Correlations between Growth Kinetics and Microstructure for Scales Formed by High-Temperature Oxidation of Pure Nickel. II. Growth Kinetics

The oxidation kinetics of high-purity nickel were studied between 500 and 1200°C, in pure oxygen at atmospheric pressure, for aûerage oxide-scale thicknesses of 1, 5, 10, and 30 μm. In the oûerall temperature range studied, a decrease in the parabolic rate constant kp with increasing scale thickness was observed. Depending on temperature and oxide-scale thickness, growth kinetics can be interpreted as a mixture of parabolic- and cubic-growth kinetics. Possible correlations between growth kinetics and microstructures of the oxide scales were inûestigated. From this set of experimental data, oxidation-kinetics models were tested. In particular, the effect of grain-boundary diffusion on NiO-growth kinetics was discussed. The correlations between growth kinetics and oxide microstructures appear to be more complex than usually reported

Dubo… Dubon… Dubonnet. Lecture des problématiques alcooliques aux regards des faits de société

Le travail au quotidien avec des personnes en situation d’exclusion ouvre des voies de questionnement multiples sur le rapport que la société entretient avec ce « produit » si particulier qu’est alcool. En partant des problématiques psychiques et des impasses du sujet en désocialisation, au travers des manifestations symptomatiques et de différentes acceptations du réel, l’auteur cherche à mettre en évidence les maillages sociaux dans lesquels sont imbriquées ces personnes trop communément étiquetées d’alcooliques. C’est dans les plis du langage, dans ce processus qualifié d’oubliance, qu’il cherche les traces d’un désir qui se manifeste sans modération

La psychanalyse se meurt, la psychanalyse est morte, vive la G.R.C. psychiatrique!

Dans cet article, l’auteur est intéressé par la psychanalyse comme pratique théorique. Il fait le lien entre la psychanalyse et le marxisme, et nous montre que Freud n’était pas aussi éloigné du marxisme comme certaines personnes le pensent. Ses réflexions et expériences l’amènent à fortement critiquer la psychiatrie qui, de son point de vue, est une pratique répressive contribuant au mérite de la psychanalyse comme pratique qui questionne la vérité du sujet.In this article the author is interested by psychoanalysis as a theoretical practice. He makes the connection between psychoanalysis and marxism, and shows us that Freud was not as far removed from marxism as some people think. His reflexions and experiences bring him to strongly criticize psychiatry which, in his view, is a repressive practice contributing to the murder of psychoanalysis as a practice which questions the truth of the subject

Les lieux de l’écoute : Pour une clinique psychanalytique des psychoses...1

Dans le premier de deux articles, l'auteur décrit son approche de l'écoute du psychotique. D'une expérience personnelle infantile, dans ce cas le personnage de madame Withers, il explique le concept du langage signifiant et sa relation au corps érotique. Il intègre alors les notions de refoulement, transfert et inconscient dans cette perspective. Il trace ensuite les motifs justifiant une clinique psychanalytique des psychoses concluant que c'est dans le milieu institutionnel, que la question concernant les conditions nécessaires à un psychanalyste est posée.In this, the first of two articles, the author describes his approach of listening to the psychotic. From personal childhood experience, in this case the character Miss Withers, he explains the concept of significant language and its relation to the erotic body. He then integrates the notions of repression, the unconscious and transference into this perspective. Then he outlines the motives justifying a clinical psychoanalysis of the psychoses concluding that it is within the institutional milieu, that the question concerning the conditions 'necessary to a psy

