Kroonilise tonsilliidi patogeneesi uuringud kui alus tonsillektoomia objektiivsete kriteeriumite leidmiseks

Kroonilise tonsilliidi (KT) ägenemiste sagedust aastas tonsillektoomia näidustusena on täiskasvanute puhul peetud vähe usaldusväärseks. Käesolevas töös uuriti, milliseid anamnestilisi andmeid, neelupiirkonna vaatluse tunnuseid ja laboratoorsete uuringute tulemusi võtavad kõrva-nina-kurguarstid arvesse KTga täiskasvanute suunamisel tonsillektoomiale. Eesti Arst 2005; 84 (8): 531–54

Transmission electron microscopy of the crypt epithelium of palatine tonsils showed coccoid forms of bacteria within epithelial cells (original ×10000)

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Selection of indicators for tonsillectomy in adults with recurrent tonsillitis"</p><p>BMC Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders 2005;5():7-7.</p><p>Published online 13 Sep 2005</p><p>PMCID:PMC1242222.</p><p>Copyright © 2005 Kasenõmm et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p

Damage of tight junctions between epithelial cells, with remaining desmosomes only on the projections, led to formation of free spaces between adjacent epithelial cells (original ×7000)

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Selection of indicators for tonsillectomy in adults with recurrent tonsillitis"</p><p>BMC Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders 2005;5():7-7.</p><p>Published online 13 Sep 2005</p><p>PMCID:PMC1242222.</p><p>Copyright © 2005 Kasenõmm et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p

The intact crypt epithelium contained neutrophilic granulocytes and other nonepithelial cells, which were tightly packed between epithelial cells (original ×2100)

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Selection of indicators for tonsillectomy in adults with recurrent tonsillitis"</p><p>BMC Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders 2005;5():7-7.</p><p>Published online 13 Sep 2005</p><p>PMCID:PMC1242222.</p><p>Copyright © 2005 Kasenõmm et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p

High power magnification showed that the gaps between epithelial cells were occupied by degenerating granulocytes and their intact granules (original ×27000)

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Selection of indicators for tonsillectomy in adults with recurrent tonsillitis"</p><p>BMC Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders 2005;5():7-7.</p><p>Published online 13 Sep 2005</p><p>PMCID:PMC1242222.</p><p>Copyright © 2005 Kasenõmm et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p

Formulation of Stable and Homogeneous Cell-Penetrating Peptide NF55 Nanoparticles for Efficient Gene Delivery In Vivo

Although advances in genomics and experimental gene therapy have opened new possibilities for treating otherwise incurable diseases, the transduction of nucleic acids into the cells and delivery in vivo remain challenging. The high molecular weight and anionic nature of nucleic acids require their packing into nanoparticles for the delivery. The efficacy of nanoparticle drugs necessitates the high bioactivity of constituents, but their distribution in organisms is mostly governed by the physical properties of nanoparticles, and therefore, generation of stable particles with strictly defined characteristics is highly essential. Using previously designed efficient cell-penetrating peptide NF55, we searched for strategies enabling control over the nanoparticle formation and properties to further improve transfection efficacy. The size of the NF55/pDNA nanoparticles correlates with the concentration of its constituents at the beginning of assembly, but characteristics of nanoparticles measured by DLS do not reliably predict the applicability of particles in in vivo studies. We introduce a new formulation approach called cryo-concentration, where we acquired stable and homogeneous nanoparticles for administration in vivo. The cryo-concentrated NF55/pDNA nanoparticles exhibit several advantages over standard formulation: They have long shelf-life and do not aggregate after reconstitution, have excellent stability against enzymatic degradation, and show significantly higher bioactivity in vivo