Soil Ammonification Activity in the Conditions of Mineral and Organic Fertilizer Use

Abstract: Two-year investigations (1996)(1997) were carried out to examine the effect of different N rates (N 1 -30 kg/ha, N 2 -60 kg/ha and N 3 -90 kg/ha), standard P and K amounts (75 kg/ha) and organic fertilizers (solid manure-45 t/ha and liquid manure-80 t/ha) on the microbiological activity of the smonitza soil under spring oats. The trial was set up on the Faculty of Agronomy Experimental Field in Cacak in a randomized block design with three replications. The effect of the applied fertilizers on soil microorganisms had been determined twice during the growing season and observed by establishing the number of ammonifiers and the soil proteinase activity using standard microbiological and biochemical methods. The investigations showed that the applied fertilization variants, sampling periods and study years had affected the number of microorganisms and the soil proteinase activity. Mineral fertilizers had caused a reduction in the number of ammonifiers. The N 3 variant had the highest inhibitory effect of all the variants of the mineral fertilizers studied. The inhibitory effect of the fertilizers used was more pronounced in the second sampling period. As opposed to that, the same fertilizers increased the soil proteinase activity, particularly in the first sampling period. Furthermore, the organic fertilizers used caused a reduction in the number of ammonifiers and proteinase activity. The number of ammonifiers was bigger in 1996 and the soil proteinase activity was reported to be higher during 1997

Effect of different fertilizers on the microbial activity and productivity of soil under potato cultivation

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the application of different rates of mineral nitrogen, well rotten farmyard manure and Klebsiella planticola SL09- based microbial biofertilizer (enteroplantin) on the count of soil microorganisms (total microbial count, counts of Azotobacter, oligonitrophilic bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes), stem height and yield of potato. The experiment was set up as a randomized block design in four replications at the experimental field of the Biotechnical Faculty, Podgorica in 2008. Potato cultivar Kennebec was used as the test plant. The trial involved six treatments: non-fertilized control; N1 treatment with 100 kg/ha CAN (calcium ammonium nitrate, 27% N); N2 treatment with 200 kg/ha CAN; N3 treatment with 300 kg/ha CAN; treatment with Enteroplantin– K. planticola SL09-based biofertilizer; and treatment with 30 t/ha solid well rotten farmyard manure. The results obtained suggested that well rotten farmyard manure induced the highest increase in microbial counts, potato yield and stem height. A similar effect on all microorganisms, except actinomycetes and fungi was seen with the use of K. planticola SL09-based biofertilizer. The potato yield and stem height obtained with the use of 300 kg/ha CAN was non-significantly higher than that of 200 kg/ha CAN treatment, with the count of the soil microorganisms tested been significantly reduced.Key words: Biofertilization, microorganisms, soil, manure, mineral nitrogen, potato, yield

EFFECT OF BACTERIAL FERTILIZER ON GROWTH, YIELD AND GRAPE QUALITY OF POTTED CABERNET SAUVIGNON (VITIS VINIFERA L.)

In these studies, one commercial bacterial fertilizer - BactoFil B10 was used during the first and second growing seasons of the potted vines. The influence of the fertilization was investigated on the vine growth – total leaf area, shoot diameter, dormant pruning weight and fresh root weight. The most expressed effect of Bactofil application was in the first vegetation with increases of the total leaf area of 9%, shoot length of 6% and shoot pruning weight of 14.6%, in comparison to the control. At the end of the second vegetation, plants were removed from the pots and the fresh root weight was measured. It was found that applied treatment was not influenced on the variations of the average root weight. The first grapes were obtained in the second vegetation, and treatment with BactoFil was not influenced on the differences in the yield, grape and berry weight. Also, treatment was not influenced on the must quality which was expressed over the dry matter content and total acid content

Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of integrated and conventionally grown strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)

Evaluation was performed of the effect made by integrated and conventional production systems on phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of cv. Senga Sengana strawberry grown under greenhouse conditions over two consecutive years. The experiment also involved three different types of fertilizer. The integrated production system provides signifi-cantly larger quantities of polyphenols as well as a higher antioxidant capacity, compared to values obtained using the conventional system. The investigation into total phenolics content and total antioxidant capacity, as well as individual flavonols and phenolic acids (except gallic acid) content reveals a pronounced effect of the applied biofertilizers (PGPR 1 and PGPR 2). On the other hand, applied chemical fertilizer (Multi KMg) gives the best results in terms of anthocyanins content. These results indicate that there were significant differences in phenols content among integrated and conventional production systems, as well as between biofertilizers and a chemical fertilizer