Radiofrequency conical emission from femtosecond filaments in air

International audienceWe show that the broadband conical emission associated with filaments in air extends down to the radiofrequency region. This rf emission which originates from the longitudinal oscillation of charged ions formed during filamentation is strongly enhanced by the presence of a longitudinal static electric field

Traitement et analyse des débats parlementaires à la Chambre des députés (1881-1899): Problèmes, défis et solutions

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Quand la presse britannique examine la gentrification (1988-2021) : une évolution des discours et des représentations

Souvent décrit comme le terme « le plus chargé politiquement » de la géographie urbaine (Davidson et Lees, 2009), la gentrification est depuis longtemps abordée dans la presse écrite britannique à travers des discours plus ou moins conciliants. Cet article scientifique examine l’évolution des discours portés sur la gentrification dans la presse écrite britannique entre 1988 et 2021. Il est ainsi question d’interroger l’occurrence du terme et la multiplication des discours à travers trois décennies, puis d’analyser leur portée plus ou moins critique. Pour ce travail, un corpus de 1934 articles de presse écrite tirés de quatorze journaux a été analysé quantitativement puis qualitativement : par des méthodes informatiques (lexicométrie, topic models), puis par un travail manuel pour une contextualisation des résultats obtenus. Il apparaît ainsi que les discours portés sur la gentrification sont plutôt conciliants avant 2010, puis tombent sous les coups d’une véhémence caractérisée après cette date, en lien avec l’apparition de nouvelles thématiques liées aux changements économiques mondiaux.Often described as the « most politically charged » term in urban geography (Davidson and Lees, 2009), gentrification has been discussed in British newspapers through more or less conciliatory discourses over time. This scientific paper investigates the evolution of discourses on gentrification in British newspapers between 1988 and 2021. It questions the occurrence of the term and multiplication of discourses over three decades, then analyze their more or less critical view. In order to do so, a corpus of 1934 articles taken from fourteen newspapers was analyzed quantitatively then qualitatively: through computer methods (lexicometry, topic models), then by manual work for a contextualization of the tresults. It appears that discourses on gentrification were rather conciliatory before 2010, then were much criticized after this date, related to the emergence of new goals linked to global economic changes

From parliamentary history to digital and computational history: a NLP-friendly TEI model for historical parliamentary proceedings

International audienceThis paper introduces a new method for the digital and computational analysis of historical parliamentary proceedings. The paper presents an XML-TEI model specifically designed for encoding historical parliamentary documents; this model is exemplified through the analysis of parliamentary debates from the French Chamber of Deputies (1889-1893). The first part of the paper discusses the motivations behind the model's development. The second part outlines the methodological choices in constructing the model and the need for schema adaptation. We subsequently detail our method for automatic encoding of such large corpora. Finally, we propose an approach to annotate parliamentary debates using natural language processing analyses, focusing on topic modelling

From parliamentary history to digital and computational history : a NLP-friendly TEI model for historical and contemporary parliamentary proceedings

This paper introduces a new method for the digital and computational analysis of historical and contemporary parliamentary proceedings. It addresses the dichotomy in the utilization of these resources between historians and other disciplines, and emphasizes the significance of continuity in studying long-term phenomena. The paper presents an XML-TEI model specifically designed for encoding parliamentary documents from diverse temporal and regional contexts. This model is exemplified through the analysis of parliamentary debates from the French Chamber of Deputies (1889-1893). The first part of the paper discusses the motivations behind the model's development. The second part outlines the methodological choices in constructing the model and the need for schema adaptation. We subsequently detail our method for automatic encoding of such extensive corpora. Finally, we propose an approach to annotate parliamentary debates using natural language processing analyses, focusing on topic modeling. This study aims to enhance computational research in humanities, especially historical and political studies, by providing an efficient tool to harness the potential of the massive digitized parliamentary data

From parliamentary history to digital and computational history : a NLP-friendly TEI model for historical and contemporary parliamentary proceedings

This paper introduces a new method for the digital and computational analysis of historical and contemporary parliamentary proceedings. It addresses the dichotomy in the utilization of these resources between historians and other disciplines, and emphasizes the significance of continuity in studying long-term phenomena. The paper presents an XML-TEI model specifically designed for encoding parliamentary documents from diverse temporal and regional contexts. This model is exemplified through the analysis of parliamentary debates from the French Chamber of Deputies (1889-1893). The first part of the paper discusses the motivations behind the model's development. The second part outlines the methodological choices in constructing the model and the need for schema adaptation. We subsequently detail our method for automatic encoding of such extensive corpora. Finally, we propose an approach to annotate parliamentary debates using natural language processing analyses, focusing on topic modeling. This study aims to enhance computational research in humanities, especially historical and political studies, by providing an efficient tool to harness the potential of the massive digitized parliamentary data

From parliamentary history to digital and computational history : a NLP-friendly TEI model for historical and contemporary parliamentary proceedings

This paper introduces a new method for the digital and computational analysis of historical and contemporary parliamentary proceedings. It addresses the dichotomy in the utilization of these resources between historians and other disciplines, and emphasizes the significance of continuity in studying long-term phenomena. The paper presents an XML-TEI model specifically designed for encoding parliamentary documents from diverse temporal and regional contexts. This model is exemplified through the analysis of parliamentary debates from the French Chamber of Deputies (1889-1893). The first part of the paper discusses the motivations behind the model's development. The second part outlines the methodological choices in constructing the model and the need for schema adaptation. We subsequently detail our method for automatic encoding of such extensive corpora. Finally, we propose an approach to annotate parliamentary debates using natural language processing analyses, focusing on topic modeling. This study aims to enhance computational research in humanities, especially historical and political studies, by providing an efficient tool to harness the potential of the massive digitized parliamentary data

Décharge électrique à fort courant induite dans l'air par filamentation laser

International audienceAlors que les trains à grande vitesse connaissent un formidable essor, le captage électrique par le biais d'un pantographe frottant contre une caténaire reste un des talons d'Achille de leur fonctionnement à haute vitesse. Nous avons testé une idée novatrice qui pourrait à terme apporter une solution à ce problème. Il s'agit de capter le courant sans contact mécanique. La liaison caténaire-pantographe se ferait par l'intermédiaire d'un plasma conducteur créé par un laser émettant des impulsions laser ultrabrèves et intenses. Une première série d'expériences effectuées au centre d'essai de la SNCF à Vitry conduit à des résultats prometteurs

Le projet AGODA. Annoter et publier les débats parlementaires français de la fin du XIXe siècle : défis et solutions

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