L’élangage de la Folie

Après avoir décrit le chaos existant dans les approches thérapeutiques, politiques et méthodologiques de la folie, l'auteur souligne l'importance du langage dans l'explication de la totalité des attitudes regardant le fou. Il formule deux hypothèses : écouter la folie peut être réalisée par la connaissance de ce que le discours du fou touche en nous, et tend à modifier parmi notre conception ; la pratique du discours du fou peut éviter les biais en autant qu'il est enraciné dans la qualité de l'écoute qui permet n'importe quoi d'arriver à ceux qui se mettent dans une telle position d'écoute. Ces hypothèses sont démontrées par une analyse des textes et entrevues de personnes qui ont vécu la psychose.Following a description of the chaos existent in the therapeutic, political and methodological approaches to madness, the author underlines the importance of language in the explanation of the totality of attitudes regarding the insane. He formulates two hypotheses: listening to madness can be accomplished by the awareness of what the speech of the insane touches in us and tends to modify among our conception; the practice of speaking of madness can avoid bias in as much as it is rooted in a quality of hearing which permits anything to happen to those who put themselves in such a hearing situation. These hypotheses are then demonstrated by an analysis of texts and interviews with people having experienced psychosis

Brachypodium distachyon as a genetic model pathosystem to study resistance against fungal pathogens of small grain cereals

ABSTRACT Fusarium head blight (FHB) and other Fusarium diseases of wheat and other small-grain cereals cause yield reduction and grain contamination with harmful mycotoxins, mainly deoxynivalenol (DON). Little is known about the mechanistic basis of resistance to Fusarium in cereals due to the large, polyploid and unsequenced genome of wheat. Host ethylene (ET) signalling was previously shown to be a factor of susceptibility to FHB. Chapter 2 uses wheat EMS mutant lines characterized for altered senescence to test for a relationship between ET-sensitivity, senescence and resistance to FHB. Candidate mutant lines displaying high level of resistance to FHB were identified and resistance was associated with delayed senescence, reduced ET-sensitivity, or developmental delay. Brachypodium distachyon (Bd) has the potential to serve as a model pathosystem relevant to small-grain cereals. Chapter 3 provides evidence of compatibility between Bd and the main causal agents of FHB and shows that symptom development mirrors closely that in wheat. Natural variation in disease resistance exists among Bd accessions and a novel route for initial infection is suggested. Bd is also compatible with other important pathogens of small-grain cereals causing ramularia, eyespot and take-all diseases. In Chapter 4, a preliminary study of Bd T-DNA mutant lines altered in phytohormone biosynthesis or response investigates alteration of Fusarium resistance. Mutation of the main brassinosteroid (BR) receptor (BRI1) was characterized and validated. Other mutants defective in auxin or ET responsiveness and jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis were investigated. Results suggest that JA and BRI1 promote disease susceptibility. Finally, Chapter 5 uses a chemical and genetic approach to investigate the mechanisms of DON phytotoxicity using the Bd root system. Effects induced by the mycotoxin are compared with BRs, inhibitors of protein synthesis and compounds altering BR biosynthesis or signalling. Results suggest that DON may disrupt host BR homeostasis to promote disease susceptibility

Sept ans après

Sept ans après l'interruption de son analyse, Norbert vient revoir son analyste. Il lui raconte ce qui s'est passé pendant ces sept années avant de lui poser une question. À l'audition de ce récit d'errance puis de la découverte d'un certain équilibre, l'analyste se souvient de certains «moments» de l'analyse de Norbert, des jeux transférentiels, de la structure familiale. Il entr'aperçoit, par associations, des perspectives théoriques nouvelles sur la question du temps en psychanalyse, sur celle du père dans les psychoses, l'enkystement du processus psychotique, enfin il s'interroge sur sa place en rapport à la question du «nom-du-père», lorsque Norbert lui demande pour terminer s'il sera toujours là lorsqu'il aura le désir de reprendre et de continuer son voyage analytique.Seven years after the interruption of his analysis, Norbert comes back to see his analyst. He tells him what happened during the seven years before asking him a question. Having heard this account of wandering and of the discovery of a certain equilibrium, the analyst remembers certain "moments" of the analysis of Norbert, the transferential activity, the family structure. He has a beginning perception, through associations, of new theoretical perspectives on the question of time in psychoanalysis, on that of the father in the psychoses, the cystic-like growth of the psychotic process. Finally he questions himself on his place in relation to the question of the "father's name" when Norbert asks him, in ending, if he will still be there when he will want to take up his analytic journey again