Embedding employability skills in UK Higher Education: between digitalization and marketization

This article contributes to the debate on employability skills in UK higher education. It starts by discussing the concept of employability and places the debate in the context of mega-trends affecting UK higher education and the broader UK labour market. It distinguishes between different types of employability skills, as identified by employers’ surveys, and matches them with specific small-group teaching activities, drawing on pedagogic theory and practice. The article concludes that, beyond work-integrated learning, traditional small-group teaching activities can go a long way towards bridging the gap between graduates’ skills and labour market needs

Re-locating accountability through technology: from bureaucratic to electronic ways of governing public sector work

Purpose: The paper explores the implications of e-government for horizontal/social accountability (to citizens) by looking into its shifting location. Its main purpose is to show how the introduction of information and communication technology in the public sector changes how public sector work is organized, shifting the traditional sources of accountability, and to discuss the implications of those changes. Design/methodology/approach: The study comes from desk-based research that brings together literature on electronic government and accountability studies and situates them in the context of a bureaucratic public sector. Findings: It shows that e-government entails digitalization of public sector work by restructuring work, reorganizing public information and knowledge and re-orientating officials-citizens relation. It argues that in the e-government era accountability is inscribed in the technology and its embodied standards; is a horizontal technological relation that renders officials accountable to the handling of digital interfaces and renders citizens co- producers of digital information responsible for bringing the public to account. The paper shows that these changes do not necessarily bring better or worse accountability results but change the sources of accountability bringing shifts in its locations thereby rendering it more precarious. The paper ends by discussing the implications of digital accountability for good public administration

[Review] Deborah Lupton (2016) The quantified self: a sociology of self-tracking

No description supplie

Producing communal health through technological self-care: the emergence of digital patient activism

This study shows how patients co-produce health knowledge when they use digital technology (such as health apps and online platforms) to manage their health and the implications technological self-care has for communal health. It presents results from a qualitative study that took place in the English healthcare context and involved a range of stakeholders such as policy makers, patient organisations and patient experts, and health IT developers (e.g. health apps). The paper moves away from how patients use digital interfaces to ‘consume’ information towards how they are ‘activated’ on the basis of the information they have consumed or created and the implications of their activation for others. We argue that a care for the other emerges when patients self-manage their health through technological interfaces. We name this phenomenon digital patient activism and show that this is an unintended effect of self-care (albeit a conditional one), which although associated with a neo-liberal discourse that assumes self-responsibility merits attention and recognition given the value it creates for the community

[Review] Mitchell Dean (2014) The signature of power: sovereignty, governmentality and biopolitics

No description supplie

Methodological reflections on the evaluation of the implementation and adoption of national electronic health record systems

Copyright @ 2012, International Journal of Integrated Care (IJIC). This work is licensed under a (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0) Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.Introduction/purpose of presentation: Far-reaching policy commitments to information technology-centered transformations of healthcare systems have now been made in many countries. There is as yet little empirical evidence to justify such decisions, hence the need for rigorous independent evaluation of current implementation efforts. Such evaluations however pose a number of important challenges. This presentation has been designed as a part of a Panel based on our experience of evaluating the National Health Service’s (NHS) implementation of electronic health records (EHR) systems in hospitals throughout England. We discuss the methodological challenges encountered in planning and undertaking an evaluation of a program of this scale and reflect on why and how we adapted our evaluation approach—both conceptually and methodologically—in response to these challenges. Study design/population studied: Critical reflections on a multi-disciplinary and multi-facet independent evaluation of a national program to implement electronic health record systems into 12 ‘early wave’ NHS hospitals in England. Findings: Our initial plan was to employ a mixed methods longitudinal ‘before-during-after’ study design. We however found this unsustainable in the light of fluxes in policy, contractual issues and over-optimistic schedules for EHR deployments. More importantly, this research design failed adequately to address the core of multi-faceted evolving EHRs as understood by key stakeholders and as worked out in their distinct work settings. Thus conventional outcomes-centric evaluations may not easily scale-up when evaluating transformational programs and may indeed prove misleading. New assumptions concerning the implementation process of EHR need to be developed that recognize the constantly changing milieu of policy, product, projects and professions that are inherent to such national implementations. The approaches we subsequently developed substitute the positivist view that EHR initiatives are self-evident and self-contained interventions, which are amenable to traditional quantitative evaluations, to one that focuses on how they are understood by various stakeholders and made to work in specific contexts. These assumptions recast the role of evaluation towards an approach that explores and interprets processes of socio-technical change that surround EHR implementation and adoption as seen by multiple stakeholders. Conclusions and policy implications: There is likely to be an increase in politically-driven national programs of reform of healthcare based on information and communication technologies. Programs on such a scale are inherently complex with extended temporalities and extensive and dynamic sets of stakeholders. They are, in short, different and pose new evaluation challenges that previously formulated evaluation methods for health information systems cannot easily address. This calls for methodological innovation amongst research teams and their supporting bodies. We argue that evaluation of such system-wide transformation programs are likely to demand both breadth and depth of experience within a multidisciplinary research team, constant questioning of what is and what can be evaluated and how, and a particular way of working that emphasizes continuous dialogue and reflexivity. Making this transition is essential to enable evaluations that can usefully inform policy-making. Health policy experts urgently need to reassess the evaluation strategies they employ as they come to address national policies for system-wide transformation based on new electronic health infrastructures

Technological innovation, industry platforms or financialization? A comparative institutional perspective on Nokia, Apple, and Samsung

The puzzle of how Nokia lost the smartphone wars has intrigued recent scholarship. Despite Nokia’s dominant position in the mobile phone industry and its technological capabilities and reputation for strategic agility, it was completely wiped out from the market, only a few years after the launch of Apple’s iPhone. The article provides a comparative, historical and institutional account on the smartphone industry by focusing on three key players: Nokia, Apple, and Samsung. This perspective enriches earlier accounts that were overly focused on explaining Nokia’s decline by looking at internal organisational design and conflicts. We propose a two-pronged explanation focused on the reconfiguration of industry platforms and financialisation. The article suggests that single company histories could be enriched by integrating a comparative perspective that examines additional cases. We discuss opportunities for further research to understand how success or failure in technological innovation is embedded in a wider societal and institutional context

Commitment and value creation in online health communities: insights from MedicineAfrica

No description supplie

The hidden mechanism for online community growth

We live in an era of social media and online communities where much of what used to happen face to face has moved online. Even more so in the context of the COVID-19 crisis. How relevant are existing management theories within this new context? Can we simply mimic traditional management practices or do we need to modify them (or even discard them)

Between empowerment and self-discipline: governing patients' conduct through technological self-care

Recent health policy renders patients increasingly responsible for managing their health via digital technology such as health apps and online patient platforms. This paper discusses underlying tensions between empowerment and self-discipline embodied in discourses of technological self-care. It presents findings from documentary analysis and interviews with key players in the English digital health context including policy makers, health designers and patient organisations. We show how discourses ascribe to patients an enterprising identity, which is inculcated with economic interests and engenders self-discipline. However, this reading does not capture all implications of technological self-care. A governmentality lens also shows that technological self-care opens up the potential for a de-centring of medical knowledge and its subsequent communalization. The paper contributes to Foucauldian healthcare scholarship by showing how technology could engender agential actions that operate at the margins of an enterprising discourse