PENGELOLAAN HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TANAMAN JERUK DI KELOMPOK TANI SION DESA OELBUBUK TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN

Abstrak Kelompok Tani Sion merupakan salah satu kelompok yang membudidayakan empat jenis tanam jeruk yaitu jeruk keprok SoE (JKS), jeruk hikson, jeruk siam, dan jeruk nipis. Berbagai jenis OPT yang memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan jeruk diantaranya Phtytopthora sp., Diplodia sp, virus triteza, Scirtotfrips citri, Diaprina citri, lalat buah. Masalah lain yang dihadapi oleh mitra adalah tidak memberikan pupuk bagi tanaman. PKM ini bertujuan untuk membimbing, membina, dan memberdayakan petani mengelola hama penyakit jeruk ramah lingkungan dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati dan biopestisida. Menjawab permasalahan petani metode yang digunakan adalah yaitu penyuluhan dan pelatihan, adobsi dan introduksi teknologi (demplot dan percobaan terapan teknologi yang murah dan ekonomis serta ramah lingkungan); dan pemberdayaan anggota kelompok tani melalui pendampingan dan evaluasi oleh tim pelaksana. Hasil pelaksanaan menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 40% anggota kelompok tani mengenal jenis hama dan penyakit pada jeruk, 70% anggota kelompok dapat membuat pupuk hayati tricokompos, pupuk organik cair, dan pestisida nabati. Sebanyak 60% petani mengaplikasikan tricokompos pada tanaman jeruk dan beberapa jenis tanaman lainnya seperti cabai.   Abstract The Sion Farmers Group is one of the groups that cultivate four species of citrus, namely Soe Mandarin, hikson oranges, Siamese oranges, and limes.  Various species of pests and dieases that affect the growth and development of citrus include Phytopthora sp., Diplodia sp., Triteza virus, Scirtotfrips citri, Diaporina citri and fruit flies.  Another problem faced by parteners is not providing fertilizer for plants. This community partnership program aims to guide, foster, and empower farmers to manage environmentally friendly citrus pests using biological fertilizers and biopesticides. Answering farmers’ problems, the methods used are counseling and training, adoption and introduction of technology (demonstrations and experiments on the applications of cheap and economical technology as well as environmentally friendly); and emprowerment of farmer group members through mentoring and evaluation by the implementing team. The results of the implementation showed that as many as 40% of farmer group members knew the species of pests and diaseases in citrus, 70% of group members could make tricocompost biofertilizer, liquid organic fertilizer, and botanical pesticides. As many as 60% of farmers apply tricocompost on citrus plants and several other species of plants such as chili

Perceived religious discrimination as predictor of work engagement, with specific reference to the Rastafari religion

Published ArticleAlthough perceived religious discrimination has been studied in the past, much remains unknown about the topic. The focus of this study was the Rastafari religion, because this religious group has up to now been excluded from research studies. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 80 employees belonging to the Rastafari religion, chosen from organisations in two provinces in South Africa. The findings emanating from the quantitative research study indicated that, on average, the respondents perceived to be discriminated against. Furthermore, a positive relationship was established between perceived religious discrimination and work engagement. These findings advanced the understanding of perceived religious discrimination, and the impact that it may have on work engagement, particularly with reference to the Rastafari religion. Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The article contributes to the interdisciplinary discourse regarding perceived religious discrimination, with specific reference to the Rastafari religion which is a minority religious group in South Africa. Perceived religious discrimination is discussed and investigated in the context of the workplace, and the aim was to establish whether perceived religious discrimination influences work-related attitudes, such as work engagement. Because previous studies have associated perceived discrimination with less job involvement and career satisfaction, fewer career prospects, greater work conflict, lower feelings of power, decreased job prestige, and less organisational citizenship behaviour (Thomas 2008:80), it was expected that perceived religious discrimination would have a negative influence on work engagement. The findings show that religion possibly provides individuals with the necessary personal resources to persevere when faced with religious discrimination, and sustain performance as well as attain success within the context of the workplace

Inventory of Pests on Local Potato Plants from Soe in South Central East District, Province of East Nusa Tenggara

