3,258 research outputs found
Thin film heat transfer gage is stable at higher temperatures
Thin film convective heat transfer gage functions effectively for prolonged periods at temperatures up to 1000 degrees F. An initial resistance shift does not inhibit the performance or accuracy of the gages, as the original resistance-temperature relationship remains unchanged
Substituting gold for silver improves electrical connections
In attaching external leads to thin film sensors of platinum ribbon, liquid gold is applied to each end of the ribbon and the leads are soldered to the cured gold. The cured and soldered liquid gold shows no tendency to migrate and retains initial resistance characteristics when exposed to elevated temperatures
Pressure-induced s-band ferromagnetism in alkali metals
First-principles density-functional-theory calculations show that compression
of alkali metals stabilizes open structures with localized interstitial
electrons which may exhibit a Stoner-type instability towards ferromagnetism.
We find ferromagnetic phases of the lithium-IV-type, simple cubic, and simple
hexagonal structures in the heavier alkali metals, which may be described as
s-band ferromagnets. We predict that the most stable phases of potassium at low
temperatures and pressures around 20 GPa are ferromagnets.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Hydrogen/nitrogen/oxygen defect complexes in silicon from computational searches
Point defect complexes in crystalline silicon composed of hydrogen, nitrogen,
and oxygen atoms are studied within density-functional theory (DFT). Ab initio
Random Structure Searching (AIRSS) is used to find low-energy defect
structures. We find new lowest-energy structures for several defects: the
triple-oxygen defect, {3O}, triple oxygen with a nitrogen atom, {N, 3O}, triple
nitrogen with an oxygen atom, {3N,O}, double hydrogen and an oxygen atom,
{2H,O}, double hydrogen and oxygen atoms, {2H,2O} and four
hydrogen/nitrogen/oxygen complexes, {H,N,O}, {2H,N,O}, {H,2N,O} and {H,N,2O}.
We find that some defects form analogous structures when an oxygen atom is
replaced by a NH group, for example, {H,N,2O} and {3O}, and {H,N} and {O}. We
compare defect formation energies obtained using different oxygen chemical
potentials and investigate the relative abundances of the defects.Comment: 9 pages, 13 figure
A First Principles Theory of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance J-Coupling in solid-state systems
A method to calculate NMR J-coupling constants from first principles in
extended systems is presented. It is based on density functional theory and is
formulated within a planewave-pseudopotential framework. The all-electron
properties are recovered using the projector augmented wave approach. The
method is validated by comparison with existing quantum chemical calculations
of solution-state systems and with experimental data. The approach has been
applied to verify measured J-coupling in a silicophosphate structure,
Si5O(PO4)6Comment: 9 page
Energetics of hydrogen/lithium complexes in silicon analyzed using the Maxwell construction
We have studied hydrogen/lithium complexes in crystalline silicon using
density-functional-theory methods and the ab initio random structure searching
(AIRSS) method for predicting structures. A method based on the Maxwell
construction and convex hull diagrams is introduced which gives a graphical
representation of the relative stabilities of point defects in a crystal and
enables visualization of the changes in stability when the chemical potentials
are altered. We have used this approach to study lithium and hydrogen
impurities in silicon, which models aspects of the anode material in the
recently-suggested lithium-ion batteries. We show that hydrogen may play a role
in these anodes, finding that hydrogen atoms bind to three-atom lithium
clusters in silicon, forming stable {H,3Li} and {2H,3Li} complexes, while the
{H,2Li} complex is almost stable.Comment: (5 pages, 4 figures
Accidental Information Literacy Instruction: The Work a Link Landing Page Can Do
This article reports on a surprise finding from a larger, long-term study that explores ways to provide effective information literacy instruction (ILI) in asynchronous, online-only courses. The finding occurred during a term in which students participating in the study received no formal ILI. However, these students did not turn to the web at large when doing independent research as some literature might predict. Instead, analysis of their final research project bibliographies suggests students modeled the search scopes of select prior assignments from that same course. This finding has potential to inform parameters for adapting pedagogy for asynchronous, online-only instruction as well as ways librarians and teaching faculty collaborate to incorporate ILI into curricula, particularly in online contexts
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