Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of the 175 Soybean Breeding Lines and Varieties Cultivated in West Siberia and Other Regions of Russia.

peer reviewedSoybean is a leguminous plant cultivated in many countries and is considered important in the food industry due to the high levels of oil and protein content in the beans. The high demand for soybeans and its products in the industry requires the expansion of cultivation areas. Despite climatic restrictions, West Siberia is gradually expanding its area of soybean cultivation. In this study, we present the first analysis of the population structure and genetic diversity of the 175 soybean Glycine max breeding lines and varieties cultivated in West Siberia (103 accessions) and other regions of Russia (72 accessions), and we compare them with the cultivated soybean varieties from other geographical locations. Principal component analysis revealed several genetic clusters with different levels of genetic heterogeneity. Studied accessions are genetically similar to varieties from China, Japan, and the USA and are genetically distant to varieties from South Korea. Admixture analysis revealed four ancestry groups based on genetic ancestry and geographical origin, which are consistent with the regions of cultivation and origin of accessions and correspond to the principal component analysis result. Population statistics, including nucleotide diversity, Tajima's D, and linkage disequilibrium, are comparatively similar to those observed for studied accessions of a different origin. This study provides essential population and genetic information about the unique collection of breeding lines and varieties cultivated in West Siberia and other Russian regions to foster further evolutionary, genome-wide associations and functional breeding studies

THEORY OF THE ABSOLUTE REST TIME - Relativistic acceleration of time

Из специальной теории относительности Эйнштейна следует релятивистский подход. известны эффекты, связанные с замедлением времени вследствие увеличения скорости. Этот теория подтверждается изменением хода времени на космических аппаратах, имеющих высокая скорость, чтобы оставаться на орбите Земли. Однако следует учитывать, что эти изменения носят обратимый характер. При уменьшении скорости прохождение времени ускоряется, и этот эффект является связано это не только с замедлением посадки космических аппаратов, но и с тем, что ход времени, в котором существует человечество, уже замедлился. Понимание, если этот процесс логически вытекает из знания о движении тел в космическом пространстве и из полученных знаний о замедлении времени при увеличении скорости движения. Таким образом, скорость движения галактики, Солнечной системы и земли внутри нее Солнечной системы неизбежно влияет на ход времени, воспринимаемого человеком. человечество. А также движение космических аппаратов в направлении, противоположном основному направление движения может привести к уменьшению суммы скоростей и адекватное ускорение хода времени. The effect opposite to relativistic time dilation is most logically can be called relativistic time acceleration. The effect of relativistic time acceleration may find application in further exploration of the deep space, and also may be taken into account in various calculations. In the logical research proposed in this paper the relativistic effects related to the gravitation of objects are, on the whole, not considered, since the research involves the existing objects only indirectly, but this influence should be considered in precise calculations. The purpose of this study is the development of theoretical basis of this effect and drawing attention of the scientific community to the research of the opportunities related to it.</p

DETERMINING THE INCREASE OF THE POWER SUPPLY OF THE PILED PIER THROUGH THE USE OF DRIVEN ANCHOR

The forest industry in the Russian Federation is actively developing. At the same time, technological and production equipment is being modernized, and timber supply chains are being optimized. A large number of timber industry enterprises have increased the volume of transportation of round timber by water modes of transport, in particular, in rafts in the North-West Federal District of the Russian Federation in recent years. Pile piers are used to prevent "drying" of rafts and fastening of forest transport units in a riverbed. In the case when the enterprise’s raid is at the mouth of the river, the pile pier is subjected to additional loads due to freezing of ice and fluctuation of the water level in the river as a result of tidal phenomena in the spring-winter period. ВAs a result, pile pier is dismantled by ice. It leads to the annual replacement of pile dolphins in spring after passing the ice drift. According to the authors, this is not economically profitable, as it forces enterprises to spend annually labor and material resources on the manufacture and installation of pile channel piers. However, their installation should be carried out in a short time. When studying the state of the issue, a pile pier with an increased holding force has been selected, which is additionally equipped with a holding device in the form of a driven anchor. The paper presents the results of a study of the state of the question under study, the research methodology, analysis of experimental data and the obtained mathematical dependencies. The obtained experimental data and dependences have been processed by standard statistical tools.</jats:p

Primary Radiolytic Reactions in the Auger Blob Formed by Radioactive Transformation of 57Co\text{}^{57}Co into 57Fe\text{}^{57}Fe in Frozen Aqueous Medium

The emission of the Auger electrons during the formation of the Mössbauer nucleus $\text{}^{57}Fe$ leads not only to the formation of multicharged $\text{}^{57}Fe^{n+}$ ion, but also to the appearance of the Auger blob, a cloud of several hundreds of ion-electron pairs ($H_2O^{+}$, e¯) in the solvent around the Fe ion. Fast radiation-chemical reactions therein determine the experimentally observable ratio of the yields of final chemically stable charged states of the Mössbauer ions ($Fe^{3+}$ and $Fe^{2+}$). This ratio strongly depends on reaction rates constants between $H_2O^{+}$, e¯, and the solute S. We have shown that in contrast to radiation chemical data the reactivity of $NO_{3}^{-}$ anions with quasi-free track electrons in frozen aqueous solutions exceeds those of $H_{3}O^{+}$, $ClO_{4}^{-}$, and $HSO_{4}^{-}$ ions only by a factor of three instead of ≈ 100 which follows from the radiation chemical experiments