Azo dye mineralization by Phanerochaete chysosporium in a sequencing bath reactor

The mineralization of the azo dye congo red by the fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium was studied in two sequential batch bioreactors (R1 and R2), operated in cycles of 48 h (step I) and 24 h (step II). In step I, glucose concentration was 1 g.L-1 in both reactors and in step II, 1 g.L-1 of glucose was maintained in R1, but R2 received no addition of glucose. In step I, the average dye removal efficiencies were 76 ± 29 % (R1) and 53 ± 15% (R2), while in step II the averages recorded for dye removal for R1 and R2 were 84 ± 15 and 70 ± 28%, respectively. The rates of dye removal were 0.04 h-1 in R1 and 0.03 h-1 in R2 in step I. Higher rates were obtained in step II, 0,07 h-1 and 0,02 h-1 for R1 and R2, respectively. The highest dye removal occurred in R1 and, in R2, the residual dye was further removed. Laccase was the oxidised at higher amount, in step I was 54 mol.min-1 for R1 and 38 molmin-1 for R2. The proposed treatment system was very effective in removing the azo dye, however the mineralization may not be complete and some by-products may have been formed, according to spectrofotometric analysis, were the peak corresponding to benzene, 220 nm, persisted.Acknowledges to the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) - Brazil for financial assistance Process no. 479374/2012-0.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pertussis may be the cause of prolonged cough in adolescents and adults in the interepidemic period.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of pertussis in adolescents and adults with cough lasting more than 14 days and less than 30 days. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study in interepidemic period of pertusis. Ten public health outpatient clinics in the city of Recife, Brazil, were randomly selected for the study. The study population consisted of individuals aged 10 years and over with cough that had lasted between 14 and 30 days. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for culture and PCR in order to identify Bordetella pertussis. We adopted the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US (CDC) definition of cases of pertussis. RESULTS: A total of 192 individuals were identified as suspected cases. Their mean age was 40.7 years. Pertussis was confirmed in 10 of the 192 suspected cases, with an estimated prevalence of 5.21% (95% confidence interval 2.03-8.38). All cases met the clinical case definition for pertussis; one suspect had both culture and PCR positive. PCR confirmed 100% of the cases, 7/10 by PCR and 3/10 by epidemiological linkage with a case confirmed by PCR. CONCLUSION: During an interepidemic period, 1 in 20 cases of prolonged cough had pertussis, suggesting this is an important cause of prolonged cough in adolescents and adults

Treatment of water with aromatic hydrocarbons by use of sequential batch reactor with fungi inoculum

Um reator em batelada, aerado, com biomassa imobilizada de Aspergillus niger AN400 foi operado durante 10 ciclos de 7 dias para remover benzeno (200 mg.L-1), tolueno (200 mg.L-1) e xileno (50 mg.L-1) - BTX - e de nutrientes de meio basal. O reator era alimentado semanalmente com 4 L do meio e glicose - 1 g.L-1, na Fase I, e 0,5 g.L-1, na Fase II. Os BTX foram detectados até o quarto dia de operação, em todos os ciclos. As melhores eficiências médias de remoção foram na Fase I: 75%de matéria orgânica solúvel, 80% de ortofosfato e 77% de amônia. O reator pode ser uma alternativa viável para tratamento de águas poluídas com BTX, porém há a necessidade de estudar o comportamento do reator durante período de operação mais longo e com ciclos reacionais mais curtos, bem como da identificação dos metabólitos produzidos

Estudo antropométrico dos Forames Palatinos em crânios secos do Mato Grosso do Sul

Introdução: Os forames palatinos são acidentes ósseos localizados no crânio, especificamente no palato ósseo, por onde passam estruturas vasculonervosas fundamentais na realização de cirurgias craniofaciais, especialmente na área da Odontologia e da Otorrinolaringologia. O estudo a respeito dos forames palatinos também é relevante para ampliar o estudo forense com base na observação de critérios que identifiquem o dimorfismo sexual. Objetivo: Realizar uma análise topográfica e morfológica dos forames palatinos maiores e menores e sua relação com outros acidentes ósseos, além de verificar a existência de diferenças significativas dos forames palatinos entre os sexos. Método: Foram selecionados 108 crânios secos humanos, de ambos os sexos, presentes no acervo do Laboratório de Anatomia da UFMS campus de Três Lagoas. O estudo foi realizado por meio da mensuração dos forames palatinos com o auxílio de dois paquímetros, determinação das distâncias entre o forame palatino maior direito e esquerdo e outros acidentes ósseos (forame incisivo, espinha posterior nasal, sutura interpalatina) e descrição do padrão encontrado. Resultado: Foram analisados 93 crânios, sendo 53 masculinos e 40 femininos. O FPM esteve bilateral em 100% dos crânios. Foi observado o predomínio do formato oval no FPM em crânios masculinos e do formato oval e redondo em crânios femininos. Não houve diferenças significativas entre as mensurações dos forames femininos e masculinos. Conclusão: As médias das mensurações obtidas são concordantes com diversos outros estudos encontrados na literatura, proporcionando, assim, maior conhecimento topográfico para cirurgiões craniofaciais

Viabilidade do tratamento de água residuária sintética têxtil em reator aeróbio de leito fixo

A continuous flow reactor, inoculated with Aspergillus niger AN400, with total volume of 5 L was operated at 29 degrees C, with eight hours of retention hydraulic time and 150 L.h(-1) of air flow rate in order to remove 25 mg.L(-1) of Congo Red dye from a synthetic wastewater. The feeding of the reactor, inoculated with Aspergillus niger AN400, was done in two phases: Phase I, with 0,5 g/L of saccharose and Phase II, with no saccharose. In Phase I, it was possible to verify efficiencies of organic matter and color (mg Pt.L(-1)) removal of 80 +/- 16% and 82 +/- 10%, respectively. In Phase II, the efficiency of organic matter removal was 75 +/- 13% and color removal was 89 +/- 7%. The higher removals of nutrients were achieved by the reactor in Phase I with 25% to ammonia, 90% to nitrite, 93% to nitrate and 21% to phosphorus. Apparently, the presence of saccharose improved the removal of the nutrients

Remoção de corante por uso de Aspergillus niger AN400 em reator em bateladas sequenciais

A sequential batch reactor (4 L) inoculated with Aspergillus niger was operated in order to remove congo red dye (10 mg L-1). The feeding of the reactor was done to each 7 days. The glucose was added in the concentration of 1 g.L-1 (Stage I) and 0.5 g L-1 (Stage II). The Stage III occurred without glucose addition. The Stage I was great to process, because the system reached the greater dye removal (95%) as well as the kinetic parameters ware the best - K M (0.7 g L-1) and k1 (0.025 h-1)