Zawartość i wydajność tłuszczu z nasion rzepaku jarego w warunkach nawożenia azotem i siarką

A three-year field experiment was conducted in northern Poland on degraded black soil, valuation class IIIb, with very high content of phosphorus and potassium, low content of sulphur, and neutral pH. The experiment was carried out in a split-block design with two factors, in four replications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different application rates of nitrogen (factor A: 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N·ha-1) and sulphur (factor B: 0, 20 and 60 kg S·ha-1), taking into account different means of its application (soil application before sowing and foliar application of sulphur) on the oil content and yield in seeds of the Star cultivar of rapeseed. Somewhat higher oil content and yield were observed in the case of soil application of sulphur than for foliar application. In each growing season nitrogen and sulphur applied independently significantly increased the oil content and yield from the seeds of spring rapeseed as compared to the control. Irrespective of the means of application, application of sulphur together with nitrogen generally resulted in higher oil content and yield than application of either of these nutrients alone, but their interaction was not confirmed statistically. The observed beneficial effect of sulphur applied alone and together with nitrogen on important criteria of spring rapeseed quality substantiates the need to include sulphur in fertilization of this species.W północnej Polsce przeprowadzono trzyletnie ścisłe doświadczenie polowe na czarnej ziemi zdegradowanej, klasy bonitacyjnej IIIb, o bardzo wysokiej zasobności w fosfor i potas, niskiej – w siarkę oraz o obojętnym odczynie. Doświadczenie realizowano w czterech powtórzeniach, w układzie równoważnych bloków z dwoma czynnikami. Celem badań była ocena wpływu zróżnicowanych dawek azotu (czynnik A – 0, 60, 120 i 180 kg N·ha-1) i siarki (czynnik B – 0, 20 i 60 kg S·ha-1) z uwzględnieniem różnych sposobów jej aplikacji (doglebowo przedsiewnie i dolistnie), na zawartość i wydajność tłuszczu z nasion rzepaku jarego odmiany Star. Wykazano, że nieco wyższa zawartość i wydajność tłuszczu charakteryzowała nasiona rzepaku jarego nawożonego siarką doglebowo niż dolistnie. Azot i siarka stosowane niezależnie od siebie (pojedynczo) w każdym sezonie wegetacyjnym istotnie zwiększały zawartość i wydajność tłuszczu z nasion rzepaku jarego w porównaniu z kontrolą. Niezależnie od sposobu aplikacji, zastosowanie siarki łącznie z azotem, pozwalało na ogół uzyskać wyższą zawartość i wydajność tłuszczu z nasion rzepaku niż wyłączna aplikacja badanych składników, jednak nie potwierdzono statystycznie współdziałania tych składników

Analysis and extension of a PEMFC model

A stationary, macro-homogeneous 1D through-plane model of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) has been developed by Vetter and Schumacher [1]. In this work, a sensitivity analysis for various parameters of this MEA model is carried out. 48 parameters are identified that impact the model behaviour through the parameterization of transport properties, electrochemistry and through operating conditions. All parameters have been varied over a decade and compared to the initial value to study the impact on the simulated I-V characteristic. If the variation outranged physically reasonable limits, the latter are applied as variation boundaries. In Fig.1 the variation of the electrical conductivity of the GDL sigma_e is shown as exemplary simulation result. The value is varied between 130 and 1300 S/m to account for data of different products types, e.g. from SGL Carbon [2], Toray [3], Freudenberg [4] and Ballard [5]. Fig.1 (a) depicts the polarisation curve with cell voltage U in V plotted over the current density i in A/cm². Two reference points at static cell voltages of Uref = 0.8 V with iref = 0.3 A/cm² (partial load) and Uref = 0.6 V with iref = 2.3 A/cm² (full load) are used in order to evaluate the specific parameter sensitivity. The colour legend depicts the varied parameter values. It can be seen that a higher electrical conductivity leads to a higher current density at equal cell voltage. In Fig.1 (b), the relative deviation of the current density at static cell voltage CCD = (i-iref)/iref is plotted over the varied parameter range. Passing the 0-line indicates passing the default parameter value. Thus, positive deviation stands for an increase and negative deviation for a decrease in performance. The relative deviation at 0.6 V reaches from -0.1 to 0.2, indicating a high sensitivity of the model to sigma_e at full load operation. For partial load conditions, the influence of sigma_e is lower than at full load, as expected from the domination of activation losses over ohmic losses at low current densities. 1. R. Vetter, J. O. Schumacher. Free open reference implementation of a two-phase PEM fuel cell model. Manuscript in preparation for Computer Physics Communications 2. SIGRACET® Gas Diffusion Layers for PEM Fuel Cells, Electrolyzers and Batteries. White Paper. SGL CARBON GmbH. Aug. 2016. 3. Toray Carbon Fiber Paper TGP-H. Technical Data. Accessed: 12. February 2018. FUEL CELL Store. 4. Freudenberg Gas Diffusion Layers for PEMFC DMFC. Technical Data. Freudenberg. Dec. 2014. 5. AvCarb Gas Diffusion Systems for Fuel Cells. Technical Data. AvCarb. Feb. 2013

