Orbits and reversals of a drop rolling inside a horizontal circular hydraulic jump

We explore the complex dynamics of a non-coalescing drop of moderate size inside a circular hydraulic jump of the same liquid formed on a horizontal disk. In this situation the drop is moving along the jump and one observes two different motions: a periodic one (it orbitates at constant speed) and an irregular one involving reversals of the orbital motion. Modeling the drop as a rigid sphere exchanging friction with liquid across a thin film of air, we recover the orbital motion and the internal rotation of the drop. This internal rotation is experimentally observed.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

Destabilization of a Viscous Film Flowing Down in the Form of a Vertical Cylindrical Curtain

In this letter, we study experimentally a viscous liquid curtain in an annular geometry. Gap and median radius can be varied in such a way that the base of the initially stationary cylindrical curtain is led to oscillate by decreasing the flow rate. Standing and traveling waves in the plane of the annulus are observed and a non-trivial expression linking pulsation to flow rate per surface unit and viscosity can be defined

Gyroscopic Instability of a Drop Trapped Inside an Inclined Circular Hydraulic Jump

International audienceA drop of moderate size deposited inside a circular hydraulic jump remains trapped at the shock front and does not coalesce with the liquid flowing across the jump. For a small inclination of the plate on which the liquid is impacting, the drop does not always stay at the lowest position and oscillates around it with a sometimes large amplitude, and a frequency that slightly decreases with flow rate. We suggest that this striking behavior is linked to a gyroscopic instability in which the drop tries to keep constant its angular momentum while sliding along the jump

Quantifying effective slip length over micropatterned hydrophobic surfaces

We employ micro-particle image velocimetry ($\mu$-PIV) to investigate laminar micro-flows in hydrophobic microstructured channels, in particular the slip length. These microchannels consist of longitudinal micro-grooves, which can trap air and prompt a shear-free boundary condition and thus slippage enhancement. Our measurements reveal an increase of the slip length when the width of the micro-grooves is enlarged. The result of the slip length is smaller than the analytical prediction by Philip et al. [1] for an infinitely large and textured channel comprised of alternating shear-free and no-slip boundary conditions. The smaller slip length (as compared to the prediction) can be attributed to the confinement of the microchannel and the bending of the meniscus (liquid-gas interface). Our experimental studies suggest that the curvature of the meniscus plays an important role in microflows over hydrophobic micro-ridges.Comment: 8 page

Reversible Trapping of Colloids in Microgrooved Channels via Diffusiophoresis under Steady-State Solute Gradients

The controlled transport of colloids in dead-end structures is a key capability that can enable a wide range of applications, such as bio-chemical analysis, drug delivery and underground oil recovery. This letter presents a new trapping mechanism that allows the fast (i.e., within a few minutes) and reversible accumulation of sub-micron particles within dead-end micro-grooves by means of parallel streams with different salinity level. For the first time, particle focusing in dead-end structures is achieved under steady-state gradients. Confocal microscopy analysis and numerical investigations show that the particles are trapped at a flow recirculation region within the grooves due to a combination of diffusiophoresis transport and hydrodynamic effects. Counterintuitively, the particle velocity at the focusing point is not vanishing and, hence, the particles are continuously transported in and out of the focusing point. The accumulation process is also reversible and one can cyclically trap and release the colloids by controlling the salt concentration of the streams via a flow switching valve.Comment: Manuscript under review. 6 pages, 5 figures + Supplementary Informatio

Continuous Manipulation and Characterization of Colloidal Beads and Liposomes via Diffusiophoresis in Single- and Double-Junction Microchannels

We reveal a physical mechanism that enables the preconcentration, sorting, and characterization of charged polystyrene nanobeads and liposomes dispersed in a continuous flow within a straight micron-sized channel. Initially, a single Ψ-junction microfluidic chip is used to generate a steady-state salt concentration gradient in the direction perpendicular to the flow. As a result, fluorescent nanobeads dispersed in the electrolyte solutions accumulate into symmetric regions of the channel, appearing as two distinct symmetric stripes when the channel is observed from the top via epi-fluorescence microscopy. Depending on the electrolyte flow configuration and, thus, the direction of the salt concentration gradient field, the fluorescent stripes get closer to or apart from each other as the distance from the inlet increases. Our numerical and experimental analysis shows that although nanoparticle diffusiophoresis and hydrodynamic effects are involved in the accumulation process, diffusio-osmosis along the top and bottom channel walls plays a crucial role in the observed particles dynamics. In addition, we developed a proof-of-concept double Ψ-junction microfluidic device that exploits this accumulation mechanism for the size-based separation and size detection of nanobeads as well as for the measurement of zeta potential and charged lipid composition of liposomes under continuous flow settings. This device is also used to investigate the effect of fluid-like or gel-like states of the lipid membranes on the liposome diffusiophoretic response. The proposed strategy for solute-driven manipulation and characterization of colloids has great potential for microfluidic bioanalytical testing applications, including bioparticle preconcentration, sorting, sensing, and analysis

Spontaneous Breakdown of Superhydrophobicity

In some cases water droplets can completely wet micro-structured superhydrophobic surfaces. The {\it dynamics} of this rapid process is analyzed by ultra-high-speed imaging. Depending on the scales of the micro-structure, the wetting fronts propagate smoothly and circularly or -- more interestingly -- in a {\it stepwise} manner, leading to a growing {\it square-shaped} wetted area: entering a new row perpendicular to the direction of front propagation takes milliseconds, whereas once this has happened, the row itself fills in microseconds ({\it ``zipping''})Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter

Rotations d'une goutte dans un ressaut hydraulique circulaire

International audienceUne goutte dont la taille est de l'ordre de la longueur capillaire dans un ressaut circulaire peutêtre piégée le long du front. Elle ne coalesce pas avec le bain du même liquide. Dans le cas d'un ressaut formé sur une plaque horizontale, la goutte peut adopter deux comportements distincts : l'un périodique (la goutte orbite dans le ressaut), l'autre apériodique. Nous mettons enévidence expérimentalement la rotation propre de la goutte (duè a l'entraînement via le film d'air qui sépare la goutte et le ressaut) ; c'est un paramètre clé de cette dynamique. Nous caractérisons cette rotation propre et nous montrons, en particulier, que la loi de fréquence n'est pas cellè a laquelle on pourrait s'attendre avec un modèle simple de sphère dure entraînée par le liquideà travers un film d'air en cisaillement simple. Abstract. A drop of moderate size deposited inside a circular hydraulic jump remains trapped at the shock front and does not coalesce with the liquid flowing across the jump. For a horizontal plate on which the liquid is impacting, the drop exhibits two different motions : a periodic one (the drop orbitates around the jump) and an aperiodic one. We experimentally show that a key parameter is the internal rotation of the drop (across the air layer which separates the drop and the jump). We characterize this internal rotation, particularly, we show that the frequency law is not the one we can deduce from a simple model of rigid sphere driven by the liquid through a sheared air layer

The Zipping-wetting Dynamics at the Breakdown of Superhydrophobicity

Under some conditions water droplets can completely wet micro-structured superhydrophobic surfaces. The dynamics of this rapid process is investigated with ultra-high-speed imaging. Depending on the scales of the micro-structure, the wetting fronts propagate smoothly and circularly or – more interestingly – in a stepwise manner for a smaller periodicity of the microstructure. The latter phenomenon leads to a growing square-shaped wetted area: liquid laterally enters a new row on a slow timescale of milliseconds, once it happens the row then fills itself towards the sides in microseconds (“zipping”)