3 research outputs found
Hydrogel Effects Rapid Biofilm Debridement with ex situ Contact-Kill to Eliminate Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in vivo
Multidrug
resistance and the refractory character of bacterial biofilms are
among the most difficult challenges in infection treatment. Current
antimicrobial strategies typically are much more effective for prevention
of biofilm formation than for eradication of established biofilms;
these strategies also leave dead bacteria and endotoxin in the infection
site, which impairs healing. We report a novel hydrogel that eradicates
biofilm bacteria by non-leaching-based debridement followed by ex
situ contact-killing (DESCK) away from the infection site. The debridement
effect is likely due to the high water swellability and microporosity
of the cross-linked network which is made from polyethylene glycol
dimethacrylate tethered with a dangling polyethylenimine (PEI) star
copolymer. The large pore size of the hydrogel makes the cationic
pore walls highly accessible to bacteria. The hydrogel also degrades
in the presence of infection cells, releasing star cationic PEI into
the infection site to contact-kill bacteria remaining there. DESCK
hydrogel effectively kills (>99.9% reduction) biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CR-PA) and Acinetobacter baumannii in a murine excisional wound
infection model. Silver-based wound dressings (controls) showed almost
no killing of CR-PA and MRSA biofilms. This DESCK hydrogel greatly
reduces the bioburden and inflammation and promotes wound healing.
It has great potential for diverse infection treatment applications
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Clinical characteristics and outcomes according to age in lenalidomide-treated patients with RBC transfusion-dependent lower-risk MDS and del(5q)
Study populations in the MDS-003 and MDS-004 studies. Gray shaded boxes: age groups in the present analysis. LEN, lenalidomide. (DOCX 39 kb
Additional file 2: Table S1. of Clinical characteristics and outcomes according to age in lenalidomide-treated patients with RBC transfusion-dependent lower-risk MDS and del(5q)
Cumulative rates of AML progression by age group in lenalidomide-treated patients. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; MDS, myelodysplastic syndromes. (DOCX 14 kb