33 research outputs found
Effect of physical stress on the Prawn Penaeus indicus H. Milne Edwards.
In intensive and semi-intensive aquaculture practices the animals are under stress conditions. These stress factors can be environmental, biotic and abiotic, toxic or manmade. Environmental changes leading to stressful situation have been shown to alter the animals respiration and metabolism to a great extent. In addition, procedures adopted in aquaculture techniques such as handling of animals, confinement, transport and disease treatments cause a variable degree of trauma in them. These factors can adversely affect the overall production of animals in a culture syste
Biofilm developed on plant substrates enhances growth and survival of post larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii
A five-week laboratory experiment was conducted
to evaluate the efficacy of plant-based substrates for
biofilm production and their effect on water quality
as well as growth and survival of freshwater prawn
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) postlarvae.
The experiment consisted of three treatments
with a control, each with three replicates following
a completely randomized design. The substrates
evaluated were dried sugarcane bagasse (T1), paddy
straw (T2) and Eichhornia (T3). Tanks without
substrates acted as control. Seven days after the
introduction of substrates at the rate of 300 g /tank,
post-larvae were stocked at 40 nos/m2. The mean
initial length and weight of the post-larvae was
10.3 mm and 0.008 g, respectively. The post-larvae
were fed with commercial pellet feed (30% protein)
at 20% of initial biomass. Results revealed
significantly higher (p<0.05) levels of total ammonia-
nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen in
the control tanks (0.07 ±.004 mg L-1; 0.03 ±.01 mg
L-1; 1.40 ±.05 mg L-1, respectively) compared to
treatment tanks. Addition of natural substrates
enhanced survival and growth of post-larvae with
highest growth recorded in paddy straw (0.15 ±0.05
g) followed by sugarcane bagasse (0.14±0.04 g) and
Eichhornia (0.10±0.01 g) treatment. The enhancement
of growth of PL in natural substrate corresponds to
the heterotrophic bacteria that are using the
substrate, probably as a food resource and as a
probiotic. Further, there was no water exchange
during the experimental period, which indicated
that the presence of a biofilm reduces the necessity of water exchange and saves water during the postlarval
rearing of M. rosenbergii at this density
XVI Agricultural Science Congress 2023: Transformation of Agri-Food Systems for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
The XVI Agricultural Science Congress being jointly organized by the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences
(NAAS) and the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) during 10-13 October 2023, at hotel Le Meridien,
Kochi, is a mega event echoing the theme “Transformation of Agri-Food Systems for achieving Sustainable
Development Goals”. ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute takes great pride in hosting the XVI ASC,
which will be the perfect point of convergence of academicians, researchers, students, farmers, fishers, traders,
entrepreneurs, and other stakeholders involved in agri-production systems that ensure food and nutritional security
for a burgeoning population.
With impeding challenges like growing urbanization, increasing unemployment, growing population, increasing
food demands, degradation of natural resources through human interference, climate change impacts and natural
calamities, the challenges ahead for India to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set out by the
United Nations are many. The XVI ASC will provide an interface for dissemination of useful information across all
sectors of stakeholders invested in developing India’s agri-food systems, not only to meet the SDGs, but also to
ensure a stable structure on par with agri-food systems around the world.
It is an honour to present this Book of Abstracts which is a compilation of a total of 668 abstracts that convey the
results of R&D programs being done in India. The abstracts have been categorized under 10 major Themes – 1.
Ensuring Food & Nutritional Security: Production, Consumption and Value addition; 2. Climate Action for Sustainable
Agri-Food Systems; 3. Frontier Science and emerging Genetic Technologies: Genome, Breeding, Gene Editing;
4. Livestock-based Transformation of Food Systems; 5. Horticulture-based Transformation of Food Systems; 6.
Aquaculture & Fisheries-based Transformation of Food Systems; 7. Nature-based Solutions for Sustainable AgriFood Systems; 8. Next Generation Technologies: Digital Agriculture, Precision Farming and AI-based Systems; 9.
Policies and Institutions for Transforming Agri-Food Systems; 10. International Partnership for Research, Education
and Development.
This Book of Abstracts sets the stage for the mega event itself, which will see a flow of knowledge emanating
from a zeal to transform and push India’s Agri-Food Systems to perform par excellence and achieve not only the
SDGs of the UN but also to rise as a world leader in the sector. I thank and congratulate all the participants who
have submitted abstracts for this mega event, and I also applaud the team that has strived hard to publish this
Book of Abstracts ahead of the event. I wish all the delegates and participants a very vibrant and memorable
time at the XVI ASC
Effects of acute salinity stress on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates of the marine shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros
The present investigation was undertaken to study the effect of an abrupt change in the salinity of the medium on the oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion of the marine penaeid shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius). Results showed that in both low-saline (5‰) as well as high-saline (35‰) acclimated shrimps the respiratory rates were significantly lower in midrange salinities (20‰ and 25‰) and significantly higher in both low (5‰, 10‰, and 15‰) and high (30‰ and 35‰) salinities. A significant increase in ammonia-N excretion was observed when high-saline acclimated shrimps were abruptly exposed to different grades of low-saline media. Exposure to different grades of high-saline media on the other hand induced a significant decrease in ammonia excretion rate of low-saline acclimated shrimps. The O:N ratio (ratio of oxygen consumed to nitrogen excreted in atomic equivalents) showed a decreasing trend when the high-saline acclimated shrimps were abruptly exposed to low-saline media, indicating a shift towards protein dominated metabolism. A reverse trend could be observed in the O:N ratio when the shrimps were exposed to high-saline media indicating a shift towards lipid dominated metabolism in high salinities. Thus, there appears to be a shift in energy substrate utilization in these shrimps from protein dominated metabolism in low salinities (5‰, 10‰, 15‰ and 20‰) to lipid/carbohydrate dominated metabolism in high salinities (25‰, 30‰ and 35‰)
Development of Quality Captive Broodstock of Giant RIver Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii
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A Comparative Study of the Anthelmintic Potential of Cleome Viscosa L. and Cleome Burmanni W. and A.
Methanol, aqueous and chloroform extracts of Cleome viscosa and Cleome burmanni were tested for anthelmintic potential against the Indian earthworm Pheritima posthuma. Different concentrations of the extracts ranging from 50-2000 μg/ml were tested and results expressed as time required for paralysis and death of the worms. Piperazine citrate was used as a reference standard and DMSO (1%) as the negative control. The methanol extracts of Cleome viscosa and Cleome burmanni exhibited significant anthelmintic activity. Methanol extract of Cleome viscosa at a concentration of 2000 μg/ml was detected to be the most effective treatment dose. Thin layer chromatography of methanol extracts of both plants revealed the presence of terpenoids