17,969 research outputs found
Black and Blue: Exploring Racial Bias and Law Enforcement in the Killings of Unarmed Black Male Civilians
In late 2014, a series of highly publicized police killings of unarmed Black male civilians in the United States prompted large-scale social turmoil. In the current review, we dissect the psychological antecedents of the se killings and explain how the nature of police work may attract officers with distinct characteristics that may make them especially well-primed for negative interactions with Black male civilians. We use media reports to contextualize the precipitating events of the social unrest as we ground our explanations in theory and empirical research from social psychology and industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology. To isolate some of the key mechanisms at play, we disentangle racial bias (e.g., stereotyping processes) from common characteristics of law enforcement agents (e.g., social dominance orientation), while also addressing the interaction between racial bias and policing. By separating the moving parts of the phenomenon, we provide a more fine-grained analysis of the factors that may have contributed to the killings. In doing so, we endeavor to more effectively identify and develop solutions to eradicate excessive use of force during interactions between "Black" (unarmed Black male civilians) and "Blue" (law enforcement)
Metal chloride cathode for a battery
A method of fabricating a rechargeable battery is disclosed which includes a positive electrode which contains a chloride of a selected metal when the electrode is in its active state. The improvement comprises fabricating the positive electrode by: providing a porous matrix composed of a metal; providing a solution of the chloride of the selected metal; and impregnating the matrix with the chloride from the solution
Probing the gravitational geon
The Brill-Hartle gravitational geon construct as a spherical shell of small
amplitude, high frequency gravitational waves is reviewed and critically
analyzed. The Regge-Wheeler formalism is used to represent gravitational wave
perturbations of the spherical background as a superposition of tensor
spherical harmonics and an attempt is made to build a non-singular solution to
meet the requirements of a gravitational geon. High-frequency waves are seen to
be a necessary condition for the geon and the field equations are decomposed
accordingly. It is shown that this leads to the impossibility of forming a
spherical gravitational geon. The attempted constructs of gravitational and
electromagnetic geons are contrasted. The spherical shell in the proposed
Brill-Hartle geon does not meet the regularity conditions required for a
non-singular source and hence cannot be regarded as an adequate geon construct.
Since it is the high frequency attribute which is the essential cause of the
geon non-viability, it is argued that a geon with less symmetry is an unlikely
prospect. The broader implications of the result are discussed with particular
reference to the problem of gravitational energy.Comment: Replaced with revised version (substantial changes and additions,
conclusions unchanged), 36 pages, LaTex, 3 figures available from the author
The synthesis of a symmetrically substituted α-octa(isopentoxy)anthralocyanine
α-Octa(isopentoxy)anthralocyanine has been synthesized and is found to have an unprecedented low-energy Q-band absorption and a low first oxidation potential
Impurity and Trace Tritium Transport in Tokamak Edge Turbulence
The turbulent transport of impurity or minority species, as for example
Tritium, is investigated in drift-Alfv\'en edge turbulence. The full effects of
perpendicular and parallel convection are kept for the impurity species. The
impurity density develops a granular structure with steep gradients and locally
exceeds its initial values due to the compressibility of the flow. An
approximate decomposition of the impurity flux into a diffusive part and an
effective convective part (characterized by a pinch velocity) is performed and
a net inward pinch effect is recovered. The pinch velocity is explained in
terms of Turbulent Equipartition and is found to vary poloidally. The results
show that impurity transport modeling needs to be two-dimensional, considering
besides the radial direction also the strong poloidal variation in the
transport coefficients.Comment: 12 Pages, 5 Figure
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