Estudio comparativo del eje temático en español y chino

Este trabajo es un estudio comparativo entre un aspecto sintáctico concreto de la lengua española y la lengua china. Se trata del uso del tema como eje de la organización de la cláusula. El tema es un eje organizativo muy general que trasciende diferencias tipológicas, y que se mantiene como eje más o menos activo en las distintas lenguas. El chino y el español, pese a ser lenguas de una tipología morfológica muy distinta, comparten la vigencia del tema, con grandes similitudes y también diferencias en su uso. El presente trabajo compara estos usos en ambas lenguas tomando como fuente de datos dos obras literarias originales, una del chino y otra del español, y sus correspondientes traducciones

What Content PreK-8 Prospective Teachers Should Know and Why: Topic Recommendations for Content Courses

There is a long history of mathematics educators trying to answer the questions of what mathematics is essential to learn and why, including the mathematical education of prospective teachers. Determining the answer to these questions and conveying that answer convincingly are not always easy tasks for new mathematics teacher educators (MTEs). As an MTE’s career progresses (or in some cases as novice MTEs), they must also decide how much content is possible to cover in the context of one, two, or three semesters. That is, how deep is deep enough, and how much breadth is feasible? And how does an MTE make these decisions? To address these questions, we provide potential answers from three perspectives: policy, research, and textbook analysis. We begin with a brief summary of three policy documents: The Mathematical Education of Teachers II (MET-II) (CBMS, 2012), Standards for Preparing Teachers of Mathematics (SPTM) (AMTE, 2017), and the Statistical Education of Teachers (SET) (ASA, 2016). Drawing on these policy documents, a textbook analysis, the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM) (National Governors Association, 2010), and relevant research, we provide insights into how MTEs might choose topics for content courses, with the aim of aligning their teaching objectives with answers to why more math matters

Investigation on the influential mechanism of FA and GGBS on the properties of CO2-cured cement paste

In the present work, the synergetic effect of fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) on the early compressive strength and microstructure development of CO2-cured mortars was investigated. A rim of several micrometers was found around carbonated cement particles, which contained not only silica-rich gel but also crystal calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate formed around the cement particles were surrounded by an amorphous layer of around 3 nm, while no layers were observed around the calcite formed on FA or GGBS particles. The calcite formed on FA particles were hexagonal plate shaped, while the one on GGBS particles were rhombohedral shaped. The use of FA resulted in the increase of crystal size and crystallinity of calcite, while GGBS decreased the crystal size of calcite. The incorporation of FA and GGBS increased the calcite content and polymerization of silica-rich gel. However, this didn’t result in a higher compressive strength. This was due to the looser microstructure and nanopores within the carbonation products compared to the pure ordinary Portland cement sample. The compressive strength of the ternary binder system showed linear relationship with capillary pores and the crystal size of calcite. Moreover, the effect of GGBS on the compressive strength reduction was more obvious than that of FA.Investigation on the influential mechanism of FA and GGBS on the properties of CO2-cured cement pastepublishedVersio

Salamander limb regeneration involves the activation of a multipotent skeletal muscle satellite cell population

In contrast to mammals, salamanders can regenerate complex structures after injury, including entire limbs. A central question is whether the generation of progenitor cells during limb regeneration and mammalian tissue repair occur via separate or overlapping mechanisms. Limb regeneration depends on the formation of a blastema, from which the new appendage develops. Dedifferentiation of stump tissues, such as skeletal muscle, precedes blastema formation, but it was not known whether dedifferentiation involves stem cell activation. We describe a multipotent Pax7+ satellite cell population located within the skeletal muscle of the salamander limb. We demonstrate that skeletal muscle dedifferentiation involves satellite cell activation and that these cells can contribute to new limb tissues. Activation of salamander satellite cells occurs in an analogous manner to how the mammalian myofiber mobilizes stem cells during skeletal muscle tissue repair. Thus, limb regeneration and mammalian tissue repair share common cellular and molecular programs. Our findings also identify satellite cells as potential targets in promoting mammalian blastema formation

Effects of a PRECEDE-PROCEED Model-Based Intervention on Fatigue in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective:This research aimed to determine how a 12-week PRECEDE-PROCEED model-based intervention affected fatigue in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:This cluster randomized controlled trial recruited participants diagnosed with coronary heart disease at 2 community health centers in China. Participants in the control group (n = 36) received routine health education, whereas those in the intervention group (n = 38) were given a 12-week PRECEDE-PROCEED model-based intervention and routine health education. The intervention consisted of 6 training sessions on coronary heart disease, fatigue, fatigue management, self-management skills and social support. A primary outcome (fatigue) and 4 secondary outcomes (knowledge of fatigue, self-management, quality of life and body mass index) were assessed using the Fatigue Scale-14, Fatigue Cognitive Questionnaire for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease, Coronary Artery Disease Self-Management Scale, Chinese Cardiovascular Questionnaire of Quality of Life, and electronic weighing scale, respectively. Data were collected 3 times over 12 weeks.Results:Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed a statistically significant improvement in the level of fatigue (8.72 vs 7.06, P < .001), knowledge of fatigue (P < .001), self-management skills (P < .001), and quality of life (P < .001). However, there was no significant difference in body mass index between the 2 groups (P = .504).Conclusions:The findings suggest that a well-designed intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model could alleviate fatigue symptoms and increase knowledge of fatigue, self-management skills and quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease

