PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH ORGANIK BERBASIS PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DI KELURAHAN SIKUMANA

ABSTRAKPertambahan jumlah penduduk adalah salah satu factor naiknya jumlah timbulan sampah. Berdasarkan data tahun 2021 total sampah perhari sebanyak 218 ton dan 48% adalah sampah rumah tangga. .Limbah organik hasil buangan dari pemukiman penduduk diantaranya terdiri dari berbagai macam sayur-sayuran dan buah-buahan. Sistem pengelolaan sampah yang dibuat hanya terbatas pada membuang atau mengumpulkan sampah jauh dari pemukiman. Meskipun saat itu material dari plastik sendiri masih jarang dan komposisi sampah masih didominasi sampah sisa makanan (organik), tingkat produksi sampah yang masif dan dengan frekuensi yang tinggi membuat sampah-sampah tersebut tidak punya cukup waktu untuk bisa terurai secara alami.Limbah organik dari rumahtangga dapat dimanfaatkan dan diolah menjadi pakan ternak diantaranya adalah batang pisang, kangkung, kubis, kecambah kacanghijau, daun jagung dan kulit jagung. Program pengabdian ini dilaksanakan selama bulan Juli – Agustus 2023 di Kelurahan Sikumana, tujuan darikegiatan PKM kali ini adalahpengolahan sampahorganik menjadi pakan ternak babi. Kegiatan Pengabdian dilaksanakan dalam bentuk penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembuatan pakan ternak dengan bahan baku limbah organik yang ada diekitar masyarakat. Hasil fermentasi pakan ternak berwarna kecoklatan dan tidak berbau, yang menunjukkan bahwa fermentasinya berhasil. Kegiatan pengabdian berjalan dengan baik dan sistematis, partisipasi dari mitra juga aktif dan sangat antusias. Kegiatan pelatihan ini memberikan ilmu dan pengetahuan baru yang sangat bermanfaat bagi mitra dalam hal perkembangbiakan ternak babi dan pemberian pakan ternak babi yang tepat. Kata Kunci: sampahorganik; pakan ternak; kelurahan sikumana. ABSTRACTThe increase in population is one of the factors for the increase in the amount of waste generation. Based on data for 2021, the total waste per day is 218 tons and 48% is household waste. Organic waste resulting from the disposal of residential areas consists of various kinds of vegetables and fruits. The waste management system created is limited to disposing or collecting waste far from settlements. Even though at that time the plastic material itself was still rare and the composition of waste was still dominated by (organic) food waste, the massive level of waste production and the high frequency meant that the waste did not have enough time to decompose naturally. Organic waste from households can be utilized and processed into animal feed including banana stems, kale, cabbage, green bean sprouts, corn leaves and corn husks. This service program is carried out from July to August 2023 in the Sikumana Village, the purpose of this PKM activity is processing organic waste into pig feed. Service activities are carried out in the form of counseling and training in the manufacture of animal feed with organic waste raw materials that exist around the community. The results of fermented animal feed are brownish in color and odorless, indicating that the fermentation was successful. Service activities run well and systematically,  participation of partners is also active and very enthusiastic. This training activity provides new knowledge and knowledge that is very useful for partners in terms of pig breeding and proper feeding of pigs. Keywords: organic waste; animal feed; sikumana village

Analysis of Flood Discharge due to Impact of Tropical Cyclone

Tropical Cyclone Seroja, which occurred between April 2 to 6, 2021, is one of the strongest storms ever in East Nusa Tenggara. The track results of the cyclone showed that Seroja, formed at coordinates 10.5° S and 123° E, moved towards west longitude to Sumba Island and continued towards Australia. Moreover, the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) output was used to analyze the rainfall conditions at the center of the Seroja cyclone through the Kambaniru watershed in East Sumba, and the results showed that the precipitation continued to increase during Seroja's development to reach 225 mm. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of the rainfall during the storm on the maximum runoff experienced in the Kambaniru watershed through the application of quantitative analysis on the rainfall data from GPM data. The process involved analyzing the flood discharge using the HSS-SCS Curve Number method and GPM data, which were initially used to evaluate the rainfall during the TC Seroja due to limited field data. The results showed that the CN value in the Kambaniru watershed was in the AMC III condition with a curve number of 88.90 and the maximum flood during the Seroja storm was recorded to be 2,987 m3/s which is higher than the flood discharge for the 500 year return period. It was also discovered that the narrowing of the river channel on the Kambaniru Bridge section contributed to the collapse of the bridge. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-09-01 Full Text: PD

Single Production of Kojic Acid by Aspergillus flavus and the Revision of Flufuran

Timor Island is very hot and dry due to the high intensity of sunlight experienced throughout the year. The endophytic fungi Aspergillus flavus had been isolated from medicinal plants such as Catharanthus roseus, Annona squamosa and Curcuma xanthorisa. The endophytic fungi A. flavus from each plant was cultivated on solid rice media and then analyzed for its capability for producing kojic acid. The production of kojic acid was analyzed by HPLC; the highest amount of kojic acid was observed from the endophytic fungi A. flavus, isolated from the stem of Catharanthus roseus, followed by A. flavus from Annona squamosa and Curcuma xanthorisa. Simple VLC fractionation of the extract of A. flavus from C.roseus led to the isolation of around 11.1 g of pure kojic acid. The structure of kojic acid (1) was confirmed by NMR and MS spectroscopic data. A comparison of the NMR data with the literature supported the revision of the natural product flufuran to kojic acid. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a strain of endophytic fungi producing only kojic acid without any other toxic metabolites such as alfatoxins. Therefore, this Aspergillus flavus strain can be applied as a potential producer of kojic acid for industrial use