Genetic characterization of germinal centre B-cell-like, aktivated B-cell-like and primary mediastinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Diffuse großzellige B-Zell Lymphome (DLBCL) gehören zu den häufigsten lymphatischen Tumoren. Die histologische Klassifikation dieser großen Gruppe von Tumoren ist dabei noch immer durch die mangelnde Reproduzierbarkeit in der Diagnostik geprägt. Außerdem verhalten sich DLBCL klinisch ausgesprochen heterogen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden DLBCL mittels komparativer genomischer Hybridisierung (CGH) untersucht. Die DLBCL waren im Vorfeld von uns unabhängig mittels microarray-basierter Genexpressionsanalyse in solche vom Keimzentrumstyp (GCB-DLBCL) sowie solche vom aktivierten B-Zelltyp (ABC-DLBCL) eingeteilt worden. Weiterhin enthielt das untersuchte Kollektiv primär mediastinale DLBCL (PMBCL). Die CGH sollte hierbei Aufschluss über rekurrente chromosomale Aberrationen geben. Die drei Subtypen zeigten dabei für sie charakteristische genetische Veränderungen. So fanden sich für die GCB-DLBCL Zugewinne auf Chromosom 12, für die ABC-DLBCL Zugewinne auf den Chromosomen 3 und 18 sowie Verluste auf Chromosom 6, für die PMBCL Zugewinne auf den Chromosomen 2 und 9. Die mittels Genexpressionsanalyse definierten Subtypen der DLBCL unterscheiden sich somit eindeutig auf genetischer Ebene und zeigen für sie charakteristische chromosomale Aberrationen.Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most frequent lymphoma subtypes. The histologic and clinical presentiation of this tumor is still characterized by its heterogenity. Gene-expression profiling has identified 3 major subgroups of DLBCL: germinal centre B-cell-like DLBCL (GCB-DLBCL), activated B-cell-like DLBCL (ABC-DLBCL), primary mediastinal DLBCL (PMBCL). Using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) we investigated genetic alterations in these 3 subgroups, previously characterized by gene-expression profiling. The DLBCL subgroups significantly differed in the frequency of particular chromosomal aberrations. GCB-DLBCL had gains of chromosome 12, ABC-DLBCL had gains of chromosomes 3 and 18 as well as losses of chromosome 6, PMBCL had gains of chromosomes 2 and 9. So there are characteristic chromosomal aberrations in each of the 3 DLBCL-subtypes

Genetic characterization of mantle cell lymphomas with comparative genomic hybridization

Mantelzell-Lymphome gehören mit einem Anteil von ca. 5-10 % der B-Zellneoplasien zu den aggressiven lymphatischen Tumoren und sind, neben der histologisch-morphologischen und klinischen Präsentation, in der überwiegenden Mehrzahl der Fälle durch eine chromosomale Translokation t(11;14) sowie die Expression der Oberflächenmarker CD5, CD20 und Cyclin D1 gekennzeichnet (sog. Cyclin D1-posive Tumoren). Bei einigen fehlt jedoch eine Expression von Cyclin D1 (sog. Cyclin D1-negative Tumoren). Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit war die genetische Charakterisierung von 77 Mantellzell-Lymphomen mittels komparativer genomischer Hybridisierung, die Detektion vorhandener chromosomaler Imbalanzen sowie der Vergleich beider Gruppen bezüglich ihrer Aberrationsmuster.Mantle cell lymphomas (MCL) are about 5-10 % of B-cell neoplasia and are according to the aggressive forms of lymphatic tumors. They are characterized by a chromosomal translocation t(11;14) and expression of the surface antigens CD5, CD20 and cyclin D1 in the majority of cases (cyclin D1-positive MCL). But some of the tumors lack expression of cyclin D1 (cyclin D1-negative MCL). In this study 77 mantle cell lymphomas are characterized by comparative genomic hybridization. Furthermore the detected aberrations are compared between the cyclin D1- positive and the cyclin D1-negative cases

philippkraft/cmf: New conceptual connections

Catchment Modelling Framework, a hydrologic modelling toolbo

Retrospective analysis of 15 years of horse-related maxillofacial fracture data at a major German trauma center

Purpose!#!The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of the mechanism of trauma (fall versus kick), rider demographics, equestrian experience, protective equipment, and whether or not a horse was shod on the anatomic site of a horse-related maxillofacial fracture, operating time, postoperative complication rate, and length of hospital stay.!##!Methods!#!We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients treated for horse-related maxillofacial fractures at a single institution in Germany between January 2000 and March 2015. We used linear and logistic regression to test the above-mentioned variables for statistical correlations.!##!Results!#!During the study period, we treated 138 horse-related facial fractures in 71 patients. The mean patient age was 34.5 years, and 80.3% of the injuries occurred in women. Most of the maxillofacial fractures were the result of a horse kick (71.8%) when unmounted and the majority occurred in more experienced riders (70.4%). There was a significant association of wearing of protective equipment with a shorter hospital stay and lower risk of postoperative complications.!##!Conclusion!#!More education is needed in the equestrian community regarding the use of protective equipment when unmounted. Safety helmets should be redesigned to include a faceguard and be worn at all times

A Novel Method for Secondary Mandible Reconstruction to Re-Achieve a Native Condyle Position Comprising a New Design for Cutting Guides and New Positioning Devices

Secondary mandibular reconstruction using fibular free flaps (FFF) is a technical challenge for surgeons. Appropriate operation planning is crucial for postoperative quality control and is notably necessary for the (re-) achievement of a physiological condylar position, and the sensible expansion and shaping of the transplant. Computer-assisted planning may help to reconstruct mandibular defects in a patient-specific and precise manner. Herein, we present a newly-developed workflow for secondary mandibular reconstruction using FFF; it comprises digital planning and in-house manufacturing to perform precise secondary mandible reconstruction. This method utilizes a newly designed positioning device to ensure the precise positioning of the fibula segments in relation to each other and the mandibular stumps. The presented in-house-printed positioning device made it possible to achieve digital planning with high precision during surgery

Efficacy of transcutaneous transseptal orbital decompression in treating acute retrobulbar hemorrhage and a literature review

Decreasing visual acuity secondary to orbital trauma may be caused by sudden space-occupying or expanding intraorbital lesions, including retrobulbar hemorrhage (RBH), herniation, or swelling. RBH must be diagnosed and treated immediately. This article addresses the efficacy of transcutaneous transseptal orbital decompression in a combination with a systematic review of the literature for a comparison of this method with existing treatment options. For this study the department's database was retrospectively screened for patients with acute RBH who were treated between 2009 and 2011 using the authors' approach. Patients presenting with RBH were classified into RBH classes I to III according to three different clinical and radiological manifestations of acute RBH. The efficacy of transcutaneous transseptal orbital decompression was assessed by postoperative visual acuities. The literature review was performed by using the MEDLINE database. The time period for the study was between 2009 and 2011 during which 10 patients were diagnosed with suspected RBH and 9 were treated with the authors' technique. Visual acuities were reconstituted or maintained in almost 86% of patients who were diagnosed and treated according to the authors approach and who survived initial trauma. It was concluded that transcutaneous transseptal orbital decompression provides an efficient and rapid approach for treating patients with acute RBH. By distinguishing three different manifestations of acute RBH, the authors present a diagnostic tool that may facilitate classification of RBH and determination of treatment options