1,352 research outputs found
Knowing What, How and Why: A Near Complete Solution for Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis
Target-based sentiment analysis or aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA)
refers to addressing various sentiment analysis tasks at a fine-grained level,
which includes but is not limited to aspect extraction, aspect sentiment
classification, and opinion extraction. There exist many solvers of the above
individual subtasks or a combination of two subtasks, and they can work
together to tell a complete story, i.e. the discussed aspect, the sentiment on
it, and the cause of the sentiment. However, no previous ABSA research tried to
provide a complete solution in one shot. In this paper, we introduce a new
subtask under ABSA, named aspect sentiment triplet extraction (ASTE).
Particularly, a solver of this task needs to extract triplets (What, How, Why)
from the inputs, which show WHAT the targeted aspects are, HOW their sentiment
polarities are and WHY they have such polarities (i.e. opinion reasons). For
instance, one triplet from "Waiters are very friendly and the pasta is simply
average" could be ('Waiters', positive, 'friendly'). We propose a two-stage
framework to address this task. The first stage predicts what, how and why in a
unified model, and then the second stage pairs up the predicted what (how) and
why from the first stage to output triplets. In the experiments, our framework
has set a benchmark performance in this novel triplet extraction task.
Meanwhile, it outperforms a few strong baselines adapted from state-of-the-art
related methods.Comment: This paper is accepted in AAAI 202
The role of lake heat flux in the growth and melting of ice
For shallow lakes, ice mass balance is largely dominated by thermodynamic processes. The heat flux from lake water plays a critical role for ice growth and melting. In this study, we applied a numerical thermodynamic lake model to investigate the sensitivity of the lake ice mass balance to the lake heat flux during the growth and melting periods. Several groups of modelling experiments forced by simplified climatological weather data have been carried out. Two sites, Lake Wuliangsuhai in Inner Mongolia, China’s arid region and Lake Orajärvi in snowy Finnish Lapland, were investigated. Lake heat flux affects inversely proportional maximum ice thickness followed by ice break-up date. The solar radiation and surface albedo complicate the effect of lake heat flux on lake ice mass balance during melting season. With heavy snowfall, the increase of lake heat flux adds on the formation of granular ice but reduces the formation of columnar ice. Under climatological weather conditions, the ice cover winter seasonal mean lake heat flux were 14 W·m−2 and 4 W·m−2 in Lake Wuliangsuhai and Lake Orajärvi, respectively.Peer reviewe
Far-Field Tunable Nano-focusing Based on Metallic Slits Surrounded with Nonlinear-Variant Widths and Linear-Variant Depths of Circular Dielectric Grating
In this work, we design a new tunable nanofocusing lens by the linear-variant
depths and nonlinear-variant widths of circular grating for far field practical
applications. The constructively interference of cylindrical surface plasmon
launched by the subwavelength metallic structure can form a
subdiffraction-limited focus, and the focal length of the this structures can
be adjusted if the each groove depth and width of circular grating are arranged
in traced profile. According to the numerical calculation, the range of
focusing points shift is much more than other plasmonic lens, and the relative
phase of emitting light scattered by surface plasmon coupling circular grating
can be modulated by the nonlinear-variant width and linear-variant depth. The
simulation result indicates that the different relative phase of emitting light
lead to variant focal length. We firstly show a unique phenomenon for the
linear-variant depths and nonlinear-variant widths of circular grating that the
positive change and negative change of the depths and widths of grooves can
result in different of variation trend between relative phases and focal
lengths. These results paved the road for utilizing the plasmonic lens in
high-density optical storage, nanolithography, superresolution optical
microscopic imaging, optical trapping, and sensing.Comment: 14pages,9figure
MRI VS. FDG-PET for diagnosis of response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer
AimIn this study, we aimed to compare the diagnostic values of MRI and FDG-PET for the prediction of the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACT) of patients with locally advanced Rectal cancer (RC).MethodsElectronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library, were systematically searched through December 2021 for studies that investigated the diagnostic value of MRI and FDG-PET in the prediction of the response of patients with locally advanced RC to NACT. The quality of the included studies was assessed using QUADAS. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR and NLR), and the area under the ROC (AUC) of MRI and FDG-PET were calculated using a bivariate generalized linear mixed model, random-effects model, and hierarchical regression.ResultsA total number of 74 studies with recruited 4,105 locally advanced RC patients were included in this analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and AUC for MRI were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.77–0.88), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79–0.89), 5.50 (95% CI: 4.11-7.35), 0.20 (95% CI: 0.14–0.27), and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88–0.93), respectively. The summary sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR and AUC for FDG-PET were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.77-0.85), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70–0.80), 3.29 (95% CI: 2.64–4.10), 0.25 (95% CI: 0.20–0.31), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.82–0.88), respectively. Moreover, there were no significant differences between MRI and FDG-PET in sensitivity (P = 0.565), and NLR (P = 0.268), while the specificity (P = 0.006), PLR (P = 0.006), and AUC (P = 0.003) of MRI was higher than FDG-PET.ConclusionsMRI might superior than FGD-PET for the prediction of the response of patients with locally advanced RC to NACT
The role of lake heat flux in the growth and melting of ice
For shallow lakes, ice mass balance is largely dominated by thermodynamic processes. The heat flux from lake water plays a critical role for ice growth and melting. In this study, we applied a numerical thermodynamic lake model to investigate the sensitivity of the lake ice mass balance to the lake heat flux during the growth and melting periods. Several groups of modelling experiments forced by simplified climatological weather data have been carried out. Two sites, Lake Wuliangsuhai in Inner Mongolia, China’s arid region and Lake Orajärvi in snowy Finnish Lapland, were investigated. Lake heat flux affects inversely proportional maximum ice thickness followed by ice break-up date. The solar radiation and surface albedo complicate the effect of lake heat flux on lake ice mass balance during melting season. With heavy snowfall, the increase of lake heat flux adds on the formation of granular ice but reduces the formation of columnar ice. Under climatological weather conditions, the ice cover winter seasonal mean lake heat flux were 14 W·m−2 and 4 W·m−2 in Lake Wuliangsuhai and Lake Orajärvi, respectively
- …