integration of mobile MMR50 meteorological radar to the infrastructure level sensors on rivers, etc.). The goal of implementation MMR50 meteorological radar is to increase the level of monitoring current developments and precipitation forecast over the territory of the Zlin Region. In the article will be described IVVS ZK project in terms of features and the location of the MMR50 Meteorological Radar. The practical part will be compared outcomes radar measurements of MMR50 Meteorological Radar with meteorological radars of CZRAD Radar Network. Outcomes of the measurement will be demonstrated on examples of convective and stratiform precipitation clouds. Following the radar measurements will be compared to the description of predictions TITAN Nowcasting System, which is part of the equipment of MMR50 Meteorological Radar with Nowcasting Systems of Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. In the end success of predictions TITAN Nowcasting System will be discussed in connection with the measured data. © 2014 North Atlantic University Union. All rights reserved