Factors of Element Enrichment of Vapor-Gas-Condensate Mixtures in the System Seawater-Rock over Geological Time

AbstractConsideration is given to the factors of enrichment of vapor-gas-condensate mixtures with chemical elements in the system seawater – rock – vapor-gas-condensate mixture

DUALISTIC LEGAL REGULATION OF ACQUIRED SUBJECTIVE HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Purpose of the study: This article analyzes dualistic approaches to the determination of legal facts that grant citizens of the Russian Federation subjective rights. It is obvious that the concept of birth is still not specified in the existing Russian legislation. Different norms of the modern Russian legislation associate the legal fact of birth with the criterion of live birth. An embryo (fetus) cannot have a complex of general civil rights until the time of live birth. Methodology: The authors of the article have compared this constitutional directive with existing rules of other branches of Russian law and revealed a completely opposite situation. Main Findings: Of course, the existing discrepancies in certain legal acts that regulate the same or related social relations represent a classical legal conflict. Moreover, partial contradictions in the Russian legal system are caused by the fact that many sectoral norms conflict with the Constitution. Novelty/Originality: Legal certainty is a basic and system-forming principle that dialectically complements and develops other general-legal, intersectoral and sectoral principles, justifies their functional necessity, determines the accuracy and clarity of legal instructions, established order and limits their actions

Informational Model of Natural Language Processing

The formal model of natural language processing in knowledge-based information systems is considered. The components realizing functions of offered formal model are described

Chronicles of nature calendar, a long-term and large-scale multitaxon database on phenology

We present an extensive, large-scale, long-term and multitaxon database on phenological and climatic variation, involving 506,186 observation dates acquired in 471 localities in Russian Federation, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan. The data cover the period 1890-2018, with 96% of the data being from 1960 onwards. The database is rich in plants, birds and climatic events, but also includes insects, amphibians, reptiles and fungi. The database includes multiple events per species, such as the onset days of leaf unfolding and leaf fall for plants, and the days for first spring and last autumn occurrences for birds. The data were acquired using standardized methods by permanent staff of national parks and nature reserves (87% of the data) and members of a phenological observation network (13% of the data). The database is valuable for exploring how species respond in their phenology to climate change. Large-scale analyses of spatial variation in phenological response can help to better predict the consequences of species and community responses to climate change.Peer reviewe

Energy Costs Impact on Disabled Children’s Rehabilitation Opportunities in Kazakhstan

This article examines the costs for families raising disabled children, who, in world social policy, belong to socially vulnerable groups of the population. The purpose of this article is to assess the impact of energy consumption on the ability of a family to provide rehabilitation for a disabled child in the present and the possibility of his independent life in the future. A sociological survey was administered to respondents in five regions of Kazakhstan, with subsequent processing of the results obtained by statistical methods. The survey was based on a methodological approach in accordance with the identification of four types of restrictions: direct childcare costs; indirect family costs, i.e., losses (household energy consumption aspect); assessment of the opportunity to work; and assessment of the parents’ ability to stay healthy. The PLS–PM model-based structural modeling was carried out. In the model, four types of constraints as dependent variables were accepted. In the course of the model application, three hypotheses regarding energy costs were confirmed. The significance of energy costs in the system of restrictions for families with disabled children was determined. In conclusion, the qualitative characteristics of the relationships allowed identification of the problems in the current support system for families with disabled children in Kazakhstan, which is focused on the partial compensation of direct costs. Energy consumption was determined to be sufficiently important. This results in the misuse of benefits for the rehabilitation of a child because parents, especially from incomplete and low-income families, are forced to choose between paying utility bills and rehabilitating a child. Energy costs also limit the family’s ability to meet the direct costs of the child and long-term savings related to the child’s future. We propose the subsidization of energy utilities for families with disabled children, partially replacing targeted social assistance with vouchers for the purchase of household electrical appliances and rehabilitation equipment with energy-saving characteristics. In further studies, issues regarding the use of tax deductions and tax credits as an alternative support measure, which is currently not used in Kazakhstan, will be investigated

Experimental study bunk ripper to reduce the devastating impact on the aggregate structure of the soil

В статті проведено моделювання взаємодії двохярусного розпушувача з ґрунтом в програмному середовищі SolidWorks. В програмі MathCad отримано математичну модель оптимізації для робочих органів верхнього та нижнього ярусів. Експериментальним шляхом визначено параметри і режими роботи двохярусного розпушувача, при яких досягається мінімальне ущільнення ґрунту робочими органами і мінімально достатнє перекриття суміжних борозен. The article is a review of research on the interaction of working tiered ripper to soil compaction and soil clods under its working bodies. Through modeling of a two-tier ripper with the soil in the SolidWorks software environment isobars obtained in the soil profile and transverse grooves in various combinations width in tiers. The program MathCad mathematical model that allowed to optimize design and operating conditions of the working separately for the upper and lower tiers. Experimental study on the process of loosening the soil channel, which resulted in the constructed regression the width of the grooves, the coefficient of soil compaction and coefficient of overlapping adjacent furrows according to the working body and the soil conditions. Methods experiment was as follows: to study the shape and size of grooves used method of control markers, lumps of soil compaction was estimated determination of their bulk density before and after exposure to the working body. Experimentally determined parameters and modes a two-tier ripper, which is achieved with minimal soil compaction and working bodies of minimum overlap of adjacent furrows. The value of the optimal parameters obtained for each indicator as a mixing distribution: х1 = 1 (h1 = 0.12 m), х2 = 1 (b2 = 0.32 m), х3 = - 0.864 (α = 21,5º), х4 = -1 (γ = 60º), v = 3 m/c. With these parameters of working bodies received the degree of overlap of adjacent furrows kp = 0,04 – 0,104, degree of compaction of soil clods resulting loosening ku = 0,02 – 0,04