31 research outputs found
The Eatonâs Santa Claus Parade and the Making of a Metropolitan Spectacle, 1905â1982
The Eatonâs Santa Claus parade in Toronto emerged as form of âcommercial spectacle,â forged in the decades after the First World War, that blended older and newer forms of popular culture with the changing dynamics of family, audience, community, and commerce. Although it was a local event, its creators were part of a network of parade-makers in the big cities of North America, who shared ideas and drew upon the same cultural forms. With the advent of television, the Santa Claus parade reached a wider audience across the country. In between the paradeâs local performance and its Canadian audience lies the creation of a metropolitan spectacle, a local event that not only synthesized international ideas and fit into larger networks of cultural producers, but also had broader reach, projecting power and influence outward to a vast economic and cultural space.
La parade du pĂšre NoĂ«l dâEaton sâest transformĂ©e en « spectacle commercial », forgĂ© au fil des dĂ©cennies qui ont suivi la PremiĂšre Guerre mondiale, alliant des formes plus anciennes et plus modernes de culture populaire Ă la dynamique changeante de la famille, du public, de la collectivitĂ© et du commerce. MĂȘme sâil sâagissait dâun Ă©vĂ©nement local, ses crĂ©ateurs faisaient partie dâun rĂ©seau dâorganisateurs de parades, sâĂ©tendant aux grandes villes dâAmĂ©rique du Nord, nourrissant les mĂȘmes idĂ©es et sâinspirant des mĂȘmes formes culturelles. LâavĂšnement de la tĂ©lĂ©vision a permis Ă la parade du pĂšre NoĂ«l dâatteindre un auditoire plus vaste Ă lâĂ©chelle du pays. Entre sa production locale et son auditoire canadien repose le berceau dâun spectacle mĂ©tropolitain, dâun Ă©vĂ©nement local qui, en plus dâĂȘtre le creuset dâidĂ©es venues dâailleurs et de se rallier Ă de plus vastes rĂ©seaux de producteurs culturels, jouissait dâun plus grand rayonnement, brillant de sa puissance et de son influence sur un vaste espace Ă©conomique et culturel
The Craftsmen's Spectacle: Labour Day Parades in Canada, the Early Years
Labour Day became a statutory holiday in Canada in 1894, but labour days and
craftsmenâs parades had been summer events in several Canadian cities and towns
for a number of years. Its creation as an official holiday responded to two demands:
one for public recognition of organized labour and its important role, and
another for release from the pressures of work in capitalist industry. It was up to
unions, however, to produce the parades and shape the dayâs events, and this task
could prove to be too much for local workersâ movements with limited resources.
The tension between celebration and leisure eventually undermined the original
grand ideals, as wage-earners and their families began to spend Labour Day
pursuing private pleasures rather than participating in a display of cultural
solidarity.Lorsque la fĂȘte du Travail devint un jour fĂ©riĂ© au Canada en 1894, il y avait dĂ©jĂ
plusieurs annĂ©es que plusieurs villes et villages du Canada tenaient,lâĂ©tĂ©, des fĂȘtes
du travail et des parades dâartisans. La crĂ©ation dâune fĂȘte du Travail officielle
répondait à deux demandes : la reconnaissance publique du syndicalisme et de son
rĂŽle important et lâallĂ©gement des pressions du travail en rĂ©gime capitaliste. Il
appartenait cependant aux syndicats dâorganiser les parades et les activitĂ©s de la
journée, une tùche parfois trop lourde pour des syndicats locaux aux ressources
limitées. La tension entre le goût de célébrer et celui de se divertir en vint à miner
les grands idĂ©aux de dĂ©part de la fĂȘte du Travail, les salariĂ©s et leurs familles
commençant Ă consacrer ce congĂ© Ă des activitĂ©s de loisir privĂ©es plutĂŽt quâĂ une
manifestation de solidarité
Quality of life, cognitive, physical and emotional function at diagnosis predicts head and neck cancer survival: analysis of cases from the Head and Neck 5000 study.
Factors associated with early postoperative feeding:An observational study in a colorectal surgery population
Tobacco and alcohol cessation or reduction interventions in people with oral dysplasia and head and neck cancer:systematic review protocol
Abstract Background Head and neck cancers include malignancies of the mouth, larynx and oropharynx. Tobacco use and alcohol consumption are associated with increased risks of developing and dying from head and neck cancer. The aim of this review is to examine the effectiveness of smoking and alcohol cessation interventions on disease-related outcomes, quality of life and behavioural change in adults with head and neck cancer and oral dysplasia. Methods The Cochrane library, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases will be searched for randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of smoking or alcohol interventions on patients with either head and neck cancer or oral dysplasia. The primary outcomes are disease-free survival and, for participants with oral dysplasia, malignant transformation to cancer. Secondary outcomes are disease recurrence and progression, quality of life and behavioural change. The quality of included studies will be assessed using the âCochrane Collaborations tool for assessing risk of biasâ. A qualitative synthesis of the results will be reported, and a meta-analysis of the outcome data conducted, where appropriate. Discussion This systematic review will identify the extent of the current research on smoking and alcohol cessation interventions in patients with head and neck cancer and oral epithelial dysplasia. The findings have the potential to inform which interventions have been successful and how future behavioural change interventions should be conducted within these populations. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD4201603823