El RPE como indicador ecológico para el control de la carga en el baloncesto masculino y femenino

[spa] En la actualidad, en el mundo de la preparación física en el baloncesto ha cobrado mucha importancia el control de la carga de entrenamiento para optimizar el rendimiento, reducir el riesgo de lesión y poder tomar decisiones sobre el proceso de entrenamiento. Ante la imposibilidad de muchos equipos para disponer de medios objetivos, que muchas veces comportan un alto coste económico, se deben buscar alternativas validas y fiables que nos permitan obtener información válida, fiable, clara y útil. El objetivo principal de esta tesis es conocer si el índice de esfuerzo percibido, comúnmente conocido por su acrónimo en inglés RPE, es un buen indicador ecológico para el control de la carga en baloncesto masculino y femenino. En primer lugar, se realizó una revisión narrativa estudiando los métodos más habituales para controlar la carga de entrenamiento en el baloncesto. Por otro lado, se realizaron tres estudios donde participaron 11 jugadoras de baloncesto profesional (Liga femenina 1) con una edad media de 23 ± 3 años, una altura de 182 ± 10 cm y un peso de 79 ± 14 Kg, 10 jugadores de baloncesto semiprofesional (Liga EBA) con una edad media de 26 ± 5 años, una altura de 196 ± 9 cm y un peso de 91 ± 9 kg y 11 jugadores de baloncesto amateur (Copa Cataluña, cuarta división estatal) con una edad media de 25 ± 5 años, una altura de 194 ± 5 cm y un peso de 87 ± 8 kg. Los resultados de los diferentes estudios presentados demostraron que existen diferentes variables que posibilitan el control de la carga tanto interna como externa en baloncesto y que no disponer de medios tecnológicos no debería de ser un impedimento para monitorizar a nuestros deportistas. Para una mayor utilidad, se debe educar a los miembros de los cuerpos técnicos y a las personas deportistas sobre la aplicabilidad y utilidad de los diferentes medios. El RPE se revela como una herramienta útil, válida y ecológica para gestionar la carga tanto en baloncesto masculino como femenino y es un indicador que se asocia al rendimiento, a la lesionabilidad y a la aparición de fatiga neuromuscular evaluada de forma objetiva cuando se usa de forma correcta. A pesar de que el RPE es un buen indicador ecológico para el control de la carga en el baloncesto masculino y femenino, para un conocimiento más holístico de las adaptaciones al entrenamiento, se debe complementar su uso con otros indicadores y con una correcta educación de los agentes implicados en el proceso de entrenamiento.[eng] In the world of physical preparation in basketball, appropriate management of training loads has become essential to optimize performance, reduce injury risk, and make informed decisions about the training process. Given the impossibility of many teams to use objective means, which often entail a high economic cost, valid and reliable alternatives must be sought to obtain valid, reliable, precise, and valuable information. The main objective of this thesis is to know if the index of perceived exertion, commonly known by its acronym in English RPE, is an excellent ecological indicator for load control in men's and women's basketball. In the first place, a narrative review was carried out studying the most common methods to control training loads in basketball. On the other hand, three studies were carried out involving 11 female professional basketball players (League 1) with a mean age of 23 ± 3 years, a height of 182 ± 10 cm, and a weight of 79 ± 14 Kg, 10 male semi-professional basketball players (EBA League) with a mean age of 26 ± 5 years, a height of 196 ± 9 cm and a weight of 91 ± 9 kg and 11 male amateur basketball players (Catalonia Cup, national fourth division) with a mean age of 25 ± 5 years, a height of 194 ± 5 cm and a weight of 87 ± 8 kg. The results of the studies presented showed that different variables make it possible to control both the internal and external load in basketball and that not using technology should not be an obstacle to monitor our athletes. For greater utility, staffs and athletes should be educated about the applicability and usefulness of the different monitoring systems. RPE reveals as a useful, valid, and ecological tool to manage the load in men's and women's basketball, being an indicator associated with performance, injury, and the onset of neuromuscular fatigue evaluated objectively when appropriately used. Although RPE is an excellent ecological indicator for load control in men's and women's basketball, for a more holistic understanding of training adaptations, its use should be complemented with other indicators and proper education of all the agents involved in the training process

Variables associated with the performance of a male European professional rugby team. Analysis of the regular season

The main objective of this study was to identify the relationship between performance parameters and a team's probability of winning and losing during regular season matches. A retrospective observational study of a professional rugby team with thirty players and sixteen regular season matches was carried out. The analyses included the following metrics: carries in open play, gainline success, gainline unsuccess, good pass, average pass, bad pass, good kick, average kick, bad kick, effective ruck, ineffective ruck, dominant tackle, neutral tackle, passive tackle, tackle assist, tackle missed, defender in position, good offload, kick fielded successfully, kick fielded unsuccessfully, ball lost, intercept, turnover made, linebreak, yellow card, red card, a penalty conceded, try scored, injury, player off, player on, successful kick at goal, unsuccessful kick at goal, lineout, lineout won, scrum, scrum won, return to play, ruck speed and tackle completion. No single parameter could be directly related to wins or losses. Nevertheless, four parameters when pooled could be associated with winning during the analysed season (r = 0.897, r2 = 0.805, r adjusted = 0.635, p<0.05): gainline success (p<0.002), effective ruck (p<0.009), dominant tackle (p<0.018) and tackle assist (p<0.029). On this specific context, coaches and practitioners should pay more attention to these specific actions to improve team performance