Sub-districts Kie and Fatumnasi are two sub-districts in mainland West Timor that cultivate local potatoes from Soe. This germplasm needs to be preserved and developed to diversify non-rice alternative food. One of the main obstacles in cultivating potatoes is the presence of pests, but so far there have been no reports of pests on local potato plants from Soe from the two sub-districts, so this research needs to be done. This study aimed at an inventory of important pests on local potato plants from Soe as a database for early detection to prevent the occurrence of explosive pests. This research was conducted on potato plantations in Fatuulan Village, Ayofanu Village, Nunleu Village, and Nenas Village. The method used is a purpose survey at a specified sample point. A sampling of insect pests is done by direct observation and insect nets. The pests found were put in a killing bottle or 70% alcohol, collected, and identified. Observation variables include the type of pest, symptoms of pest attack, and morphological characteristics of the stadia found. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that five species of pests damaged local potatoes from Soe. The five pests were Spodoptera litura, Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata, Liriomyza sp, Phthorimaea operculella, and Nezara viridula. The identification results showed that in Kie District there were three pest species, namely S. litura, H. vigintioctomaculata, and Liriomyza sp. Meanwhile, in Fatumnasi District, there were four types of pests, namely H. vigintioctomaculata, Liriomyza sp, P. operculella, and N. viridulaKecamatan Kie dan Fatumnasi merupakan dua kecamatan di daratan Timor Barat yang membudidayakan kentang lokal asal Soe. Plasma nutfah ini perlu dilestarikan dan dikembangkan sebagai upaya diversifikasi pangan alternatif non beras. Salah satu kendala utama dalam membudidayakan kentang adanya serangan hama, namun sampai saat ini belum ada laporan tentang hama pada tanaman kentang lokal asal Soe dari dua kecamtan tersebut sehingga penelitian ini perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginventarisasi hama penting pada tanaman kentang lokal asal Soe sebagai data base dalam rangka deteksi dini untuk mencegah terjadinya eksplosif hama. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pertanaman kentang di Desa Fatuulan, Desa Ayofanu, Desa Nunleu, dan Desa Nenas. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei purpose pada titik sampel yang ditentukan. Pengambilan sampel serangga hama dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara langsung dan jaring serangga. Stadia hama yang ditemukan dimasukkan ke dalam killing botol atau alcohol 70%, dikoleksi dan indentifikasi. Peubah Pengamatan meliputi jenis hama, gejala serangan hama, dan karakteristik morfologi stadia yang ditemukan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskripsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat lima species hama yang merusak kentang lokal asal Soe. Kelima jenis hama tersebut adalah Spodoptera litura, Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata, Liriomyza sp, Phthorimaea operculella, Nezara viridula. Hasil indentifikasi menunjukkan bahwa di Kecamatan Kie terdapat tiga spesies hama yaitu S. litura, H. vigintioctomaculata, dan Liriomyza sp. Sedangkan di Kecamatan Fatumnasi, terdapat empat jenis hama yaitu H. vigintioctomaculata, Liriomyza sp, P. operculella, dan N. viridula

UV and solar-based photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants by nano-sized TiO2 grown on carbon nanotubes

Anew photocatalyst based on nano-sized TiO2 supported on single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with tailored photocatalytic properties upon irradiation by both UV and solar simulated light was successfully employed for the degradation of a mixture of 22 organic pollutants in both ultrapure water and real secondary wastewater effluent. First-order degradation rates showed that under UV irradiation nanosized TiO2 supported on SWCNTs is much more effective than conventional Degussa P25 for degradation of iopamidol, iopromide, diatrizoic acid, diclofenac, triclosan and sulfamethoxazole in ultrapure water. For the remaining organics the degradation rates were comparable being in most of the cases Degussa P25 slightly more effective than nano-sized TiO2 supported on SWCNTs. Reactions performed in real secondary wastewater effluent showed a general reduction of degradation rates. Specifically, such a reduction was in the range 9-87% and 9-96% for the Degussa P25 and the nano-sized TiO2 supported on SWCNTs, respectively. Overall, the nano-sized TiO2 supported on SWCNTs under UV irradiation displayed comparable degradation rates with respect to convention Degussa P25. Under simulated solar irradiation the new prepared photocatalyst showed lower efficiency than Degussa P25 in ultrapure water. Such a gap was greatly reduced when the reactions were carried out in real secondary wastewater effluent. The nano-sized TiO2 supported on SWCNTs demonstrated to have the addition benefit to be easily removed from the aqueous solution by a mild centrifugation or a filtration step and, consequently, can be reused for a further photocatalytic treatment batch. Therefore, the obtained results showed that new photocatalyst based on nano-sized TiO2 supported on SWCNTs has proved to be a promising candidate to be used in a photocatalytic based-AOP and to be integrated with a biological step for the effective removal of emerging organic pollutants

[Eksplorasi Jamur Endofit Asal Tanaman Cendana Santalum album L. di Sekitar Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kota Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur] : Review