Antazoline for rapid termination of atrial fibrillation during ablation of accessory pathways

Background and aim: To assess safety and efficacy of antazoline for termination of atrial fibrillation (AF) occurring during ablation of accessory pathways (AP).Methods: We analyzed electrophysiological mechanism of antazoline (changes in A-A interval) and the percentage of pre-excited QRS complexes before and after antazoline administration. The total dose administered and the time from the start of injection to sinus rhythm restoration were also measured.Results: Out of consecutive 290 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome undergoing radiofrequency (RF) ablation, 12 (4.1%) (4 females, mean age 36 ± 20 years) developed sustained AF which did not stop spontaneously within 10 min, and antazoline in 100 mg repeated boluses was administered. In all 12 patients the drug restored sinus rhythm after a mean of 425 ± 365 s (range 43–1245 s) using a mean cumulative dose of 176 ± 114 mg (range 25–400 mg). The drug slightly prolonged R-R intervals during AF (from 383 ± 106 to 410 ± 70 ms) and reduced the percentage of fully pre-excited QRS complexes (from 35% to 26%). Intracardiac recordings showed gradual increase in A-A intervals, as well as regularization and decreasing fractionation of atrial activity following drug injection (mean A-A interval of 162 ± 30 ms at baseline vs. 226 ± 26 ms shortly before sinus rhythm restoration, p < 0.001). AP was not completely blocked in any patient which enabled continuation of ablation.Conclusions: Antazoline safely and rapidly converts AF into sinus rhythm during ablation of AP. The drug does not block AP completely, enabling continuation of ablation. The drug converting AF into more organized atrial activity (atrial flutter/tachycardia) before sinus rhythm resumption.

Evaluation of some antropometric and clinical parameters in children with cystic fibrosis

The aim of this study was to evaluate some antropometric and clinical parameters in children with cystic fibrosis. Studies involved 34 patients with cystic fibrosis: 13 girls (38.24%) and 21 boys (61.76%) in the age of 6 to 18 (x ± SD = 12 ± 3,12 lat). Variables: antropometric measurements (height, body weight, circumference of the chest), spirometry, 6 minute walkin test (6MWT), pulse oximetry had been measured for 4 consecutive years. Significant difference was found in dynamics of change of body weight in boys with cystic fibrosis in comparison with healthy boys in the age: 9 -11 and 12 – 14 ( p< 0,001 and p< 0,03 respectively). Analogous differences were found in: dynamics of change of height in girls with cystic fibrosis in comparison to healthy girls in the age 12-14 (p<0.05) and in boys with cystic fibrosis in comparision to healthy boys in the age 9-11 (p< 0.001). Significant changes were observed in values of FEV1 and FVC EX in consecutive 4 years of observation (p<0.002) and p<0.002 respectively). Loss of saturation in subjects during 6 MWT was significant (p< 0,001); (x=2.69%). The mean of oxygen arterial blood saturation was 96.44% (initial level); 93.75% (post-test levels). There was correlation between the post – test level of saturation and circumference of the chest in girls with cystic fibrosis

Evaluation of same antropometric and clinical parameters in children with cystic fibrosis

The aim of this study was to evaluate some antropometric and clinical parameters in children with cystic fibrosis.Studies involved 34 patients with cystic fibrosis:13 girls(38.24%)and 21 boys (61.76%)intheageof 6 to 18 (x &plusmn; SD = 12 &plusmn; 3,12 lat). Variables: antropometric measurements (height, body weight, circumference of the chest), spirometry, 6 minute walkin test (6MWT), pulse oximetry had been measured for 4 consecutive years. Significant difference was found in dynamics of change of body weight in boys with cystic fibrosis in comparison with healthy boys in the age: 9-11 and 12-14 ( p< 0,001 and p< 0,03 respectively). Analogous differences were found in: dynamics of change of height in girls with cystic fibrosis in comparison to healthy girls in the age 12-14 (

Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Short-Term Outcome in Patients with Heart Failure and Cancer.

