5 research outputs found

    Water retention in mulching for irrigated bean under no tillage system

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    O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar a retenção de água na cobertura morta de milho, crescimento e produção do feijoeiro irrigado em sistema plantio direto. O experimento constituiu-se de dois delineamentos, um para verificar a quantidade de água armazenada na cobertura morta de milho, em blocos casualizados, no esquema fatorial (3 x 2 x 3), três lâminas de irrigação (L1=0% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETC), L2=50% da ETC e L3=100% da ETC), duas coberturas (6 e 12 Mg ha-1) e três repetições. A retenção de água foi obtida pela pesagem da palhada antes da irrigação, 2 horas e 24 horas depois dos eventos de irrigação, durante o ciclo da cultura. O outro delineamento voltado para analisar o desenvolvimento do feijoeiro, em blocos casualizados no esquema fatorial (3 x 3 x 3), três lâminas (L1=0%, L2=50% e L3=100% da ETC), duas coberturas (6 e 12 Mg ha-1) e a testemunha (sem palha) em três repetições. O maior volume de água retida foi na quantidade de cobertura morta equivalente a 6,0 Mg ha-1. Concluiu-se que a utilização de 12 Mg ha-¹ de cobertura morta de milho proporciona melhor aproveitamento da água pela cultura do feijão irrigado e auxilia na relação solo-água-planta-atmosfera por diminuir a temperatura e a evaporação da água do solo e aumentar a permanência da umidade no perfil do solo e que o crescimento diferenciado do feijoeiro nas condições de cobertura morta avaliadas interfere na retenção de água pela palhada depositada na superfície do solo.203557569The objective of this study was to evaluate water retention in corn mulching, bean growth and yield in no tillage system. Two experimental designs were used, the first one to evaluate water retention in corn mulching using randomized blocks , factorial design (3 x 2 x 3), three irrigation depths (L1 = 0% crop evapotranspiration - Etc, L2 = 50% Etc and L3 = 100% Etc), two levels of corn mulching (6 and 12 Mg ha-1) and three replicates. Water retention was obtained by weighing the chaff before irrigation, two hours and 24 hours after irrigation during the crop development stages. The second design aimed to analyze bean crop growth using a factorial randomized block design (3 x 3 x 3), three levels of irrigation (L1=0%, L2=50% and L3=100% ETc), two levels of corn mulching (6 and 12 Mg ha-1) and the control (no mulching) in three replicates. The highest water retention was found in the 6.0 Mg ha-1 corn mulching level. Therefore, the use of 12 Mg ha-1 corn mulching level provides better water use by the bean irrigated crop and aids the soil-plant-water-atmosphere relationship as it lowers the temperature and evaporation of soil water. Also, it increases the length of staying of humidity in the soil profile. Moreover, the differentiated growth of bean in the evaluated mulching conditions interferes in water retention by the chaff on the soil surface

    Water Depth, Filling Time And Volume Of Wick Irrigation Equipment And Determination Of Water Distribution Uniformity In Substrates [altura Da Lâmina, Tempo E Volume De Enchimento De Um Equipamento De Irrigação Por Pavio E Determinação Da Uniformidade De Distribuição De água Em Substratos]