Cendana merupakan tanaman endemik asal NTT dan memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi karena merupakan penghasil minyak atsiri dan merupakan hasil hutan bukan kayu yang potensial di NTT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi dan mengoleksi jamur endofit yang berada di dalam jaringan tanaman cendana di sekitaran Universitas Nusa Cendana. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan eksplorasi terhadap jamur endofit pada daun dan batang tanaman cendana. Sampel tanaman cendana diambil dari Universitas Nusa Cendana dan penelitian telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2021. Dipilih lima tanaman cendana sehat atau yang tidak bergejala penyakit dari lokasi tersebut untuk diambil daun dan batangnya. Penilitan ini dilakukan dengan mengisolasi sampel daun dan batang tanaman cendana sehat yang telah dipotong dan disterilkan pada media PDA. Apabila terdapat jamur yang tumbuh, dilakukan permurnian terhadap jamur yang terlihat berbeda secara makroskopis. Dari penelitian ini, diperoleh delapan isolat jamur endofit, terdiri dari genus Aspergillus, Gliocladium, Phoma, dan Trichoderma

[Eksplorasi Jamur Endofit Asal Tanaman Cendana Santalum album L. di Sekitar Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kota Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur] : Review

Cendana merupakan tanaman endemik asal NTT dan memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi karena merupakan penghasil minyak atsiri dan merupakan hasil hutan bukan kayu yang potensial di NTT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi dan mengoleksi jamur endofit yang berada di dalam jaringan tanaman cendana di sekitaran Universitas Nusa Cendana. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan eksplorasi terhadap jamur endofit pada daun dan batang tanaman cendana. Sampel tanaman cendana diambil dari Universitas Nusa Cendana dan penelitian telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Nusa Cendana pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2021. Dipilih lima tanaman cendana sehat atau yang tidak bergejala penyakit dari lokasi tersebut untuk diambil daun dan batangnya. Penilitan ini dilakukan dengan mengisolasi sampel daun dan batang tanaman cendana sehat yang telah dipotong dan disterilkan pada media PDA. Apabila terdapat jamur yang tumbuh, dilakukan permurnian terhadap jamur yang terlihat berbeda secara makroskopis. Dari penelitian ini, diperoleh delapan isolat jamur endofit, terdiri dari genus Aspergillus, Gliocladium, Phoma, dan Trichoderma

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) for plasmonic photothermal ablation of cancer. A review

The meeting and merging between innovative nanotechnological systems, such as nanoparticles, and the persistent need to outperform diagnostic-therapeutic approaches to fighting cancer are revolutionizing the medical research scenario, leading us into the world of nanomedicine. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a non-invasive thermo-ablative treatment in which cellular hyperthermia is generated through the interaction of near-infrared light with light-to-heat converter entities, such as gold nanoparticles (GNPs). GNPs have great potential to improve recovery time, cure complexity, and time spent on the treatment of specific types of cancer. The development of gold nanostructures for photothermal efficacy and target selectivity ensures effective and deep tissue-penetrating PTT with fewer worries about adverse effects from nonspecific distributions. Regardless of the thriving research recorded in the last decade regarding the multiple biomedical applications of nanoparticles and, in particular, their conjugation with drugs, few works have been completed regarding the possibility of combining GNPs with the cancer-targeted pharmaceutical fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). This review aims to provide an actual scenario on the application of functionalized GNP-mediated PTT for cancer ablation purposes, regarding the opportunity given by the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) functionalization

Public Talks and Science Listens: A Community-Based Participatory Approach to Characterizing Environmental Health Risk Perceptions and Assessing Recovery Needs in the Wake of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita

In response to the human health threats stemming from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, inter-disciplinary working groups representing P30-funded Centers of the National Institute Environmental Health Sciences were created to assess threats posed by mold, harmful alga blooms, chemical toxicants, and various infectious agents at selected sites throughout the hurricane impact zone. Because of proximity to impacted areas, UTMB NIEHS Center in Environmental Toxicology was charged with coordinating direct community outreach efforts, primarily in south Louisiana. In early October 2005, UTMB/NIEHS Center Community Outreach and Education Core, in collaboration with outreach counterparts at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center @ Smithville TX/Center for Research in Environmental Disease sent two groups into southern Louisiana. One group used Lafourche Parish as a base to deliver humanitarian aid and assess local needs for additional supplies during local recovery/reclamation. A second group, ranging through New Iberia, New Orleans, Chalmette, rural Terrebonne, Lafourche and Jefferson Parishes and Baton Rouge met with community environmental leaders, emergency personnel and local citizens to 1) sample public risk perceptions, 2) evaluate the scope and reach of ongoing risk communication efforts, and 3) determine how the NIEHS could best collaborate with local groups in environmental health research and local capacity building efforts. This scoping survey identified specific information gaps limiting efficacy of risk communication, produced a community “wish list” of potential collaborative research projects. The project provided useful heuristics for disaster response and management planning and a platform for future collaborative efforts in environmental health assessment and risk communication with local advocacy groups in south Terrebonne-Lafourche parishes