26 research outputs found

    Indexação de matrizes e eliminação do Potato virus Y em plantas de batata cultivadas in vitro

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    Cultivares de batata (Solanum tuberosum L.) têm mostrado degenerescência causada por vírus após ciclos sucessivos do uso de tubérculos de campos comerciais como material propagativo. Este trabalho verifica a ocorrência de infecção simples e mista de quatro vírus da batata na Paraíba e apresenta adequação da técnica de cultivo in vitro para obtenção de material livre de Potato virus Y (PVY), incluindo uso de microestacas, termo e quimioterapia. Plantas de batata do cv. Baraka foram submetidas à indexação sorológica pelo teste "direct antigen coating" ELISA. Utilizaram-se antissoros contra o PVY, Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus S (PVS) e Potato leafroll virus (PLRV). Materiais com reação positiva para PVY foram submetidos a tratamentos visando à eliminação viral. Microestacas (1,0 cm de comprimento) com uma gema foram excisadas e inoculadas em meio nutritivo de Murashige & Skoog (MS), suplementado com 1,0 mg L-1 de cinectina, 0,00l mg L-1 de ácido naftaleno acético (ANA) e 0,1 mg L-1 de ácido giberélico (GA3). Termoterapia a 37ºC, durante 30 e 40 dias, promoveu a eliminação do PVY em 20,0 e 37,5% no material testado, respectivamente. A quimioterapia foi realizada com Ribavirin (RBV), 5-Azacitidina (AZA) e 3-Deazauridine (DZD). O RBV apresentou os melhores índices de erradicação de vírus com a obtenção de 55,5% de plantas sadias. Tratamentos simultâneos de termo e quimioterapia mostraram maior eficiência na eliminação viral, atingindo um percentual de plantas sadias da ordem de 83,3 com RBV, 70,0 com AZA e 50,0 com DZD.Potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) have shown degeneration or run out caused by viruses after several cycles of propagation using seed tubers from commercial fields. This work reports the occurrence of single and mixed infections of four potato viruses in Paraíba-Brazil and presents a method for Potato virus Y (PVY) elimination, by using thermo-and chemotherapies. Plants of potato cv. Baraka were tested by direct antigen coating ELISA. Antisera against PVY, Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus S (PVS), and Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) were used. Materials with positive reaction to PVY were treated for virus elimination. Single node cuttings (1.0 cm length) were excised and inoculated in Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium, supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 of kinetin, 0.001 mg L-1 of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid (GA3). The thermotherapy at approximately 37ºC, during 30 and 40 days, resulted in 20.0 and 37.5% PVY elimination, respectively. Chemotherapy was undertaken with Ribavirin (RBV), 5-Azacytidine (AZA), and 3-Deazauridine (DZD). The RBV showed the highest rate of virus eradication, with 55.5% virus-free plants. Simultaneous thermo and chemotherapy had higher efficiency for the elimination of PVY, reaching rates of healthy plants of 83.3% with RBV, 70.0% with AZA, and 50.0% with DZD

    Produção de anti‑soros policlonais a partir de proteínas capsidiais recombinantes de Grapevine leafroll‑associated virus 2 e Grapevine virus B

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    The objective of this work was to produce and characterize specific antisera against Brazilian isolates of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2) and Grapevine virus B (GVB), developed from expressed coat proteins (CPs) in Escherichia coli, and to test their possible use for the detection of these two viruses in diseased grapevines. The coat protein (CP) genes were RT-PCR-amplified, cloned and sequenced. The CP genes were subsequently subcloned, and the recombinant plasmids were used to transform E. coli cells and express the coat proteins. The recombinant coat proteins were purified, and their identities were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot and used for rabbit immunizations. Antisera raised against these proteins were able to recognize the corresponding recombinant proteins in Western blots and to detect GLRaV-2 and GVB in infected grapevine tissues, by indirect ELISA, discriminating healthy and infected grapevines with absorbances (A405) of 0.08/1.15 and 0.12/1.30, respectively. Expressing CP genes can yield high amount of viral protein with high antigenicity, and GLRaV-2 and GVB antisera obtained in this study can allow reliable virus disease diagnosis.O objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir e caracterizar anti-soros específicos contra isolados brasileiros do Vírus do enrolamento-da-folha da videira 2 (GLRaV-2) e do Vírus B da videira (GVB), desenvolvidos a partir das proteínas capsidiais expressas em Escherichia coli, e testar seu possível uso para a detecção destes dois vírus em videiras infectadas. Os genes da proteína capsidial (CP) foram amplificados via RT-PCR, clonados e seqüenciados. Foram, subseqüentemente, subclonados, e os plasmídeos recombinantes foram empregados na transformação das células de E. coli e na expressão das proteínas capsidiais. As proteínas capsidiais recombinantes foram purificadas, e suas identidades foram confirmadas em SDS-PAGE e "Western blot" e utilizadas para imunizar coelhos. Os anti-soros produzidos contra essas proteínas foram capazes de reconhecer as proteínas recombinantes correspondentes em "Western blot", de detectar GLRaV-2 e GVB em tecidos infectados de videiras pelo ELISA indireto, e de discriminar videiras sadias e infectadas, com absorbâncias (A405) de 0,08/1,15 e 0,12/1,30, respectivamente. A expressão dos genes CP pode produzir grandes quantidades de proteínas virais, com elevada antigenicidade, e os anti-soros de GLRaV-2 e GVB obtidos neste trabalho possibilitam a diagnose confiável desses vírus

    Desempenho agronômico de videiras com e sem sintomas de viroses, e comparação molecular de isolados virais

