Il futuro del personalismo fra etica e politica

Il personalismo rappresenta nella storia del pensiero politico una posizione che intende superare sia l'individualismo sia il collettivismo. Caratteristica fondamentale delle diverse concezioni del personalismo è la sua disposizione a difendere la sfera dell'uomo dalle invadenze di poteri assoluti e dispotici, che nel mondo contemporaneo assumono il volto del totalitarismo .Con la fine delle ideologie e la caduta delle utopie, il personalismo ha anche la funzione di criticare la tendenza delle società liberaldemocratiche e consumiste verso nuove forme di anomie e di controllo sociale della persona con la potenza dei nuovi media.Personality represents in the history of political thought a position that goes beyond both individualism and collectivism. The fundamental feature of the different conceptions of personalism is its disposition to defend the sphere of man from the invasions of absolute and despotic powers that in the contemporary world assume the face of totalitarianism. With the end of ideologies and the fall of utopias, personalism has It is also the function of criticizing the tendency of liberaldemocratic and consumer societies towards new forms of anomie and social control of the person with the power of the new media

Large-Scale Gene-Centric Analysis Identifies Novel Variants for Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease (CAD) has a significant genetic contribution that is incompletely characterized. To complement genome-wide association (GWA) studies, we conducted a large and systematic candidate gene study of CAD susceptibility, including analysis of many uncommon and functional variants. We examined 49,094 genetic variants in ~2,100 genes of cardiovascular relevance, using a customised gene array in 15,596 CAD cases and 34,992 controls (11,202 cases and 30,733 controls of European descent; 4,394 cases and 4,259 controls of South Asian origin). We attempted to replicate putative novel associations in an additional 17,121 CAD cases and 40,473 controls. Potential mechanisms through which the novel variants could affect CAD risk were explored through association tests with vascular risk factors and gene expression. We confirmed associations of several previously known CAD susceptibility loci (eg, 9p21.3:p<10−33; LPA:p<10−19; 1p13.3:p<10−17) as well as three recently discovered loci (COL4A1/COL4A2, ZC3HC1, CYP17A1:p<5×10−7). However, we found essentially null results for most previously suggested CAD candidate genes. In our replication study of 24 promising common variants, we identified novel associations of variants in or near LIPA, IL5, TRIB1, and ABCG5/ABCG8, with per-allele odds ratios for CAD risk with each of the novel variants ranging from 1.06–1.09. Associations with variants at LIPA, TRIB1, and ABCG5/ABCG8 were supported by gene expression data or effects on lipid levels. Apart from the previously reported variants in LPA, none of the other ~4,500 low frequency and functional variants showed a strong effect. Associations in South Asians did not differ appreciably from those in Europeans, except for 9p21.3 (per-allele odds ratio: 1.14 versus 1.27 respectively; P for heterogeneity = 0.003). This large-scale gene-centric analysis has identified several novel genes for CAD that relate to diverse biochemical and cellular functions and clarified the literature with regard to many previously suggested genes