8 research outputs found

    Optimization modeling and development of separation, heat and mass transfer equipment of the unit for production of liquid nitrogen fertilizers

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    According to the Report of the European Commission Joint Research Centre announced in 2015 raise of prices on nitrogen fertilizers is one of the biggest challenges which increase the food problem worldwide. The main reason for this is high energy consumption of the production process of solid nitrogen fertilizers. While production of liquid nitrogen fertilizers is 30-40% cheaper than manufacturing of complex concentrated water soluble fertilizers. In the agriculture of the United States about 50% of all nitrogen fertilizers are used in liquid form. One of such fertilizer types is ammonia water with ammonia concentration which is 25% min. But using of this liquid nitrogen fertilizer is economically efficient at a short distance from the production plant and manufacturing of liquid nitrogen fertilizers with high nitrogen content is a significant challenge for the chemical industry of Ukraine and the EU

    Chickenpox in Children: Features of Treatment

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    We observed 96 children with chickenpox aged from 2 weeks to 17 years. These patients had violations of interferon and cytokine status. Inclusion of Laferobionum into complex of treatment for chickenpox in children contributes to a more rapid involution of the main symptoms of the disease, normalizes initially altered level of interferon gamma and levels of major cytokines — interleukin-2, -4, -6, -8, -10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha

    Cross-sections for photonuclear reactions ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵐNb and ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵗNb in the end-point bremsstrahlung energies 36…91 MeV

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    The flux-weighted averaged over the energy range of bremsstrahlung spectrum from reaction threshold up to the maximum energy of γ-ray cross-sections of the ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵐNb and ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵗNb photonuclear reactions were determined by the gamma-activation method within the end-point bremsstrahlung energies Еγmax = 36…91 MeV. Activation of ⁹³Nb targets has been done by a bremsstrahlung flux using an electron beam at the linear accelerator LUE-40 at RDC “Accelerator” NSC KIPT. The γ-ray spectra of irradiated targets were registered using the HPGe detector with an energy resolution of 1.8 keV for the 1332 keV line ⁶⁰Co. To control the bremsstrahlung flux we used ⁿᵃᵗMo witness-targets and a reaction cross-section of ¹⁰⁰ Mo(γ,n)⁹⁹Mo. Obtained experimental cross-sections of the studied reactions are in good agreement with the theoretical values calculated within TALYS 1.9 code and the results of other authors. The averaged cross-sections of the ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵐNb and ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵗNb reactions in the energy range 35…45 MeV and > 70 MeV were obtained for the first time.Виміряні усереднені за гальмівним спектром перерізи фотоядерних реакцій ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵐNb і ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵗNb в енергетичному інтервалі від порога реакції до граничних енергій Еγmax = 36…91 MeV. Дослідження проведені на пучку лінійного прискорювача електронів ЛУЕ-40 НІК «Прискорювач» ННЦ ХФТІ з використанням мішеней ⁹³Nb та за допомогою гамма-активаційного методу. Спектри γ-випромінювання активованих зразків реєструвалися HPGe-детектором з енергетичним розрізненням 1,8 кеВ по лінії 1332 кеВ ⁶⁰Co. Для контролю потоку гальмівних γ-квантів використовувалися мішені-свідки з натурального молібдену і переріз реакції ¹⁰⁰Mo(γ,n)⁹⁹Mo. Експериментальні перерізи досліджуваних реакцій знаходяться в задовільному узгодженні з теоретичними значеннями, отриманими за допомогою програмного коду TALYS 1.9 з параметрами за замовчуванням. Перерізи реакцій ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵐNb і ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵗNb у діапазоні 35… 45 MэВ и >70 MэВ виміряні вперше.Измерены усредненные по тормозному γ-спектру сечения фотоядерных реакций ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵐNb и ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵗNb в энергетическом интервале от порога реакции до граничных энергий Еγmax = 36…91 MeV. Исследования проведены на пучке линейного ускорителя электронов ЛУЭ-40 НИК «Ускоритель» ННЦ ХФТИ с использованием мишеней ⁹³Nb и с применением гамма-активационного метода. Спектры γ-излучения облученных образцов регистрировались HPGe-детектором с энергетическим разрешением 1,8 кэВ по γ-линии 1332 кэВ ⁶⁰Co. Для контроля потока тормозных γ-квантов использованы мишени-свидетели из натурального молибдена и сечение реакции ¹⁰⁰Mo(γ,n)⁹⁹Mo. Экспериментальные сечения исследуемых реакций находятся в удовлетворительном согласии с теоретическими значениями, полученными при использовании программного кода TALYS 1.9 с параметрами по умолчанию. Сечения для реакций ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵐNb и ⁹³Nb(γ,n)⁹²ᵗNb в области 35…45 MэВ и > 70 MэВ измерены впервые

    Optimization modeling and development of separation, heat and mass transfer equipment of the unit for production of liquid nitrogen fertilizers

    Get PDF
    According to the Report of the European Commission Joint Research Centre announced in 2015 raise of prices on nitrogen fertilizers is one of the biggest challenges which increase the food problem worldwide. The main reason for this is high energy consumption of the production process of solid nitrogen fertilizers. While production of liquid nitrogen fertilizers is 30-40% cheaper than manufacturing of complex concentrated water soluble fertilizers. In the agriculture of the United States about 50% of all nitrogen fertilizers are used in liquid form. One of such fertilizer types is ammonia water with ammonia concentration which is 25% min. But using of this liquid nitrogen fertilizer is economically efficient at a short distance from the production plant and manufacturing of liquid nitrogen fertilizers with high nitrogen content is a significant challenge for the chemical industry of Ukraine and the EU

    REAGENTS FOR THE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF NICKEL: A REVIEW

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