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    The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of viroses in symptomatic and asymptomatic grapevines on the agronomic variables related to the plant vigor and the enological quality of grapes, and to compare viral isolates obtained from these two conditions. Two experiments were performed with four cultivars. All plants were indexed by real time, reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR) for the probable occurrence of the following viruses: Grapevine virus A (GVA), Grapevine virus B (GVB), Grapevine virus D (GVD), Grapevine leafroll‑associated virus (GLRaV‑1 to ‑4, GLRaV‑4 strain 5), Grapevine rupestris stem pitting‑associated virus (GRSPaV), and Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV). The evaluated variables were: number of buds burst and not burst, number of branches with or without bunches, total number of buds, number of bunches, fresh bunch weight, total berry weight, rachis weight, number of berries per bunch, average berry weight, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, pH, pruned branch weight, or rootstock and scion trunk diameters. The negative effects were more pronounced on the plants with virus symptoms; however, it was observed that plants without symptoms were also often infected. The molecular analysis of GRSPaV, GVA, and GLRaV‑2, isolates from symptomatic and asymptomatic plants, resulted in a high percentage of nucleotide identities between homologous isolates.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de viroses em videiras sintomáticas e assintomáticas sobre as variáveis agronômicas relacionadas ao vigor das plantas e à qualidade enológica da uva, e comparar os isolados virais obtidos nessas duas condições. Realizaram-se dois experimentos com quatro cultivares. Todas as plantas foram indexadas, por meio da reação em cadeia da polimerase via transcrição reversa (RT‑PCR) em tempo real, quanto à provável ocorrência dos seguintes vírus: Grapevine virus A (GVA), Grapevine virus B (GVB), Grapevine virus D (GVD), Grapevine leafroll‑associated virus (GLRaV‑1 ao ‑4, GLRaV‑4 estirpe 5), Grapevine rupestris stem pitting‑associated virus (GRSPaV) e Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV). As variáveis avaliadas foram: número de gemas brotadas e não brotadas, número de ramos com ou sem cachos, número total de gemas, número de cachos, massa de cachos frescos, massa total de bagas, massa do engaço, número de bagas por cacho, massa média de baga, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável, pH, massa de ramos podados ou diâmetros do tronco do porta‑enxerto e da copa. Os efeitos negativos foram mais pronunciados nas plantas com sintomas de viroses; no entanto, constatou-se frequentemente que plantas sem sintomas também estavam infectadas. A análise molecular de GRSPaV, GVA e GLRaV‑2, isolados de plantas sintomáticas e assintomáticas, resultou em alta percentagem de identidade de nucleotídeos entre isolados homólogos

    Production of polyclonal antisera using recombinant coat proteins of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 and Grapevine virus B Produção de anti-soros policlonais a partir de proteínas capsidiais recombinantes de Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 e Grapevine virus B

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    The objective of this work was to produce and characterize specific antisera against Brazilian isolates of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2) and Grapevine virus B (GVB), developed from expressed coat proteins (CPs) in Escherichia coli, and to test their possible use for the detection of these two viruses in diseased grapevines. The coat protein (CP) genes were RT-PCR-amplified, cloned and sequenced. The CP genes were subsequently subcloned, and the recombinant plasmids were used to transform E. coli cells and express the coat proteins. The recombinant coat proteins were purified, and their identities were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot and used for rabbit immunizations. Antisera raised against these proteins were able to recognize the corresponding recombinant proteins in Western blots and to detect GLRaV-2 and GVB in infected grapevine tissues, by indirect ELISA, discriminating healthy and infected grapevines with absorbances (A405) of 0.08/1.15 and 0.12/1.30, respectively. Expressing CP genes can yield high amount of viral protein with high antigenicity, and GLRaV-2 and GVB antisera obtained in this study can allow reliable virus disease diagnosis.O objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir e caracterizar anti-soros específicos contra isolados brasileiros do Vírus do enrolamento-da-folha da videira 2 (GLRaV-2) e do Vírus B da videira (GVB), desenvolvidos a partir das proteínas capsidiais expressas em Escherichia coli, e testar seu possível uso para a detecção destes dois vírus em videiras infectadas. Os genes da proteína capsidial (CP) foram amplificados via RT-PCR, clonados e seqüenciados. Foram, subseqüentemente, subclonados, e os plasmídeos recombinantes foram empregados na transformação das células de E. coli e na expressão das proteínas capsidiais. As proteínas capsidiais recombinantes foram purificadas, e suas identidades foram confirmadas em SDS-PAGE e "Western blot" e utilizadas para imunizar coelhos. Os anti-soros produzidos contra essas proteínas foram capazes de reconhecer as proteínas recombinantes correspondentes em "Western blot", de detectar GLRaV-2 e GVB em tecidos infectados de videiras pelo ELISA indireto, e de discriminar videiras sadias e infectadas, com absorbâncias (A405) de 0,08/1,15 e 0,12/1,30, respectivamente. A expressão dos genes CP pode produzir grandes quantidades de proteínas virais, com elevada antigenicidade, e os anti-soros de GLRaV-2 e GVB obtidos neste trabalho possibilitam a diagnose confiável desses vírus

    Molecular characterization of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus isolated from rose in Brazil

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    ABSTRACT: There is no molecular characterization of Brazilian isolates of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), except for those infecting peach. In this research, the causal agent of rose mosaic was determined and the movement (MP) and coat (CP) protein genes of a PNRSV isolate from rose were molecularly characterized for the first time in Brazil. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of MP and CP complete genes were aligned and compared with other isolates. Molecular analysis of the MP and CP nucleotide sequences of a Brazilian PNRSV isolate from rose and others from this same host showed highest identities of 96.7% and 98.6%, respectively, and Rose-Br isolate was classified in PV32 group
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