Risk of misdiagnosis and overtreatment in patients with main pancreatic duct dilatation and suspected combined/main-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms

Segmental/diffuse dilatation of the main pancreatic duct (MPD) is the typical feature of combined/main-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (CMD-IPMNs). MPD dilation in IPMNs may be also expression of mucus hypersecretion/obstructive chronic pancreatitis (OCP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and extension of MPD involvement by tumor/OCP and assess the risk of overtreatment

2019 State of Climate Services: Agriculture and Food Security

In 2018, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement at the 24th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) called on the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) through its Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) to regularly report on the state of climate services with a view to “facilitating the development and application of methodologies for assessing adaptation needs” (Decision 11/CMA.1). This inaugural 2019 State of Climate Services Report focuses on agriculture and food security. It reviews countries’ priorities on climate services for adaptation, noting that agriculture is one of the highest, and identifies priority capacity needs. It examines capacity gaps across six components of the climate services value chain including: governance, basic systems, user interface, capacity development, provision and application of climate services, and monitoring and evaluation. The report provides case studies, examples and explanations as to the role of climate information and services to support agriculture in the face of climate variability and change, assesses gaps and makes recommendations. This analysis helps highlight both challenges and opportunities for climate service efforts aimed at promoting climate resilient development and adaptation action