The Other Side of the Tracks

Industrial cities depend on the landscape to provide the conditions and resources necessary for their existence. In the process, this industry has eradicated the landscape. This thesis heals this landscape. Interstate 83 in Baltimore, Maryland epitomizes the affects of contemporary and historical infrastructure on a site. Roads, train tracks and sewers allows for efficient transportation and a measure of control over the elements; yet it does so with little sensitivity to the uniqueness of a place, local physical or historical connections and the natural processes that contribute to the health of people,organisms and landscapes. This thesis intends to use Baltimore and the I-83 corridor as testing grounds to assess and address issues present in a post industrial age of machines. This thesis analyzes aging industrial cities by proposing connections, defining edges, re-integrating natural processes and revealing the unique potential embodied in a place

Mixing Synchrotron Radiation And Laser Sources: Dual-comb Spectroscopy In The Submillimeter-wave Region

On the AILES beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron, the HEROES consortium is currently developing new spectrometers based on heterodyne mixing of the THz synchrotron radiation with dedicated laser sources. We report here the first results on one of these spectrometers that aims at exploiting the discrete nature of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) in the 100--1000 GHz region, revealed a few years ago by our team\footnote{Tammaro, S., Pirali, O., Roy, P., Lampin, J.F., Ducournau, G., Cuisset, A., Hindle, F., Mouret, G. "High density terahertz frequency comb produced by coherent synchrotron radiation" Nature Communications., 6: art. 7733. (2015)}, to perform dual-comb THz spectroscopy. CSR generated by the so called low-$\alpha$ mode of the SOLEIL machine produces a relatively intense, offset-free, high density frequency-comb in the THz range (THz-FC). We will present the details of our preliminary experimental set-up mixing the THz-FC from SOLEIL with an optical comb from Menlo C-fiber femtosecond laser. Pure rotation absorption transitions of acetonitrile in the frequency domain (covering the 100--500 GHz range) as well as time-domain free induction decays (FIDs) were observed allowing to establish the performances of this new instrument

Combined Visibility and Surrounding Triangles Method for Simulation of Crack Discontinuities in Meshless Methods

In this paper a combined node searching algorithm for simulation of crack discontinuities in meshless methods called combined visibility and surrounding triangles (CVT) is proposed. The element free Galerkin (EFG) method is employed for stress analysis of cracked bodies. The proposed node searching algorithm is based on the combination of surrounding triangles and visibility methods; the surrounding triangles method is used for support domains of nodes and quadrature points generated at the vicinity of crack faces and the visibility method is used for points located on the crack faces. In comparison with the conventional methods, such as the visibility, the transparency, and the diffraction method, this method is simpler with reasonable efficiency. To show the performance of this method, linear elastic fracture mechanics analyses are performed on number of standard test specimens and stress intensity factors are calculated. It is shown that the results are in good agreement with the exact solution and with those generated by the finite element method (FEM)

In-Vitro Assessment of the Acaricidal Properties of Artemisia annua and Zataria multiflora Essential Oils to Control Cattle Ticks

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the ‘acaricidal effect' of Zataria multiflora and Ar­temisia annua essential oils on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus.Methods: This study was carried out in 2009 in the Laboratory of Parasitology of the Faculty of Veteri­nary Medicine of Shahrekord University, west central Iran. Six dilutions (5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 µL/cm3) of both essential oils were used against engorged female R. (Boophilus) annula­tus ticks using an in vitro immersion method. The mortality rates for each treatment were re­corded 6, 15 and 24 hours post inoculation (hpi). Mortality rate was analyzed using Repeated Meas­ures Analysis of Variance, and compari­son of means was carried out using General Linear Models Procedure.Results: The mortality rate caused by different dilutions of Z. multiflora essential oil ranged from 26.6% (using 10 µL/cm3) to 100% (using 40 µL/cm3) and for A. annua essential oil it was 33.2 to 100% (using 20 and 80 µL/cm3, respectively) by the end of the experiment (36 hpi). No mortality was recorded for the non-treated control group or for dilutions less than 5 and 10 µL/cm3 using Zataria and Artemisia essential oils, respectively. For Z. multiflora mortality peaked at 15 hpi for all concentrations other than 20 µL/cm3 and took 24 h to achieve its maximum effect while for A. an­nua the two highest concentrations needed 24 hpi to reach their full effect. In addition, essen­tial oils applied at more than 20 and 60 µL/cm3 caused 100% egg-laying failure in engorged fe­male ticks by Zataria and Artemisia, respectively while no failure was observed for the non-treated control group. The mortality rate in both botanical acaricides was dose-dependent.Conclusion: Both these medicinal plants have high potential acaricidal effects on the engorged stage of R. (Boophilus) annulatus in vitro

