The efficiency of the working process of a forestry primer with a hydraulic drive of a rotor-thrower

An analysis of the conducted studies of the causes of occurrence, methods and techniques used to combat and prevent a forest fire, including forest plows, ditchers and soil throwers, is presented. It has been established that units with active working bodies are the most effective, but the existing milling working bodies do not allow delivering the required amount of soil to the edge of a forest ground fire. The aim of the study is to increase the efficiency of the working process of a forest fire soil thrower by substantiating the parameters of a three-stage rotor-thrower with a hydraulic drive. A mathematical model of the working process of a three-stage rotor-thrower and a software package were compiled, with the help of which the main design and technological parameters of the soil-throwing unit were determined. Laboratory tests were carried out using the method of a full-factorial experiment. The optimal value of the angle of installation of the blades on the rotor-thrower in terms of the volume of thrown soil of 0.1 m3 per one m2 of the area of the mineralized strip is the angle of -10º, however, in terms of energy consumption, the optimal angle of inclination of the blades for all modifications of the rotor is an angle equal to 00. As a result of a comparative analysis by the method of alternatives it was found that the optimal modification of the rotor-thrower is R-20 at a rotation frequency of 20 rpm

The efficiency of the working process of a forestry primer with a hydraulic drive of a rotor-thrower

An analysis of the conducted studies of the causes of occurrence, methods and techniques used to combat and prevent a forest fire, including forest plows, ditchers and soil throwers, is presented. It has been established that units with active working bodies are the most effective, but the existing milling working bodies do not allow delivering the required amount of soil to the edge of a forest ground fire. The aim of the study is to increase the efficiency of the working process of a forest fire soil thrower by substantiating the parameters of a three-stage rotor-thrower with a hydraulic drive. A mathematical model of the working process of a three-stage rotor-thrower and a software package were compiled, with the help of which the main design and technological parameters of the soil-throwing unit were determined. Laboratory tests were carried out using the method of a full-factorial experiment. The optimal value of the angle of installation of the blades on the rotor-thrower in terms of the volume of thrown soil of 0.1 m3 per one m2 of the area of the mineralized strip is the angle of -10º, however, in terms of energy consumption, the optimal angle of inclination of the blades for all modifications of the rotor is an angle equal to 00. As a result of a comparative analysis by the method of alternatives it was found that the optimal modification of the rotor-thrower is R-20 at a rotation frequency of 20 rpm

Localization of Guest Molecules in Nanopores by Pulsed EPR Spectroscopy

The localization of guest molecules at the molecular scale in mesoporous host materials is crucial for applications in heterogeneous catalysis, chromatography, drug delivery, and in different biomedical applications. Here, we present for the first time the precise localization of different guest molecules inside the mesoporous organosilica material UKON2a with a pore size of 6 nm. We exploited paramagnetic probe molecules 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (4-amino-TEMPO) and 4-carboxy-TEMPO in combination with a deuteration strategy. Applying a complementary set of different pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance methods, we obtained information about the dimensionality of the spatial distribution and local concentration via double electron–electron resonance experiments, orientation of the guest molecules with respect to the pore walls via electron spin echo envelope modulation spectroscopy, and about the distance between guest molecules and pore walls via electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy. This allowed localizing the guest molecules and shows that their spatial distribution in nanopores strongly depends on their polarity

Gamma-shaped long-cavity normal-dispersion mode-locked Er-fiber laser for sub-nanosecond high-energy pulsed generation

We propose the design of a novel ?-shaped fiber laser resonator and apply it to build a long-cavity normaldispersion mode-locked Er-fiber laser which features enhanced functionalities for management and optimization of pulsed lasing regimes. We report the generation of sub-nanosecond pulses with the energy of ~0.5 µJ at a kilohertz-scale repetition rate in an all-fiber system based on the new laser design. A combination of special design solutions in the laser, such as polarization instability compensation in the ultra-long arm of the resonator, intra-cavity spectral selection of radiation with a broadband fiber Bragg grating, and polarization selection by means of a tilted refractive index grating, ensures low amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise and high stability of the laser system output parameters

Gamma-shaped long-cavity normal-dispersion mode-locked Er-fiber laser for sub-nanosecond high-energy pulsed generation

We propose the design of a novel ?-shaped fiber laser resonator and apply it to build a long-cavity normaldispersion mode-locked Er-fiber laser which features enhanced functionalities for management and optimization of pulsed lasing regimes. We report the generation of sub-nanosecond pulses with the energy of ~0.5 µJ at a kilohertz-scale repetition rate in an all-fiber system based on the new laser design. A combination of special design solutions in the laser, such as polarization instability compensation in the ultra-long arm of the resonator, intra-cavity spectral selection of radiation with a broadband fiber Bragg grating, and polarization selection by means of a tilted refractive index grating, ensures low amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise and high stability of the laser system output parameters