(1) Our study aimed to look at the clinical characteristics, treatment and short-term outcomes of patients hospitalized due to heart failure with coexisting cancer. (2) Methods: Seventy one cancer (Ca) patients and a randomly selected 70 patients without Ca, hospitalized due to heart failure exacerbation in the same time period constituted the study group (Ca patient group) and controls (non-Ca group), respectively. Data on clinical characteristics were collected retrospectively for both groups. (3) Results: Cancer patients presented with a less advanced NYHA class, had more frequent HFpEF, a higher peak troponin T level, and smaller left atrium size, as compared with controls. The in-hospital deaths of Ca patients were associated with: a higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, lower HgB level, worse renal function, higher K and AST levels, presence of diabetes mellitus, and HFpEF. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, impaired renal function was the only independent predictor of in-hospital death in Ca patients (OR-1.15; CI 1.05; 1.27); p = 0.017). The following covariates entered the regression: NYHA class, HgB, GFR, K+, AST, diabetes mellitus t.2, and HFpEF. (4) Conclusions: The clinical picture and the course of heart failure in patients with and without cancer are different

Characterization of in vitro and in vivo metabolism of antazoline using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Antazoline (ANT) was recently shown to be an effective and safe antiarrhythmic drug in the termination of atrial fibrillation. However, the drug is still not listed in clinical guidelines. No data on ANT metabolism in humans is available. We used liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to identify and characterize metabolites of ANT. We analyzed plasma of volunteers following a single intravenous administration of 100 mg of ANT mesylate and in in vitro cultures of human hepatocytes. We revealed that ANT was transformed into at least 15 metabolites and we investigated the role of cytochrome P450 isoforms. CYP2D6 was the main one involved in the fast metabolism of ANT. The biotransformation of ANT by CYP2C19 was much slower. The main Phase I metabolite was M1 formed by the removal of phenyl and metabolite M2 with hydroxyl in the para position of phenyl. Glucuronidation was the leading Phase II metabolism. Further study on pharmacokinetics of the metabolites would allow us to better understand the activity profile of ANT and to predict its potential clinical applications. Ultimately, further investigation of the activity profile of the new hydroxylated M2 metabolite of ANT might result in an active substance with a different pharmacological profile than the parent molecule, and potentially a new drug candidate

Tobacco smoking in Poland in the years from 2003 to 2014 : multi-centre National Population Health Examination Survey (WOBASZ)

The reduction of tobacco smoking remains a challenge for public health. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the prevalence and patterns of tobacco use in the adult population of Poles in the years from 2003 to 2014. Furthermore, changes in the smoking addiction, the declared reasons for smoking, as well as readiness and motivation to stop smoking were assessed. Based on data from the Polish studies WOBASZ and WOBASZ II, the analysis included 14 576 participants from the first study (6906 men and 7670 women) and 5696 participants from the second study (2578 men and 3118 women), aged between 20 and 74 years. According to the WOBASZ II study, 30% of men and 21% of women in Poland smoked, the rates being 9% and 4% lower for men and women, respectively, in comparison with the WOBASZ study (P <0.001). The average number of cigarettes smoked daily per smoker significantly decreased during the follow‑up period among men (from 17.9 to 15.8 cigarettes per day) and women (from 13.7 to 12.1 cigarettes per day). The percentage of men who never smoked increased from 29.8% to 36.1% (P <0.0001), while the proportion of women who never smoked did not change. However, the percentage of those expressing unwillingness to quit smoking nearly doubled in WOBASZ II in comparison with WOBASZ. Although the smoking rates in Poland have declined over the past decade, smoking remains prevalent among men and women. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize tobacco control in Poland, including fiscal policy, counseling and tobacco addiction treatment, as well as promotional and educational activities, with a special emphasis on the female population