6 research outputs found
Replication Data for: Can Learning Explain Deterrence? Evidence from Oil & Gas Production
Data set of inspections and stata code for replication. To replicate results from the paper, download both files, edit the paths in the do file appropriately, and run. All analyses run in stata 15.1
State NBP Rules for "Updating Allowance Allocations in Cap-and-Trade: Evidence from the NOx Budget Program"
This folder includes copies of State Implementation Plans for the NOx Budget Trading Program
Environmental Justice in Unconventional Oil and Natural Gas Drilling and Production: A Critical Review and Research Agenda
Virus nomenclature below the species level: a standardized nomenclature for natural variants of viruses assigned to the family Filoviridae
The task of international expert groups is to recommend the classification and naming of viruses. The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Filoviridae Study Group and other experts have recently established an almost consistent classification and nomenclature for filoviruses. Here, further guidelines are suggested to include their natural genetic variants. First, this term is defined. Second, a template for full-length virus names (such as "Ebola virus H.sapiens-tc/COD/1995/Kikwit-9510621") is proposed. These names contain information on the identity of the virus (e.g., Ebola virus), isolation host (e.g., members of the species Homo sapiens), sampling location (e.g., Democratic Republic of the Congo (COD)), sampling year, genetic variant (e.g., Kikwit), and isolate (e.g., 9510621). Suffixes are proposed for individual names that clarify whether a given genetic variant has been characterized based on passage zero material (-wt), has been passaged in tissue/cell culture (-tc), is known from consensus sequence fragments only (-frag), or does (most likely) not exist anymore (-hist). We suggest that these comprehensive names are to be used specifically in the methods section of publications. Suitable abbreviations, also proposed here, could then be used throughout the text, while the full names could be used again in phylograms, tables, or figures if the contained information aids the interpretation of presented data. The proposed system is very similar to the well-known influenzavirus nomenclature and the nomenclature recently proposed for rotaviruses. If applied consistently, it would considerably simplify retrieval of sequence data from electronic databases and be a first important step toward a viral genome annotation standard as sought by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Furthermore, adoption of this nomenclature would increase the general understanding of filovirus-related publications and presentations and improve figures such as phylograms, alignments, and diagrams. Most importantly, it would counter the increasing confusion in genetic variant naming due to the identification of ever more sequences through technological breakthroughs in high-throughput sequencing and environmental sampling.Additional co-authors: Peter B. Jahrling, Karl M. Johnson, Gary Kobinger, Eric M. Leroy, Mark S. Lever, Elke Mühlberger, Sergey V. Netesov, Gene G. Olinger, Gustavo Palacios, Jean L. Patterson, Janusz T. Paweska, Louise Pitt, Sheli R. Radoshitzky, Erica Ollmann Saphire, Sophie J. Smither, Robert Swanepoel, Jonathan S. Towner, Guido van der Groen, Viktor E. Volchkov, Victoria Wahl-Jensen, Travis K. Warren, Stuart T. Nicho