TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

The visual communication in the optonometric scales La comunicación visual en las escalas optométricas A comunicação visual nas escalas optométricas

Communication through vision involves visual apprenticeship that demands ocular integrity, which results in the importance of the evaluation of visual acuity. The scale of images, formed by optotypes, is a method for the verification of visual acuity in kindergarten children. To identify the optotype the child needs to know the image in analysis. Given the importance of visual communication during the process of construction of the scale of images, one presents a bibliographic, analytical study aiming at thinking about the principles for the construction of those tables. One considers the draw inserted as an optotype as a non-verbal symbolic expression of the body and/or of the environment constructed based on the caption of experiences by the individual. One contests the indiscriminate use of images, for one understands that there must be previous knowledge. Despite the subjectivity of the optotypes, the scales continue valid if one adapts images to those of the universe of the children to be examined.<br>La comunicación que ocurre a través de la visión abarca el aprendizaje visual que depende de la integridad ocular, por eso es relevante la evaluación de su acuidad. La escala de figuras, formada por optotipos, es un método usado para verificar la acuidad visual en preescolares. Para identificar el opto-tipo, el niño necesita conocer la figura en análisis. Debido a la importancia de la comunicación visual durante el proceso de construcción de las escalas de figuras, se presenta un estudio bibliográfico analítico, cuyo objetivo es el de reflexionar sobre los principios de construcción de estas tablas. El dibujo inserido como opto-tipo se considera una expresión no verbal del cuerpo y/o del ambiente, construido mediante captación de experiencias por el individuo. Se cuestiona el uso indiscriminado de las figuras, pues conforme se entiende debe existir un conocimiento previo de las mismas. A pesar de la subjetividad de los optotipos, las escalas siguen siendo válidas, siempre que se adecuen las figuras o sea aquellas del universo de los niños que serán examinados.<br>A comunicação que ocorre por meio da visão envolve o aprendizado visual, que depende da integridade ocular; daí a relevância da avaliação da sua acuidade. Um dos métodos para a verificação da acuidade visual em pré-escolares é a escala de figuras, formada por optótipos. Para identificar o optótipo, a criança precisa conhecer a figura em análise. Dada a importância da comunicação visual, durante o processo de construção das escalas de figuras, apresenta-se um estudo bibliográfico analítico, objetivando refletir sobre os princípios de construção dessas tabelas. Considera-se o desenho inserido como optótipo uma expressão simbólica não-verbal do corpo e/ou do ambiente, construído mediante captação de experiências pelo indivíduo. Contesta-se o uso indiscriminado das figuras, pois, conforme se entende, deve haver um conhecimento prévio. Apesar da subjetividade dos optótipos, as escalas continuam válidas, desde que se adequem as figuras àquelas do universo das crianças a serem examinadas

Promoção em saúde mental: a enfermagem criando e intervindo com histórias infantis Promoción de la salud mental: la enfermería la creación e la intervención con los cuentos infantiles Promotion in mental health: nursing creating and intervening with children's stories

Este trabalho refere-se à importância das histórias infantis enquanto instrumento, para a ação de enfermagem e a promoção da saúde mental na infância. Objetivou-se verificar o (re)conhecimento das emoções de crianças, através de histórias específicas para a saúde. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório de natureza qualitativa, realizado em sete encontros de grupo com seis crianças de sete a dez anos, em um ambulatório de saúde mental infantil. Na coleta de dados utilizaram-se como instrumentos: seis histórias infantis, o jogo das emoções, as carinhas emotivas, desenhos, pinturas e esculturas em argila. Utilizou-se a análise temática, na qual emergiu o tema: o (re)conhecimento das emoções. As crianças reconheceram quatro emoções básicas: tristeza, alegria, medo e raiva. Constatou-se no estudo que a criação de histórias contextualizadas e a estratégia do grupo de contação podem ser úteis como ferramenta para a pesquisa e qualificação das ações de enfermagem na promoção de saúde mental infantil.<br>Este artículo se refiere a la importancia de los cuentos infantiles como una herramienta para la acción de enfermería y la promoción de la salud mental en la infancia. Se buscó verificar el reconocimiento de las emociones, a través de historias específicas para la salud. Es un estudio cualitativo y descriptivo-exploratorio, fueron realizados siete encuentros con seis niños, entre siete y diez años, de un servicio de salud mental infantil. En la recogida de datos se utilizaron: seis historias infantiles, el juego de emociones, caras emotivas, diseños, pinturas y esculturas en arcilla. Se utilizó el análisis temático, en el que surgió: el reconocimiento de las emociones. Ellos reconocen cuatro emociones: tristeza, alegría, miedo y rabia. La creación de historias contextualizadas y la estrategia del grupo de narración de cuentos, puede ser útil como herramienta para la investigación y cualificación de las acciones de enfermería en la promoción de salud mental.<br>This paper refers to the importance of the childish stories as an instrument, for the nursing action and the mental health promotion in childhood. The objective was to verify the recognition of the emotions of children, through stories specific to health. This is a descriptive-exploratory study by qualitative nature, conducted in seven groups meetings with six children aged seven to ten years in an outpatient childish mental health. In the data collection were used as instruments: six fairy tales, the play of emotions, emotional faces, drawings, paintings and clay sculptures. It was used thematic analysis, in which emerged: the recognition of emotions. The children recognized four basics emotions: sadness, joy, fear and anger. It was found in the study that the creation of contextualized stories and the strategy of storytelling group may be useful as a tool for research and qualification of nursing actions, to promote children's mental health