BecA-ILRI Hub capacity building program: Empowering African scientists and institutions to solve Africa’s agricultural challenges

<p>Bars show medians, *p<0.05, **p<0.01 Dunn's tests vs. controls. # p<0.05 two-tails, Mann-Whitney -test vs. controls.</p

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the association between OCT3 expression and FOLFOX-4 response.

<p>x-axis: 1-specificity, y-axis: sensitivity.</p

Distribution and median of H-scores for OCT1, 2, 3, CTR1, ATP7B and Ki-67 for responder and non-responder patients.

<p>(NS: not significant, p>0.05; ***: p<0.001).</p

Immunostaining of oxaliplatin transporters on paraffin sections of colon tumors.

<p>Various intensity of immunostaining: (<b>A</b>) Negative control, (<b>B)</b> high expression (3+) of OCT1, (<b>C</b>) OCT2, (<b>D</b>) OCT3, (<b>E</b>) CTR1 and (<b>F</b>) ATP7B (x400; scale bar = 25μm).</p

Immunostaining of OCT3 on paraffin sections of normal colon.

<p>Various intensity of immunostaining: (<b>A</b>) no expression in a responder patient, (<b>B)</b> high expression of a responder patient, (<b>C</b>) no expression in a non-responder patient, (<b>D</b>) high expression in a non-responder patient, (x400; scale bar = 25μm).</p

Flow Chart of patient selection.

<p>Patients were identified and selected from the database of the Digestive Surgery Unit between 2006 and 2013.</p

Effect of gastric electrical stimulation (GES) on c-fos expression in the T9/T10 dorsal horn of spinal cord after T5/T6 transection.

<p>A, B, C, D. Representative photomicrographs illustrating expression of c-fos protein in the dorsal horn of spinal cord following either gastric distension (GD; 60 mmHg for 2 hours; B, D) or sham GD (A, C) during GES (C, D) or sham GES (A, B). Scale bar = 100 µm. E. Quantification of the number of c-fos immunoreactive cells in the dorsal horn of spinal cord with the median shown as a black line. **: p<0.01 vs the other groups.</p

Effect of gastric electrical stimulation (GES) on c-fos expression in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS).

<p>A, B, C, D. Representative photomicrographs illustrating expression of c-fos protein in the NTS following either gastric distension (GD; 60 mmHg for 2 hours; B, D) or sham GD (A, C) during GES (C, D) or sham GES (A, B). Scale bar = 100 µm. E. Quantification of the number of c-fos immunoreactive cells in the NTS with the median shown as a black line. **: p<0.01 vs the other groups.</p

Effect of gastric electrical stimulation (GES) on the variation of blood pressure (BP).

<p>A, B, C. Variation of BP in response to graded gastric distension (GD) of 20, 40, 60, 80 mmHg: a first set of GD was performed without stimulation (Baseline) then followed by a second set of GD, during either sham (OFF; A) or effective electrical stimulation (ON) of the stomach (B) or the caecum (C). D. Variation of the intra-gastric volume according to the intra-gastric pressure during the different levels of gastric distension without (OFF) and under gastric electrical stimulation (ON). E, F. Influence of intravenous pretreatment with saline (D) or naloxone (1 mg/kg; E) on variation of BP during GES. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of 7–10 animals per group. *: p<0.05, ***: p<0.001.</p

Effect of GES on c-fos expression in the NTS and in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) after T5/T6 transection.

<p>Quantification of the number of c-fos immunoreactives cells in the NTS (A) and in the PVN (B) following either GD (60 mmHg for 2 hours) or sham GD during GES or sham GES. Data are expressed as median ± SEM of 4–6 animals per group.</p