311 research outputs found
Time-Varying Systematic Illiquidity and Mispricing in Reits
Master'sMASTER OF SCIENCE (ESTATE MANAGEMENT
Trajectory-Aware Body Interaction Transformer for Multi-Person Pose Forecasting
Multi-person pose forecasting remains a challenging problem, especially in
modeling fine-grained human body interaction in complex crowd scenarios.
Existing methods typically represent the whole pose sequence as a temporal
series, yet overlook interactive influences among people based on skeletal body
parts. In this paper, we propose a novel Trajectory-Aware Body Interaction
Transformer (TBIFormer) for multi-person pose forecasting via effectively
modeling body part interactions. Specifically, we construct a Temporal Body
Partition Module that transforms all the pose sequences into a Multi-Person
Body-Part sequence to retain spatial and temporal information based on body
semantics. Then, we devise a Social Body Interaction Self-Attention (SBI-MSA)
module, utilizing the transformed sequence to learn body part dynamics for
inter- and intra-individual interactions. Furthermore, different from prior
Euclidean distance-based spatial encodings, we present a novel and efficient
Trajectory-Aware Relative Position Encoding for SBI-MSA to offer discriminative
spatial information and additional interactive clues. On both short- and
long-term horizons, we empirically evaluate our framework on CMU-Mocap,
MuPoTS-3D as well as synthesized datasets (6 ~ 10 persons), and demonstrate
that our method greatly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Code will be
made publicly available upon acceptance.Comment: Accepted by CVPR2023, 8 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: text
overlap with arXiv:2208.0922
IOB: Integrating Optimization Transfer and Behavior Transfer for Multi-Policy Reuse
Humans have the ability to reuse previously learned policies to solve new
tasks quickly, and reinforcement learning (RL) agents can do the same by
transferring knowledge from source policies to a related target task. Transfer
RL methods can reshape the policy optimization objective (optimization
transfer) or influence the behavior policy (behavior transfer) using source
policies. However, selecting the appropriate source policy with limited samples
to guide target policy learning has been a challenge. Previous methods
introduce additional components, such as hierarchical policies or estimations
of source policies' value functions, which can lead to non-stationary policy
optimization or heavy sampling costs, diminishing transfer effectiveness. To
address this challenge, we propose a novel transfer RL method that selects the
source policy without training extra components. Our method utilizes the Q
function in the actor-critic framework to guide policy selection, choosing the
source policy with the largest one-step improvement over the current target
policy. We integrate optimization transfer and behavior transfer (IOB) by
regularizing the learned policy to mimic the guidance policy and combining them
as the behavior policy. This integration significantly enhances transfer
effectiveness, surpasses state-of-the-art transfer RL baselines in benchmark
tasks, and improves final performance and knowledge transferability in
continual learning scenarios. Additionally, we show that our optimization
transfer technique is guaranteed to improve target policy learning.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figure
Suppression of Dephasing by Qubit Motion in Superconducting Circuits
This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grants No. 2014CB921200 and No. 2012CB927404), U.S. NSF Grants No. PHY-1314758 and No. PHY-1314861, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants
No. 11434008 and No. 11222437), and the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. LR12A04001).We suggest and demonstrate a protocol which suppresses the low-frequency dephasing by qubit motion, i.e., transfer of the logical qubit of information in a system of n≥2 physical qubits. The protocol requires only the nearest-neighbor coupling and is applicable to different qubit structures. Our analysis of its effectiveness against noises with arbitrary correlations, together with experiments using up to three superconducting qubits, shows that for the realistic uncorrelated noises, qubit motion increases the dephasing time of the logical qubit as =√n. In general, the protocol provides a diagnostic tool for measurements of the noise correlations
Exploring personalised autonomous vehicles to influence user trust
Trust is a major determinant of acceptance of an autonomous vehicle (AV), and a lack of appropriate trust could prevent drivers and society in general from taking advantage of such technology. This paper makes a new attempt to explore the effects of personalised AVs as a novel approach to the cognitive underpinnings of drivers’ trust in AVs. The personalised AV system is able to identify the driving behaviours of users and thus adapt the driving style of the AV accordingly. A prototype of a personalised AV was designed and evaluated in a lab-based experimental study of 36 human drivers, which investigated the impact of the personalised AV on user trust when compared with manual human driving and non-personalised AVs. The findings show that a personalised AV appears to be significantly more reliable through accepting and understanding each driver’s behaviour, which could thereby increase a user’s willingness to trust the system. Furthermore, a personalised AV brings a sense of familiarity by making the system more recognisable and easier for users to estimate the quality of the automated system. Personalisation parameters were also explored and discussed to support the design of AV systems to be more socially acceptable and trustworthy
Quantum Phase Diffusion in a Small Underdamped Josephson Junction
Quantum phase diffusion in a small underdamped Nb/AlO/Nb junction (
0.4 m) is demonstrated in a wide temperature range of 25-140 mK where
macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) is the dominant escape mechanism. We
propose a two-step transition model to describe the switching process in which
the escape rate out of the potential well and the transition rate from phase
diffusion to the running state are considered. The transition rate extracted
from the experimental switching current distribution follows the predicted
Arrhenius law in the thermal regime but is greatly enhanced when MQT becomes
dominant.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
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