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    The aims of this study were to evaluate the water depth, filling time and volume in a wick irrigation equipment using auto compensating gutters and to determine the water distribution uniformity (WDU) in these equipments filled with organic commercial substrates (pine bark/PB and coconut coir/CC). We assembled two experimental modules in a completely randomized design with five replications. There was variation in water depth measurements (1.6 to 4.0 cm), even with the equipment leveled. Average filling time was 6h22min for Module 1 with PB and 3h45min for Module 2 with CC. The filling volume was variable, showing that gutters in the extremities (No. 1 and 5) had lower volumes in Module 1 and in the beginning (No. 1 and 2) in Module 2. Volumetric soil moisture (O) ranged from 42 to 94% in Module 1 and from 24 to 72% in Module 2, with isolated points of desiccation and/or flooding. Water depth, filling time and volume were disuniform in all experimental modules and auto compensating gutters, indicating equipment imperfections. Water distribution was variable in both substrates due to their hydro-physical characteristics and also water depth in the gutters, with higher humidity and water distribution uniformity in pine bark than in coconut coir.712273281Andriolo, J.L., Luz, G.L., Giraldi, C., Godoi, R.S., Barros, G.T., Cultivo hidropônico da alface empregando substratos: Uma alternativa a NFT? (2004) Horticultura Brasileira, 22, pp. 794-798Burgess, S.S.O., Can hydraulic redistribution put Bread on our table? (2011) Plant and Soil, 341, pp. 25-29Caron, J., Elrick, D.E., Beeson, R., Boudreau, J., Defining critical capillary rise properties for growing media in nurseries (2005) Soil Science Society American Journal, 69, pp. 794-806(1997) Manual De Métodos De Análises De Solo, pp. 15-21. , EMBRAPA - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Rio de Janeiro: Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de SolosFermino, M.H., Uso da análise física na avaliação da qualidade de componentes e substratos (2002) Caracterização, Manejo E Qualidade De Substratos Para Produção De Plantas, pp. 45-52. , FURLANI, A.M.BATAGLIA, O.C.ABREU, M.F.ABREU, C.A.FURLANI, P.QUAGGIO, J.A, Campinas: IAC, Documentos IAC, 70Grant, O.M., Davies, M.J., Longbottom, H., Atkinson, C.J., Irrigation scheduling and irrigation systems: Optimizing irrigation efficiency for container ornamental shrubs (2009) Irrigation Science, 27, pp. 139-153James, E., van Iersel, M.W., Ebb and flow production of petunias and begonias as affected by fertilizers with different phosphorus content (2001) HortScience, 36, pp. 282-285Kang, S.W., Seo, S.G., Pak, C.H., Capillary wick width and water level in channel affects water absorption properties of growing media and growth of chrysanthemum and poinsettia cultured in c-channel subirrigation system (2009) Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology, 27, pp. 86-92Kinoshita, T., Masuda, M., Differential nutrient uptake and its transport in tomato plants on different fertilizer regimens (2011) HortScience, 46, pp. 1170-1175Laviola, B.G., Martinez, H.E., Mauri, A.L., Influência do nível de adubação de plantas matrize s na formação de mudas de cafeeiros em sistema hidropônico (2007) Ciência E Agrotecnologia, 31, pp. 1043-1047Millar, A.A., (1988) Drenagem De Terras Agrícolas: Bases Agronômicas, pp. 17-28. , São Paulo: EditerraMillion, J., Yeager, T., Larsen, C., Water use and fertilizer response of azalea using several no-leach irrigation methods (2007) HortTechnology, 17, pp. 21-25Million, J.B., Barrett, J.E., Nell, T.A., Clark, D.G., Inhibiting growth of flowering crops with Ancymidol and Paclobutrazol in subirrigation water (1999) HortScience, 34, pp. 1103-1105Milner, J., Manejo da irrigação e fertirrigação em substratos Caracterização, Manejo E Qualidade De Substratos Para Produção De Plantas, pp. 45-52. , FURLANI, A.M.C.BATAGLIA, O.C.ABREU, M.F.ABREU, C.A.FURLANI, P.R.QUAGGIO, J.A., Campinas: IAC, 2002, Documentos IAC, 70Oh, M.M., Cho, Y.Y., Kim, K.S., Son, J.E., Comparison of water content of growing media and growth of potted kalanchoe among nutrient-flow wick culture and other irrigation systems (2007) HortTechnology, 17, pp. 62-66Oh, M., Son, J.E., Phytophthora nicotianae transmission and growth of potted kalanchoe in two recirculating subirrigation systems (2008) Scientia Horticulturae, 119, pp. 75-78R: A Language and Environment For Statistical Computing, , http://www.r-project.org, R DEVELOPMENT CORE TEAM, Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2012. Disponível, Acesso em 28/2/2012Richards, D.L., Reed, D.W., New Guinea Impatiens growth response and nutrient release from controlled-release fertilizer in a recirculating subirrigation and top-watering system (2004) HortScience, 39, pp. 280-286Scatoloni, M.E., Paterniani, J.E.S., Remoção dos sólidos suspensos na água de irrigação utilizando mantas sintéticas não tecidas (2001) Revista Brasileira De Engenharia Agrícola E Ambiental, 5, pp. 382-385Silva, J.O., Souza, P.A., Gomes Jr., J., Pereira, P.R., Rocha, F.A., Crescimento e composição mineral da alface no sistema hidropônico por capilaridade (2005) Irriga, 10, pp. 146-154Son, J.E., Jung, D.H., Lui, Y.J., Analysis of root zone environment in pot plant production system with subirrigation method using wick (2002) Acta Horticulture, 578, pp. 389-393Son, J.E., Oh, M.M., Lu, Y.J., Kim, K.S., Giacomelli, G.A., Nutrient-flow wick culture system for potted plant production: System characteristics and plant growth (2006) Scientia Horticulturae, 107, pp. 392-398Zanetti, M., Fernandes, C., Cazetta, J.O., Corá, J.E., Mattos J., D., Características físicas de substratos para a produção de mudas cítricas sob telado (2003) Laranja, 24, pp. 519-53
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