Pdalei_Msat_Genotypes

Microsatellite genotypes (at six loci) for strains of the marine dinoflagellate P.dalei. Each sample represents the strains that could be revived from a slice of sediment core taken from Koljo Fjord, Sweden

Hybridization between <i>Calopteryx splendens</i> and <i>C. haemorrhoidalis</i> confirmed by morphological and genetic analyses

<div><p>Hybridization between <i>Calopteryx haemorrhoidalis</i> and any of its congeners has not been reported until now. We observed spontaneous matings between male <i>C. splendens</i> and female <i>C. haemorrhoidalis</i> at a locality in Central Italy, together with some putative hybrid individuals that had a mixed phenotype. Here, we report the morphological and molecular characterization of five suspected hybrids collected from this population during 2001 (<i>n</i>=1), 2012 (<i>n</i>=2) and 2013 (<i>n</i>=2). A discriminant analysis based on 13 morphological variables correctly separated both parental species (with 100% assignation success) and classified the hybrid from 2001 as <i>splendens</i> phenotype and those from 2012 and 2013 as <i>haemorrhoidalis</i>. Genotype data (microsatellite loci) was used to confirm the hybrid origin of these specimens, although there were differences between the individual from 2001 and those from 2012 and 2013; the 2001 individual had alleles that were present in both parent species, suggesting it is an F1 hybrid, but the individuals collected in 2012 and 2013 had private alleles at eight (out of 12) loci and only a small portion of the genome in common with <i>C. splendens</i>, which suggests that introgression is occurring in this population. Similarities in mitochondrial DNA sequences indicate that the 2001 hybrid and the 2012–2013 hybrids have <i>splendens</i> and <i>haemorrhoidalis</i> maternal origins respectively, which, in contrast with behavioural observations, indicates that interspecific matings in both directions are possible. This is the first demonstration that <i>C. haemorrhoidalis</i> can hybridize with other congeners to produce viable offspring.</p></div

MS calibration data CELL Pairs

This data contains calibrations for mixtures of cells from pairs of strains (i.e. red data in Fig.1)

Selection rates for six pairs of strains at three initial density and frequency treatments

Selection rates for six pairs of strains at three initial density and frequency treatment

Supplementary material from “Low dose of neonicotinoid insecticide reduces foraging motivation of bumblebees”

Supplementary information about methods, tables S1 & S2, figures S1-S18

MS calibration data CELL Multi

This data file contains calibration data for multistrain testing of the genotyping assay (i.e. data analysed in SI 1)

Dynamics example data

Example dynamics from a microcosm experiment of two strains of Oxyrrhis over 13 days under two pCO2 levels, using the method for strain frequency determination described here

Summary of locus characteristics, PCR details and levels of variability for nine polymorphic microsatellite loci isolated from the marine flagellate <i>Oxyrrhis marina</i> from coastal waters of Great Britain and Ireland (<i>n</i> = 200).

<p><i>T_a</i>, annealing temperature of primers during PCR; Size, size range of alleles (in base pairs); <i>N_a</i>, number of alleles.</p

Spatial-autocorrelation-based isolation by distance plot indicating average (all loci) kinship (Fij with 95% confidence intervals, 40) as a function of distance (km) for the 2 model clusters identified in <b>Figure 1</b>.

<p>Filled and open circles corresponded to model clusters 1 and 2, respectively (following <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0015557#pone-0015557-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a>).</p

The distribution and genetic structure of <i>Oxyrrhis marina</i> sampled across UK coastal waters.

<p><b>A</b>: The distribution of <i>O. marina</i> samples collected from UK coastal waters. Samples were grouped into 6 regions for pairwise comparisons; <i>n</i> = number of isolates per region. <b>B</b>: The probabilities of membership of individual <i>O. marina</i> isolates to hypothetical clusters in a two cluster simulation. Each bar represents an individual isolate and the proportion of the bar that is black or white represents the proportion of assignment to cluster 1 or 2 respectively. <b>C</b>: (<i>i</i>) Mean L(<i>K</i>) (±95% CI) over 5 independent runs for each <i>K</i> value; (<i>ii</i>) Ä<i>K</i>, the second order rate of change of Ln P(D) with respect to <i>K</i>; the modal value of this distribution corresponds to the true value of <i>K</i> or the uppermost level of genetic structure (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0015557#s2" target="_blank">Methods</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0015557#pone.0015557-Wright1" target="_blank">[31]</a> for further details).</p