Novel nanocomposite biomaterials with controlled copper/calcium release capability for bone tissue engineering multifunctional scaffolds

This work aimed to develop novel composite biomaterials for bone tissue engineering (BTE) made of bioactive glass nanoparticles (Nbg) and alginate cross-linked with Cu2+ or Ca2+ (AlgNbgCu, AlgNbgCa, respectively). Twodimensional scaffolds were prepared and the nanocomposite biomaterials were characterized in terms of morphology, mechanical strength, bioactivity, biodegradability, swelling capacity, release profile of the cross-linking cations and angiogenic properties. It was found that both Cu2+ and Ca2+ are released in a controlled and sustained manner with no burst release observed. Finally, in vitro results indicated that the bioactive ions released from both nanocomposite biomaterials were able to stimulate the differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells towards the osteogenic lineage. In addition, the typical endothelial cell property of forming tubes in Matrigel was observed for human umbilical vein endothelial cells when in contact with the novel biomaterials, particularly AlgNbgCu, which indicates their angiogenic properties. Hence, novel nanocomposite biomaterials made of Nbg and alginate cross-linked with Cu2+ or Ca2+ were developed with potential applications for preparation of multifunctional scaffolds for BTE.Fil: Cattalini, Juan Pablo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Hoppe, A.. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Pishbin, F.. Imperial College London; Reino UnidoFil: Roether, Judith A.. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Boccaccini, Aldo R.. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Lucangioli, Silvia Edith. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Mouriño, Viviana Silvia Lourdes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Bioactivity, biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties of a chitosan-mineral composite for periodontal tissue regeneration

A composite membrane of the polymer, chitosan, and the silver-exchanged mineral phase, tobermorite, was prepared by solvent casting and characterised by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The in vitro bioactivity, cytocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of the composite were evaluated with respect to its potential application as a guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane. The in vitro bioactivity was verified by the formation of hydroxyapatite on the surface of the membrane in simulated body fluid and its cytocompatibility was established using MG63 human osteosarcoma cells. The presence of silver ions conferred significant antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. The findings of this investigation have indicated that the chitosansilver-tobermorite composite is a prospective candidate for GTR applications

Physicochemical, biological and drug-release properties of gallium crosslinked alginate/nanoparticulate bioactive glass composite films

The aim of this work was to develop biodegradable and bioactive materials with sufficient structural integrity and prophylaxis effect against infection based on alginate-bioactive glass composite. The incorporation of bioactive glass nanoparticles (NBG) into Ga-crosslinked alginate films significantly improved their mechanical properties when compared with films fabricated with micron-sized bioactive glass particles. In addition, Ga-alginate films containing NBG induced a bacteriostatic effect in vitro towards S. aureus due to the presence of Ga ions (Ga3+), whose release is controlled solely by crosslinking the ion with alginate. Biomineralization studies in simulated body fluid suggested the deposition of hydroxyapatite on the surface of the films indicating their bioactive nature. In addition, the films were shown to feature biocompatibility toward osteoblast-like cells. Thus, it was shown that Ga-crosslinked composite films possessed relevant physicochemical, biological and controlled bacteriostatic effects which make these materials promising candidates for bone tissue engineering applications.Fil: Mouriño, Viviana Silvia Lourdes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina. Imperial College London; Reino Unido. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Newby, P.. Imperial College London; Reino UnidoFil: Pishbin, F.. Imperial College London; Reino UnidoFil: Cattalini, Juan Pablo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Lucangioli, Silvia Edith. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Boccaccini, Aldo Roberto. Imperial College London; Reino Unido. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; Alemani

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Single-step electrochemical deposition of antimicrobial orthopaedic coatings based on a bioactive glass/chitosan/nano-silver composite system

Composite orthopaedic coatings with antibacterial capability containing chitosan, Bioglass® particles (9.8ìm) and silver nanoparticles (Ag-np) were fabricated using a single-step electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique, and their structural and preliminary in vitro bactericidal and cellular properties were investigated. Stainless steel 316 was used as a standard metallic orthopaedic substrate. The coatings were compared with EPD coatings of chitosan and chitosan/Bioglass®. The ability of chitosan as both a complexing and stabilizing agent was utilized to form uniformly deposited Ag-np. Due to the presence of Bioglass® particles, the coatings were bioactive in terms of forming carbonated hydroxyapatite in simulated body fluid (SBF). Less than 7wt.% of the incorporated silver was released over the course of 28days in SBF and the possibility of manipulating the release rate by varying the deposition order of coating layers was shown. The low released concentration of Ag ions (<2.5ppm) was efficiently antibacterial against Staphyloccocus aureus up to 10days. Although chitosan and chitosan/Bioglass® coating supported proliferation of MG-63 osteoblast-like cells up to 7days of culture, chitosan/Bioglass®/Ag-np coatings containing 342 ìg of Ag-np showed cytotoxic effects. This was attributed to the relatively high concentration of Ag-np incorporated in the coatings.Fil: Pishbin, F.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido;Fil: Mouriño, Viviana Silvia Lourdes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina;Fil: Gilchrist, J.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido;Fil: McComb, D.. Ohio State University; Estados Unidos de América;Fil: Kreppel, S.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido; Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; Alemania;Fil: Salih, V.. University College London; Reino Unido;Fil: Ryan, M. P.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido;Fil: Boccaccini, A. R.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido; Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; Alemania