Development and validation of a taqman multiplex pcr assay for the gene dosage quantification in cancer

Gene dosage tests are very important for the molecular diagnosis of diseases caused by either deletion or amplification of a specific DNA region containing certain genes. Changes in gene copy number may lead to under- or over expression of genes responsible for the disease phenotype. Discovering these defects and understanding their biological meaning can lead to improved therapeutic opportunities in cancer. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) still remains the gold standard method for gene dosage analysis. However have several limitations since locus specific probes are expensive, the procedure is significantly time-consuming and tandem microduplications may be undetected as a result of the limited resolution on metaphase spreads. Quantitative Real-time PCR is a rapid assay with results available in 24h, has advantages in terms of sensitivity and specificity. In the present study, we have developed an assay using TaqManTM multiplex Real-time PCR for gene dosage analysis of oncogenes EGFR, ERBB2, AKT2, CMYC, MYCN, MYCL1, PI3KCA and REL in human cell lines. This method calculates the copy number of each oncogen and is a promising alternative technique to FISH and Southern blot. Therefore, this technique could be considered as a powerful method gene dosage quantitation in clinical and research genetic surveys.La evaluación de la dosis génica constituye una herramienta importante para el diagnóstico molecular de enfermedades causadas tanto por la pérdida o amplificación de una región específica de ADN. El cambio en el número de copias génicas, puede conllevar a la pérdida o sobreexpresión de los genes responsables de fenotipo de la enfermedad. El descubrimiento de estas alteraciones y la comprensión de su significado biológico pueden conducir al incremento de las oportunidades terapéuticas en cáncer. La hibridación fluorescente in situ (FISH) es el método de referencia para el análisis de la dosis génica “amplificación”. Sin embargo, presenta algunas limitaciones relacionadas con el costo de las sondas locus específicas; el procedimiento es demorado y las microduplicaciones en tándem podrían no ser detectadas como resultado de la limitada resolución de las metafases. En este sentido, la PCR cuantitativa es una metodología rápida y tiene ventajas en términos de sensibilidad y especificidad. En el presente estudio, se estandarizó la PCR multiplex en tiempo real para el análisis de la dosis génica de los oncogenesEGFR, ErbB2, AKT2, cMYC, MYCN, MYCL1, PI3KCA y REL en líneas celulares tumorales humanas, como una técnica alternativa al FISH para evaluar la dosis génica en muestras clínicas de cáncer

Human papilloma virus genotypes in dysplasia and epithelial hyperplasia of oral cavity using the luminex xmap technology. A multicenter study

Oral cancer associated with high risk (HPV-HR) human papilloma virus (HPV) has been increasing. HPV-HR has been associated with epithelial dysplasia, however, little information exists on its frequency in epithelial hyperplasia lesions. The aim of this study is to compare HPV genotypes in dysplastic and hyperplastic lesions of oral cavity. Two hundred and fifty oral lesions: 131 dysplasia and 119 hyperplasia from two regions of Colombia were evaluated. One hundred seventy-four coming from urban area and 104 from a high risk population to oral cancer from a rural area. HPV was identified by qPCR and Twenty-four HPVs genotypes were evaluated by Luminex® technology. Logistic regressions were performed to establish the associations between HPV infections with oral dysplasia. Twenty-eight percent (70/250) of the samples were positives for any HPV and HPV-HRs were more frequently than low risk HPVs. HPV-16 was the most detected genotype (16%) followed by HPV-31, 53, 18 and 45. HPV, HPV-HRs and HPV-16 were only associated with dysplasia in urban area; OR 3.28 (CI 95% 1.49-7.17), OR 7.94 (CI 95% 2.97-21.2) and OR 5.90 (CI 95% 2.05-17). Individuals in rural area showed more HPV and HPV-HRs infection in hyperplasic lesions than urban population. The majority of HPV+ lesions had multi-type of HPV (52/70) and the urban individuals showed more genotypes than rural population. HPV-.HRs are frequently found in hyperplastic and dysplastic epithelial lesions. HPV-HRs and HPV-16 were associated with dysplasia in urban population. Rural high risk population and urban population differ in the frequency and variety of HPV genotypes