Experimental demonstration of a W-band gyroklystron amplifier

The experimental demonstration of a four cavity W-band (93 GHz) gyroklystron amplifier is reported. The gyroklystron has produced 67 kW peak output power and 28% efficiency in the TE011 mode using a 55 kV, 4.3 A electron beam. The full width at half maximum instantaneous bandwidth is greater than 460 MHz, a significant increase over the bandwidth demonstrated in previous W-band gyroklystron amplifier experiments. The amplifier is unconditionally stable at this operating point. Experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions

Errant Romanticism: Queering Gender and Sexuality in British Literature, 1790-1840

Error is both a purposeless wandering and a purposeful identification of a mistake. Each chapter analyzes texts from the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries which feature female characters and the epilogue turns to the autobiographical writing of a man in the 21st-century. Chapters on William Godwin\u27s memoirs of Mary Wollstonecraft, Amelia Alderson Opie\u27s Dangers of Coquetry , Anne Plumptre\u27s Something New, Harriet Martineau\u27s Illustrations of Political Economy, and Thomas Beatie\u27s autography Labor of Love feature characters---both real and fictional--- who destabilize what Bourdieu calls collective[ly] misrecogn[ized] understandings of identity as truth/error and either/or. Utilizing notions of error developed by Zachary Sng and Seth Lerer, I take up the category of error as a provisional and tactical strategy to argue that identities, especially gender identities, are errant: wandering, nonsystematic, and nonsystematizable. In doing so, I dislodge the notion that identity is always systematic and demonstrate its queer errancy. I analyze British literature written during the Romantic era, specifically from 1790-1840, because these years help to set the stage for the emergence of sexual and gender identity categories throughout the rest of the 19th century---a period that shapes today\u27s notions of sexuality and gender. Finally, the concept of errancy in particular addresses the concerns of scholars like Carla Freccero, Viviane Namaste and Steven Angelides who argue that queer has not yet gone far enough in its immateriality or in problematizing and addressing identity\u27s fixity

Beliefs about the appropriate degree of directiveness in the management relationship, as related to demographic characteristics, educational background, and organizational position

Correlations between beliefs about management and age, gender, nationality, level of education, education field, functional area, and hierarchical level were examined. Analyses were conducted at the ecological level and focused on beliefs regarding appropriate degree of directiveness in the managerial relationship. Two thousand staff members of an international intergovernmental organization received an electronically distributed written survey. Factor analysis was used to develop summated rating scales for each independent variables. Differences between subgroup means were then examined using ANOVA or t tests. The strength of the association between the independent variables and a common scale was assessed using eta squared. Directiveness was found to relate positively to age, and negatively to education level and hierarchical level. More directive, on average, than members of other groups were males, those educated in academic disciplines classified by Biglan as involving single thought paradigms or focusing on nonlife systems (e.g., physical sciences and economics), those in professional functional areas, and those from Japanese, Latin, and Nordic nationality groups. For all independent variables, differences reached high levels of significance (p \u3c .001). Hypotheses regarding the relative strength of association between independent variables and the common scale were not supported. The results suggest that information about subgroup membership can help managers better meet the needs of a diverse staff. The concept of directiveness proved highly effective in predicting outcomes but requires refinement. Further investigation into those independent variables that have not previously been widely investigated and replication of the study in other venues are recommended

Pulverized coal combustion: the influence of flame temperature and coal composition on thermal and fuel NOx

Journal ArticleA laboratory combustor was used to investigate the factors that influence the conversion of fuel nitrogen in coal during coal combustion. Fuel NO was isolated by experimentation utilizing Argon / Oxygen / Carbon Dioxide mixtures as the oxidant, and care was taken to compare cases with air at matched conditions. For both well mixed and slowly mixed flame types, fuel NO contributed over 75% of the total NO emissions for all conditions examined. Fuel NO was insensitive to temperature changes except when the adiabatic flame temperatures were above 2480°K (4000°F). At the highest adiabatic flame temperature, 2580°K (4200°F), a 10% increase in fuel NO was observed

Interpreting the Outer Space Treaty\u27s Non-Appropriation Principle: Customary International Law from 1967 to Today

SpaceX plans to have its first astronauts land on Mars by 2026. Blue Origin wants to take tourists to space by April 2019. The European Space Agency points to the possibilities of mining Helium-3 on the moon to provide cleaner energy here on Earth. Space tourism, exploration, and exploitation are very real possibilities in the near future—at least technologically. Legally, however, the way forward is less clear