Comparative study of multi-coupling models for geohazard risk assessment along mountain highway in the hilly areas of Jiangxi Province

Geological hazards along mountain highways affect the transportation and safety of residents in mountainous towns. Risk assessment comprehensively analyzes the contributing characteristics of the geological hazard-prone environment and triggering factors, which is crucial for highway disaster prevention and mitigation. Taking the lower section of the provincial highway Zhutoukengzi - Dukanxia road (S223) in Jiangxi Province as an example, four types of geologic hazard evaluation models were constructed based on frequency ratio (FR), coupled entropy index (EI), hierarchical analysis method (AHP) and the combination of the two (EI- AHP). For the development characteristics of the geological environment and geologic hazards along the highway, the natural slopes were selected and the geologic hazards are evaluated. AHP), to construct four kinds of geohazard risk evaluation models. For the geological environment and geohazard development characteristics along the highway, eight evaluation factors, such as natural slope, slope direction, topographic relief, slope morphology, slope cutting height, slope cutting gradient, stratigraphic lithology, and the relationship between faults and slopes were selected as the risk evaluation indexes, and the slope units were selected as the evaluation unit, and FR was used to quantify the evaluation factors, and AHP and EI were combined to calculate the evaluation factors. AHP and EI were used to calculate the subjective and objective weights of the evaluation factors, and the multi-coupling model based on FR was obtained by relying on the ArcGIS platform, and the geohazard hazard zoning maps along the highway with different evaluation models were drawn. The results show that the AUC values of the four evaluation models, FR, EI-FR, AHP-FR and EI-AHP-FR, are 0.746, 0.811, 0.836, 0.833, respectively, indicating that the AHP-FR evaluation model has the highest prediction accuracy and can effectively evaluate the risk of geologic hazards along the highway. The areas classified as high-risk, relatively high-risk, moderate-risk, relatively low-risk, and low-risk zones for the lower section of the Zhutoukengzi-Qukan road in Jiangxi Province were 0.295 km2, 0.570 km2, 1.509 km2, 0.354 km2, and 1.732 km2, respectively, accounting for 6.66%, 12.79%, 33.86%, 7.97%, and 38.71% of the total area. This study provided a comprehensive zoning of potential geological hazards along the S223 road, offering scientific geological reference for the safe construction and operation of roads

Particle Size Distribution and Depth to Bedrock of Chinese Cultivated Soils: Implications for Soil Classification and Management

Although a number of studies have provided information on soil texture, soil classification, and depth to bedrock throughout China, few studies have combined this information, which is the basis for agricultural field management. A total of 81% of China’s cultivated lands are distributed among the Middle–Lower Yangtze Plain (18.2%), arid and semiarid North China Plain (18.2%), Northeast Plain (17%), Huang-Huai-Hai Plain (16.1%), and Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau (11.6%). The Huang-Huai-Hai Plain has the highest density of agricultural land (58.5%) and the greatest depth to bedrock of cultivated land (243–402 m). The lowest cultivated depth to bedrock (4–84 m) is concentrated in the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding regions. The main cultivated soil types are Anthrosols, Fluvisols, Cambisols, Phaeozems, Luvisols, Kastanozems, Leptosols, and Acrisols, under the main topsoil texture classes of loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, silt loam, sandy loam, and clay. The Fluvisols had the largest depth to bedrock (156 m) on the Middle–Lower Yangtze Plain and Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, with the highest silt soil distributions but comparable lower sand contents. The Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau had the highest clay soil content. The cultivation under Kastanozems and Leptosols on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and in arid and semiarid North China and under Phaeozems on the Northeast Plain should be restricted and managed very cautiously facing erosion risk. The higher percentages of Anthrosols are on the Middle–Lower Yangtze Plain (37%), in Southern China (32%), and on the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau (26%). The same cultivation aim (i.e., more crop 0production) has produced a similar range of properties over time among the soils developed on agricultural fields, which are classified as Anthrosols. However, various soil types can still be found in agroecosystems because of the variations in climate and topography. Our results highlight that the agriculture-based soil climate and topography shape the interaction of the soil development and not only the pedogenic history of the soil development under variations in the soil depth to bedrock but also the cultivation of distinct pedogenic features. This study provides cultivated soil information on the depth to bedrock, soil classification, and soil texture in China, as well as instructions for field strategies for sustainable agricultural development