1,249 research outputs found
PID20: SAVINGS IN DIRECT MEDICAL COSTS PRODUCED BY AN INHALED SOLUTION OF TOBRAMYCIN (TOBI) IN CHILDREN WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS
Coherent Atom-Molecule Oscillations in a Bose-Fermi Mixture
We create atom-molecule superpositions in a Bose-Fermi mixture of Rb-87 and
K-40 atoms. The superpositions are generated by ramping an applied magnetic
field near an interspecies Fano-Feshbach resonance to coherently couple atom
and molecule states. Rabi- and Ramsey-type experiments show oscillations in the
molecule population that persist as long as 150 microseconds and have up to 50%
contrast. The frequencies of these oscillations are magnetic-field dependent
and consistent with the predicted molecule binding energy. This quantum
superposition involves a molecule and a pair of free particles with different
statistics (i.e. bosons and fermions), and furthers exploration of
atom-molecule coherence in systems without a Bose-Einstein condensate.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
The Simultaneous Model-Based Estimation of Joint, Muscle, and Tendon Stiffness is Highly Sensitive to the Tendon Force-Strain Relationship
Detection of lensing substructure using ALMA observations of the dusty galaxy SDP.81
We study the abundance of substructure in the matter density near galaxies
using ALMA Science Verification observations of the strong lensing system
SDP.81. We present a method to measure the abundance of subhalos around
galaxies using interferometric observations of gravitational lenses. Using
simulated ALMA observations, we explore the effects of various systematics,
including antenna phase errors and source priors, and show how such errors may
be measured or marginalized. We apply our formalism to ALMA observations of
SDP.81. We find evidence for the presence of a
subhalo near one of the images, with a significance of in a joint
fit to data from bands 6 and 7; the effect of the subhalo is also detected in
both bands individually. We also derive constraints on the abundance of dark
matter subhalos down to , pushing down to the
mass regime of the smallest detected satellites in the Local Group, where there
are significant discrepancies between the observed population of luminous
galaxies and predicted dark matter subhalos. We find hints of additional
substructure, warranting further study using the full SDP.81 dataset
(including, for example, the spectroscopic imaging of the lensed carbon
monoxide emission). We compare the results of this search to the predictions of
CDM halos, and find that given current uncertainties in the host halo
properties of SDP.81, our measurements of substructure are consistent with
theoretical expectations. Observations of larger samples of gravitational
lenses with ALMA should be able to improve the constraints on the abundance of
galactic substructure.Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, Comments are welcom
Interprofessional Inconsistencies in the Diagnosis of Shoulder Instability: Survey Results of Physicians and Rehabilitation Providers
Background: Clinicians of many specialties within sports medicine care for athletes with shoulder instability, but successful outcomes are inconsistent. Consistency across specialties in the diagnosis of shoulder instability is critical for care of the athlete, yet the extent of divergence in its diagnosis is unknown.
Hypothesis: Physicians differ from rehabilitation providers in which findings they deem clinically important to differentiate shoulder instability from impingement, and in how they diagnose athlete scenarios with atraumatic shoulder instability.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: Physicians (orthopaedic surgeons, primary care sports medicine physicians) and rehabilitation providers (physical therapists, athletic trainers) were asked via an online survey to rate clinical factors used to diagnose shoulder instability. Clinicians were also asked to diagnose two athlete scenarios with concurrent clinical findings of atraumatic shoulder instability and impingement, differentiated by the absence or presence of a positive sulcus sign.
Results: Responses were recorded from 888 clinicians. Orthopaedic surgeons (N=170) and primary care sports medicine physicians (N=108) ranked physical examination factors as more important for the diagnosis of shoulder instability than patient history factors, whereas physical therapists (N=379) and athletic trainers (N=231) preferred patient history factors. Orthopaedic surgeons differed from physical therapists and athletic trainers in their clinical diagnoses for both scenarios (P≤0.001).
Conclusion: A lack of consistency exists among sports medicine clinicians in recognizing which clinical factors are important when used to diagnose shoulder instability and in diagnoses given with concurrent findings of impingement.
Level of Evidence: Level 3
4-Aminopyridine-induced epileptogenesis depends on activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK
Extracellular signal-regulated kinases such as ERK1 [p44
mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)] and ERK2 (p42
MAPK) are activated in the CNS under physiological and
pathological conditions such as ischemia and epilepsy. Here,
we studied the activation state of ERK1/2 in rat hippocampal
slices during application of the K+ channel blocker 4-aminopyridine
(4AP, 50 lM), a procedure that enhances synaptic
transmission and leads to the appearance of epileptiform
activity. Hippocampal slices superfused with 4AP-containing
medium exhibited a marked activation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation
that peaked within about 20 min. These effects
were not accompanied by changes in the activation state of
c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), another member of the MAP
kinase superfamily. 4AP-induced ERK1/2 activation
was inhibited by the voltage-gated Na+ channel blocker
tetrodotoxin (1 lM). We also found that application of the ERK
pathway inhibitors U0126 (50 lM) or PD98059 (100 lM)
markedly reduced 4AP-induced epileptiform synchronization,
thus abolishing ictal discharges in the CA3 area. The effects
induced by U0126 or PD98059 were not associated with
changes in the amplitude and latency of the field potentials
recorded in the CA3 area following electrical stimuli delivered
in the dentate hylus. These data demonstrate that activation of
ERK1/2 accompanies the appearance of epileptiform activity
induced by 4AP and suggest a cause-effect relationship
between the ERK pathway and epileptiform synchronization
Transgenic Restoration of Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acids in Insulin Target Tissues Improves Resolution Capacity and Alleviates Obesity-Linked Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in High-Fat–Fed Mice
The Worldvolume Action of Kink Solitons in AdS Spacetime
A formalism is presented for computing the higher-order corrections to the
worldvolume action of co-dimension one solitons. By modifying its potential, an
explicit "kink" solution of a real scalar field in AdS spacetime is found. The
formalism is then applied to explicitly compute the kink worldvolume action to
quadratic order in two expansion parameters--associated with the hypersurface
fluctuation length and the radius of AdS spacetime respectively. Two
alternative methods are given for doing this. The results are expressed in
terms of the trace of the extrinsic curvature and the intrinsic scalar
curvature. In addition to conformal Galileon interactions, we find a
non-Galileon term which is never sub-dominant. This method can be extended to
any conformally flat bulk spacetime.Comment: 32 pages, 3 figures, typos corrected and additional comments adde
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