Sustavi samoprocjene i procjene rada pojedinca u zdravstvu

Rad u zdravstvenom sektoru pripada uslužnoj djelatnosti, te je njegovo procjenjivanje puno složenije i kompleksnije u odnosu na klasične proizvodne sektore. Konačni učinak zdravstvene usluge prema korisnicima rezultat je multidisciplinarnog pristupa koji uključuje rad više pojedinaca, i to onih koji vrše temeljnu zdravstvenu, kao i onih koji obavljaju popratne uslužne djelatnosti u zdravstvu. Ocjene radnog učinka su ključne za efektivno poslovanje i evaluaciju zaposlenika. One pomažu razvoju individualnosti, poboljšanju djelovanja organizacije i poslovnog planiranja. Da bi procjena rada opravdala svoju primjenu, ona nužno mora udovoljiti zahtjevima valjanosti, vjernosti i objektivnosti. Proces ocjenjivanja pruža osnovu za razvoj i motivaciju, tako da bi organizacije trebale njegovati osjećaj da opetovana ocjenjivanja predstavljaju pozitivne mogućnosti, u vidu poboljšanja vlastitog rada pojedinca i sustava u cijelosti. Rad svakog zaposlenika uglavnom može biti bolji, ali biti bolji znači dobro poznavati sadašnje stanje, anticipirati želje i htijenja s obzirom na mogućnosti (kreirati ciljeve), te osmisliti putove koji vode do cilja. Sustav samoprocjene rada pojedinca u zdravstvu provodi svakodnevno svaki zaposlenik vodeći se po osobnom nahođenju, etici i moralu koristeći prethodno stečena znanja, metode i vještine, nastojeći usavršavati svoj rad

Application of functionalized lanthanide-based nanoparticles for the detection of okadaic acid-specific immunoglobulin G

Marine biotoxins are widespread in the environment and impact human health via contaminated shellfish, causing diarrhetic, amnesic, paralytic, or neurotoxic poisoning. In spite of this, methods for determining if poisoning has occurred are limited. We show the development of a simple and sensitive luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET)-based concept which allows the detection of anti-okadaic acid rabbit polyclonal IgG (mouse monoclonal IgG1) using functionalized lanthanide-based nanoparticles. Upon UV excitation, the functionalized nanoparticles were shown to undergo LRET with fluorophore-labeled anti-okadaic acid antibodies which had been captured and bound by okadaic acid-decorated nanoparticles. The linear dependence of fluorescence emission intensity with antigen−antibody binding events was recorded in the nanomolar to micromolar range, while essentially no LRET signal was detected in the absence of antibody. These results may find applications in new, cheap, and robust sensors for detecting not only immune responses to biotoxins but also a wide range of biomolecules based on antigen−antibody recognition systems. Further, as the system is based on solution chemistry it may be sufficiently simple and versatile to be applied at point-of-care

UTJECAJ NADOPUNE PREHRANE S Lactiplantibacillus plantarum I NA ČEŠLJAČU Aequipecten opercularis POD SIMULIRANO PROMJENJENIM KLIMATKSIM UVJETIMA

This study examined the effects of dietary supplementation of queen scallop Aequipecten opercularis with an indigenous strain of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), such as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum I previously isolated from its digestive tract, on gut microbial populations and growth rates during cultivation under simulated climate change conditions (pH 7.8, T=16±2°C). After one month of feeding, the results showed a noticeable reduction in aquaculture diseases causing pathogens while maintaining sufficient viable L. plantarum I cells. A higher pH and temperature resulted in higher growth rates, measured by the weight and length of scallops, compared to the control group. The results obtained shed light on the influence of the addition of lactic acid bacteria on the growth of bivalve mollusks under normal and climate change conditions, and provide control of pathogenic microorganisms. In the context of climate change, host-pathogen interactions need to be recognized and put under control by applying natural solutions to minimize the environmental footprint.U ovoj studiji ispitani su učinci dodataka prehrani češljači Aequipecten opercularis s autohtonim sojem bakterija mliječne kiseline (LAB), kao što je Lactiplantibacillus plantarum I koji je prethodno izoliran iz njegovog probavnog trakta, na populacije crijevnih mikroba i stope rasta tijekom uzgoja pod simulirano promjenjenim klimatskim uvjetima (pH 7,8, T=16±2°C). Nakon mjesec dana hranjenja, rezultati su pokazali zamjetno smanjenje uzročnika bolesti u akvakulturi uz zadržavanje dovoljne količine živih stanica L. plantarum I. Viši pH i temperatura rezultirali su većim stopama rasta, izmjerenom težinom i duljinom školjkaša, u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom. Dobiveni rezultati rasvjetljavaju utjecaj dodatka bakterija mliječne kiseline na rast školjkaša u normalnim i klimatskim promijenjenim uvjetima te omogućuju suzbijanje patogenih mikroorganizama. U kontekstu klimatskih promjena, interakcije domaćin-patogen treba prepoznati i staviti pod kontrolu primjenom prirodnih rješenja kako bi se smanjio utjecaj na okoliš

Resolving the effects of environmental micro- and nanoplastics exposure in biota: A knowledge gap analysis

The pervasive spread of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) has raised significant concerns on their toxicity in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. These polymer-based materials have implications for plants, wildlife and human health, threatening food chain integrity and ultimate ecosystem resilience. An extensive – and growing – body of literature is available on MP- and NP-associated effects, including in a number of aquatic biota, with as yet limited reports in terrestrial environments. Effects range from no detectable, or very low level, biological effects to more severe outcomes such as (but not limited to) increased mortality rates, altered immune and inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, genetic damage and dysmetabolic changes. A well-established exposure route to MPs and NPs involves ingestion with subsequent incorporation into tissues. MP and NP exposures have also been found to lead to genetic damage, including effects related to mitotic anomalies, or to transmissible damage from sperm cells to their offspring, especially in echinoderms. Effects on the proteome, transcriptome and metabolome warrant ad hoc investigations as these integrated “omics” workflows could provide greater insight into molecular pathways of effect. Given their different physical structures, chemical identity and presumably different modes of action, exposure to different types of MPs and NPs may result in different biological effects in biota, thus comparative investigations of different MPs and NPs are required to ascertain the respective effects. Furthermore, research on MP and NP should also consider their ability to act as vectors for other toxicants, and possible outcomes of exposure may even include effects at the community level, thus requiring investigations in mesocosm models