Benefits and Obstacles in Using Computational and Interactive Technologies in Education. an Insight From Teacher's Perspective (a Study on Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Schools)

Child-Computer Interaction (CCI) is a growing sub-field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). It concerns phenomena surrounding the interaction between children and computational and communication technologies. Presently, there is a shortfall of empirical studies for establishing a solid design framework for children educational products. This study aims to be an initial step for future empirical research to establish a framework for the design of educational products for children. The study examined the use of computational and interactive technologies in primary and lower secondary levels in Thai schools. In-depth interview was carried out with six teachers from four schools. The results substantiated that the use of technologies had benefits on the students at all levels. Several computational and interactive technologies were found to be used in the education, and mobile devices were the primary source that the students used to access electronic information outside the classroom. Using interactive technologies helped promoting in-class motivation, and helps reducing barrier between teachers and students. Peer-assisting behavior was prevalent among the students. Several obstacles have been addressed by the informants. Some of them were caused by students‘ behaviors. Some were related to hardware, infrastructure, and classroom layout. Some of the problems were related to language incompetence.

Safe Sexual Behavior: the Use of Condom Among Never Married Male Adolescents in Indonesia

The trend of premarital sex among adolescent, especially male in Indonesia has increasing gradually from 5 in 2002/2003 to 8 percent in 2012. In consequence 9 percent of adolescents experience unwanted pregnancy and 5 percent of them suffer for sexual transmitted diseases symptoms (BPS, 2012). The mixed of taboo discussion of condom use, limited access and limited adequate IEC material for never married adolescent had put Indonesian male youth at high risk of unsafe practice. However, there are some of male adolescent who use condom as safe sex practice. Therefore, the study aims to investigate factors affecting condom use at last sexual intercourse among never married male adolescent in Indonesia. Using secondary data from 2012 Indonesia Youth Adolescent Reproductive Health Survey, this study focus on male youth population for less indication of under reporting data. Total of 1,368 never married male adolescent aged 15-24 years old that has been engaged to premarital relationship are selected for this study.Further, logistic regression analysis for nonlinear probability model show that the past behavior of condom use is a strong predictor of condom use at last sex. Male adolescent who use condom at first sexual intercourse are 36 times more likely to use condom at last sexual intercourse. Also, the region of residence have strong impact on safe sex practice. Those who live in Kalimantan region, Java & Bali region and Sumatra region are 2 times more likely to use condom at last sex than those who located in Papua area. As the strong impact of safe practice at first encounter, it is suggested that futher study should be on consistent use of condom to prevent sexual transmitted disease and unwanted pregnancy.

‘Whatever we have is what we eat’: How marginalised urban populations in the Philippines and Thailand experienced their food environments, food security and diets through COVID-19

This qualitative cross-country comparative study investigated the lived experience of marginalised urban populations (unemployed, daily wage earners/street vendors, and internal/external migrants) in Manila (Philippines) and Bangkok (Thailand) on food environments, food security and diets during COVID-19. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals (n = 59) in April–May 2022. Thematic analysis revealed loss of income and strict mobility restrictions (Philippines) as key drivers of dietary changes and hunger. Common narratives included financial hardship, loss of personal agency, and daily survival. Coping strategies included drawing on social networks, cash and food aid, and ‘scheming’ around restrictions. Contextualised crisis policy planning should explicitly consider the lived experience of marginalised populations for future shocks

Engagement with family, peers, and Internet use and its effect on mental well-being among high school students in Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand

This study explores the correlation of the engagement in family activities (EFA), engagement in peer activities (EPA), Internet use, and mental well-being (MWB) among high school students aged 15–19 years in Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. This quantitative study was carried out using a multi-stage probability sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection from 1074 high school students in three schools during the 2012 academic year. The analysis shows that family and communication factors significantly affect high school students' MWB. Based on regression analysis, EFA are more important than other factors in explaining the variations in students' MWB. The results of this study support building EFA and EPA for enhancing MWB and reducing the risk of depression among youth

Rural Industrialization and Return Migration: A Case Study of Female Factory Workers in Northeast Thailand

This article focuses upon the role of small- and medium-scale rural factories with regard to the household economy and rural-urban migration. By conducting a survey of 202 female factory workers in Nang Rong, Buriram province, and focus group discussions with return migrants, we examine the contributions of factory employment that the workers perceive toward their household economy, as well as the potentiality that rural industrialization may reverse the rural-urban migration flow. We found that the rural residents appreciate the newly created job opportunities near their home villages and the majority utilize the income derived from their factory employment to supplement their parents\u27 and husbands\u27 income from the agricultural sector. Thus, the rural factory workers have begun to recognize the rural factory employment as an alternative to urban-bound migration in search of jobs. However, transcripts from focus group interviews also reveal that rural young women have other migration intentions than economically driven motives; they migrate to Bangkok with strong desire to experience the modern life style of the mega-city

SUHARTO’S POPULATION POLICY IN CONTEMPORARY INDONESIA : FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAM, MARRIAGE ACT OR COMPULSORY EDUCATION HAS THE GREATEST IMPACT TO FERTILITY DECLINE?

Fertility in Indonesia has been falling significantly, from an average total fertility rate of 5.6 children per women in 1970s to 4.1 in 1980, and 2.6 in 2010. This paper attempts to explore which and how Suharto’s population policies have played role in Indonesia’s fertility decline. Whilst the adoption of modern contraceptive was perceived as the major determinant of fertility decline in Indonesia, changes in Indonesia’s political order and socio-economic development also contribute a considerable effect to Indonesians’ familial norms. The implementation of 9-year compulsory education had placed a strong foundation for the future Indonesian human capital and enabled women to obtain higher opportunities for schooling. Beside facilitates the diffusion of ideas among young people and opened up their perspective toward reproductive rights and self actualization, education also increases women’s opportunities to participate in laborforce. With the increasing roles outside the domestic sector, delaying age of marriage and limiting family size becomes a choice for women in contemporary Indonesia. The marriage act, however, was perceived as an accelerator rather than a predictor in increasing age of first marriage. Regardless the existence of the Marriage Law 1974, age of first marriage is likely to increase with increasing of education, although maybe in a slower rate

Correlates of Parents’ Readiness towards Inperson Schooling among Senior High School Students during COVID-19 Pandemic in Central Java, Indonesia

During the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person schoolings has been allowed since July 2021, especially for senior high schools. However, school clusters of COVID-19 happened in Central Java Province. This study aimed to analyze factors correlated to parents’ readiness toward in-person schooling during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted for 2 weeks on June-July 2021. The population was parents with senior high school students in Central Java Province. The questionnaire's link was shared through Education Office’s parents’ networks throughout Central Java. There were 1,520 respondents participated. Most respondents permit their children to in-person schooling (75.66%). Respondents were from 14 cities in Central Java, and most of them were from Pemalang (41.1%). Most respondents have good knowledge of COVID-19 (73.3%), good perception of COVID-19 (59.4%), high self-efficacy (57.2%), and sufficient parents’ readiness (64.4%). The Chi-Square test showed that education level (p=0.000), occupation (p=0.008), city of origin (p=0.000), and self-efficacy (p=0.000) were correlated to parents’ readiness. The multivariate analysis showed that education level (OR=1.246), occupation (OR=0.683), city of origin (OR=1.032), and self-efficacy (OR=1.263) affecting parents’ readiness. After controlling the education level, occupation, and city of origin, self-efficacy remains contributing to parents’ readiness for in-person schooling