PROGRESS AROUND THE HIGH RESOLUTION HETERODYNE SPECTROMETER OF THE AILES BEAMLINE

Our consortium\footnote{ANR "HEROES: HEterodyne Receivers OptimizEd for Synchrotron sources", Grant number 16-CE30-0020-03} is currently developing a new spectrometer on the AILES beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron facility to achieve sub-MHz resolution in the THz and far-IR regions. This spectrometer is based on heterodyne mixing of the far-IR synchrotron radiation with various local oscillators (LOs). In past years, we used a frequency multiplication chain to provide LO frequencies which enabled both a deep characterization of the spectral composition of the synchrotron emission\footnote{Tammaro, S., Pirali, O., Roy, P., Lampin, J.F., Ducournau, G., Cuisset, A., Hindle, F., Mouret, G. "High density terahertz frequency comb produced by coherent synchrotron radiation" Nature Communications, 6, 7733 (2015)} and the recording of its first Doppler limited absorption lines (of D$_2$O)\footnote{talk WI02, ISMS 2018}. We recently improved our set-up and measured absorption lines using a far-IR molecular laser pumped by a 10 $\mu$m QCL as the LO. The principle of the spectrometer, together with the first experimental results, will be presented in the talk

Effect of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff essential oil on promastigot form of Leishmania major (in vitro)

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania. In this study, the effects of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff essential oil on the promastigot form of Leishmania major were studied. Methods: In this study, the effects of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff essential oil on the promastigot form of Leishmania major were assessed by calculating the average number of surviving promastigots after exposure to different concentrations of essential oil, relative to the control Glucantime, at different time intervals. To achieve this, various essential oil concentrations (7.5 µl, 15 µl, 25 µl, 35.25 µl, 50 µl) were added to parasites. Different groups in this study were kept in a 26°C incubator under identical conditions. 24, 48 and 72 hours after incubation, living promastigots were counted. Results: The effect of the essential oil of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff differed from the negative and positive controls and depended on the concentration: higher concentrations (35.25 µl, 50 µl) had a stronger effect on promastigots, causing total mortality. Conclusion: This study showed that Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff essential oil had effects on promastigot form of Leishmania major. So it might be possible to use the essential oil of Kelussia odoratissima instead of chemical drugs

Chemical synthesis and high resolution spectroscopic characterization of 1-aza-adamantane-4-one c9h13no from the microwave to the infrared

\begin{wrapfigure}{l}{0pt} \includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{AzaAdamantanone.eps} %\caption{Calculated structure} \end{wrapfigure} We have synthesized 1-aza-adamantane-4-one (C$_9$H$_{13}$NO) starting from commercial 1,4-cyclohexanedionemonoethylene acetal and tosylmethylisocianide and following a procedure described in details in the literature.\footnote{Black, R. M. Synthesis, 1981, 829} The high degree of sample purity was demonstrated by gas chromatography and mass spectrometric measurements, and its structure evidenced by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. We present a thorough spectroscopic characterization of this molecule by gas phase vibrational and rotational spectroscopy. Accurate vibrational frequencies have been determined by infrared and far-infrared spectra. The pure rotational spectrum of the molecule has been recorded both by cavity-based Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy in the 2-20 GHz region, by supersonically expanding the vapor pressure of the warm sample, and by room-temperature absorption spectroscopy in the 140-220 GHz range. Quantum-chemical calculations have enabled a fast analysis of the spectra. Accurate sets of rotational and centrifugal distorsion parameters of 1-aza-adamantane-4-one in its ground state and five vibrationally excited states have been derived from these measurements

Infestation of an owl (Bubo bubo) with Lucilia spp.

Myiasis is an infestation of tissue with the larval stage of dipterous flies. This condition mostly affects the skin but may also occur in certain body cavities. It can occur in either animals or humans and is caused by parasitic dipterous fly larvae feeding on the host's necrotic or living tissue. This disease rarely effects birds especially owls. In this study, infestation of an owl with cutaneous myiasis is reported. In October 2008, a wounded owl was referred by the environmental department of Chaharmahal–Bakhtiary province to the clinic of veterinary science at Shahrekord University in west central Iran. At the initial examination, clinical signs were extensive with a wound under the right wing. The wound was infested with 40 white conical maggots, 3–9 mm in length, which led to a diagnosis of myiasis in the owl. The maggots were carefully collected from the wound using sterile forceps and were kept in 70% ethanol and transferred to the laboratory of parasitology where the diagnosis was undertaken by the observation of posterior and anterior spiracle and cephalopharyngeal apparatus. According to key diagnostic features for maggots in birds, the larvae were identified as Lucilia sericata and Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae). The wound was treated using usual acaricides, but due to the severity of the infestation and because of the delay in referring the animal to the clinic, it died 3 days post-treatment. This is the first report in Iran of an infestation of the Eurasian eagle owl (Bubo bubo) with L. sericata and L. cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae)