Bento Box—Modular/Recoverable Stratospheric Balloon Capabilities to Support Distributed Maritime Operations

NPS NRP Project PosterChief of Naval Operations, ADM Gilday, and Commandant of the Marine Corps, Gen Berger, directed modernization efforts across the Naval Services. The concept of Naval Operational Architecture (NOA) enables the development of additional beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) targeting and fires delivered from widely distributed points within and outside a near-peer's weapons engagement zones (WEZ). Research into proliferated low-earth orbiting communications satellites (pLEO) reveal an intersection with the Joint All Domain Command and Control (JADC2) priority and the Navy and Marine components leveraging efforts such as Task Force Overmatch (DEVSECOPS). There is an immediate need to develop requirements and analyze alternate architectures for delivering BLOS precision fires in future contested environments in the context of Great Power Competition. Faculty experience with space mission architecture design will be leveraged to advise students in achieving the following objectives: 1) Research and develop operational, functional objective and threshold requirements for a proliferated LEO systems within the JADC2 framework to enable BLOS precision fires. 2) Analyze alternative architectures for the requirements which enable BLOS precision fires in a contested environment. A phased approach will be used to meet the research objectives. First, a capabilities or system requirements-like document will be generated to include validation criteria and in-phase lessons learned. Second, standard aerospace modeling/simulation techniques will be used to define the mission and architecture requirements and analyze the alternatives for architectures enabling BLOS precision fires through a contested environment to include in-phase lessons learned. Third, individual student thesis research will occur to completion/graduation of the students and any final closing actions through the remainder of the project period.Naval Special Warfare Command (NAVSPECWARCOM)N9 - Warfare SystemsThis research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

Bento Box—Modular/Recoverable Stratospheric Balloon Capabilities to Support Distributed Maritime Operations

NPS NRP Executive SummaryChief of Naval Operations, ADM Gilday, and Commandant of the Marine Corps, Gen Berger, directed modernization efforts across the Naval Services. The concept of Naval Operational Architecture (NOA) enables the development of additional beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) targeting and fires delivered from widely distributed points within and outside a near-peer's weapons engagement zones (WEZ). Research into proliferated low-earth orbiting communications satellites (pLEO) reveal an intersection with the Joint All Domain Command and Control (JADC2) priority and the Navy and Marine components leveraging efforts such as Task Force Overmatch (DEVSECOPS). There is an immediate need to develop requirements and analyze alternate architectures for delivering BLOS precision fires in future contested environments in the context of Great Power Competition. Faculty experience with space mission architecture design will be leveraged to advise students in achieving the following objectives: 1) Research and develop operational, functional objective and threshold requirements for a proliferated LEO systems within the JADC2 framework to enable BLOS precision fires. 2) Analyze alternative architectures for the requirements which enable BLOS precision fires in a contested environment. A phased approach will be used to meet the research objectives. First, a capabilities or system requirements-like document will be generated to include validation criteria and in-phase lessons learned. Second, standard aerospace modeling/simulation techniques will be used to define the mission and architecture requirements and analyze the alternatives for architectures enabling BLOS precision fires through a contested environment to include in-phase lessons learned. Third, individual student thesis research will occur to completion/graduation of the students and any final closing actions through the remainder of the project period.Naval Special Warfare Command (NAVSPECWARCOM)N9 - Warfare SystemsThis research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

High porosity metallic glass foam: A powder metallurgy route

A powder metallurgy route to the fabrication of metallic glass foam is introduced. The method involves consolidating metallic glass powder blended with blowing agent particulates to produce expandable precursors, capable of yielding foams with porosities as high as 86%. The foams are found to inherit the strength of the parent metallic glass and to be able to deform heavily toward full densification absorbing high amounts of energy

Numerical simulation of unconstrained cyclotron resonant maser emission

When a mainly rectilinear electron beam is subject to significant magnetic compression, conservation of magnetic moment results in the formation of a horseshoe shaped velocity distribution. It has been shown that such a distribution is unstable to cyclotron emission and may be responsible for the generation of Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR) an intense rf emission sourced at high altitudes in the terrestrial auroral magnetosphere. PiC code simulations have been undertaken to investigate the dynamics of the cyclotron emission process in the absence of cavity boundaries with particular consideration of the spatial growth rate, spectral output and rf conversion efficiency. Computations reveal that a well-defined cyclotron emission process occurs albeit with a low spatial growth rate compared to waveguide bounded simulations. The rf output is near perpendicular to the electron beam with a slight backward-wave character reflected in the spectral output with a well defined peak at 2.68GHz, just below the relativistic electron cyclotron frequency. The corresponding rf conversion efficiency of 1.1% is comparable to waveguide bounded simulations and consistent with the predictions of kinetic theory that suggest efficient, spectrally well defined radiation emission can be obtained from an electron horseshoe distribution in the absence of radiation boundaries.Publisher PD

On the form of growing strings

Patterns and forms adopted by Nature, such as the shape of living cells, the geometry of shells and the branched structure of plants, are often the result of simple dynamical paradigms. Here we show that a growing self-interacting string attached to a tracking origin, modeled to resemble nascent polypeptides in vivo, develops helical structures which are more pronounced at the growing end. We also show that the dynamic growth ensemble shares several features of an equilibrium ensemble in which the growing end of the polymer is under an effective stretching force. A statistical analysis of native states of proteins shows that the signature of this non-equilibrium phenomenon has been fixed by evolution at the C-terminus, the growing end of a nascent protein. These findings suggest that a generic non-equilibrium growth process might have provided an additional evolutionary advantage for nascent proteins by favoring the preferential selection of helical structures.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let

The measurement and determinants of skill acquisition in young workers' first job

The article analyses participation in five types of training (formal on-site, formal off-site, informal co-worker training, learning by watching and learning by doing) and self-assessed skill acquisition in young Flemish workers' first job. A skill production function is estimated whereby the simultaneity of participation in the different types of training and skill acquisition is taken into account. The results clearly demonstrate the importance of informal training. Formal training participation is found to be only a fraction of total training participation. Moreover, the determinants of total training participation and skill acquisition differ from those of formal training participation. While some training types are complementary, others are clearly substitutes. Finally, most types of training generate additional skills. Nonetheless, learning by doing is found to be complementary to formal education in the production of both specific and general skills, whereas formal training serves as a substitute

Compact millimetre wave and terahertz radiation sources driven by pseudospark-generated electron beam

A pseudospark (PS) plasma sourced electron beam was both computationally and experimentally studied for generation of millimetre wave and terahertz radiation. The beam-wave interaction region is a sinusoidal rippled-wall slow wave structure of a backward wave oscillator (BWO) in G-band. An electron beam of ∼1 mm diameter carrying a current of up to 10 A with a sweeping voltage of 42 to 25 kV and pulse duration of 25 ns propagated through the interaction region in a plasma environment without the need for a guiding magnetic field, which resulted in broadband millimetre radiation generation over a frequency range of 186-202 GHz with a maximum power of 20 W

Proliferated LEO Architecture Enabling Beyond Line of Sight Fires (pLEO BLOS Fires)

NPS NRP Project PosterChief of Naval Operations, ADM Gilday, and Commandant of the Marine Corps, Gen Berger, directed modernization efforts across the Naval Services. The concept of Naval Operational Architecture (NOA) enables the development of additional beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) targeting and fires delivered from widely distributed points within and outside a near-peer's weapons engagement zones (WEZ). Research into proliferated low-earth orbiting communications satellites (pLEO) reveal an intersection with the Joint All Domain Command and Control (JADC2) priority and the Navy and Marine components leveraging efforts such as Task Force Overmatch (DEVSECOPS). There is an immediate need to develop requirements and analyze alternate architectures for delivering BLOS precision fires in future contested environments in the context of Great Power Competition. Faculty experience with space mission architecture design will be leveraged to advise students in achieving the following objectives: 1) Research and develop operational, functional objective and threshold requirements for a proliferated LEO systems within the JADC2 framework to enable BLOS precision fires. 2) Analyze alternative architectures for the requirements which enable BLOS precision fires in a contested environment. A phased approach will be used to meet the research objectives. First, a capabilities or system requirements-like document will be generated to include validation criteria and in-phase lessons learned. Second, standard aerospace modeling/simulation techniques will be used to define the mission and architecture requirements and analyze the alternatives for architectures enabling BLOS precision fires through a contested environment to include in-phase lessons learned. Third, individual student thesis research will occur to completion/graduation of the students and any final closing actions through the remainder of the project period.Marine Corps Capabilities Development Directorate (CDD), DC CD&IHQMC Combat Development and Integration (CD&I)This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

Proliferated LEO Architecture Enabling Beyond Line of Sight Fires (pLEO BLOS Fires)

NPS NRP Executive SummaryChief of Naval Operations, ADM Gilday, and Commandant of the Marine Corps, Gen Berger, directed modernization efforts across the Naval Services. The concept of Naval Operational Architecture (NOA) enables the development of additional beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) targeting and fires delivered from widely distributed points within and outside a near-peer's weapons engagement zones (WEZ). Research into proliferated low-earth orbiting communications satellites (pLEO) reveal an intersection with the Joint All Domain Command and Control (JADC2) priority and the Navy and Marine components leveraging efforts such as Task Force Overmatch (DEVSECOPS). There is an immediate need to develop requirements and analyze alternate architectures for delivering BLOS precision fires in future contested environments in the context of Great Power Competition. Faculty experience with space mission architecture design will be leveraged to advise students in achieving the following objectives: 1) Research and develop operational, functional objective and threshold requirements for a proliferated LEO systems within the JADC2 framework to enable BLOS precision fires. 2) Analyze alternative architectures for the requirements which enable BLOS precision fires in a contested environment. A phased approach will be used to meet the research objectives. First, a capabilities or system requirements-like document will be generated to include validation criteria and in-phase lessons learned. Second, standard aerospace modeling/simulation techniques will be used to define the mission and architecture requirements and analyze the alternatives for architectures enabling BLOS precision fires through a contested environment to include in-phase lessons learned. Third, individual student thesis research will occur to completion/graduation of the students and any final closing actions through the remainder of the project period.Marine Corps Capabilities Development Directorate (CDD), DC CD&IHQMC Combat Development and Integration (CD&I)This research is supported by funding from the Naval Postgraduate School, Naval Research Program (PE 0605853N/2098). https://nps.edu/nrpChief of Naval Operations (CNO)Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.