在线或离线葡萄酒购买：决定法国消费者购买意向的一些因素

This paper aims at determining the reasons why customers prefer to buy wine online or offline, the first comprising both mobile-commerce (m-commerce) and e-commerce platforms. In particular, this research strives to understand effects of social influence and enjoyment on the intention to purchase wine from online and offline touchpoints. Moreover, the goal is to find out about the differences in the behaviour of French wine buyers and explain the choice of channel buyers prefer to use when they purchase wine.To answer our research questions, data was collected through an online questionnaire. A theoretical model is suggested and tested by the use of SmartPLS3. Online and offline buyers are compared using multi-group analysis (MGA) technique. Wine buyers are compared by the use of one-way ANOVA through SPSS 19.To date no paper has examined the differences between shopping behaviour in a retail store or on e-commerce or m-commerce platforms considering perceived enjoyment and social influence constructs. Hence, this contribution brings to the fore preliminary results on wine shopping behaviour and reveals what drives consumers to make a decision in favour of buying wine online or offline.The results show that fun and social influence affect intention to buy wine from offline touchpoints. Enjoyment also strongly and significantly affects the intention to buy wine from online touchpoints.В статье определяются причины, по которым потребители предпочитают покупать вино онлайн или офлайн, причем первый вариант включает в себя как мобильные платформы (m-commerce), так и платформы электронной коммерции. Цель исследования, в частности, состоит в том, чтобы определить социальное влияние на намерение купить вино в онлайн- или офлайн-формате, а также узнать о различиях в поведении французских покупателей вина и объяснить, почему они выбирают тот или иной канал покупки.Для ответа на вопросы исследования с помощью онлайн-анкеты были собраны данные. Предложена и протестирована теоретическая модель с использованием SmartPLS3. Онлайн- и офлайн-покупатели сравниваются с помощью метода многогруппового анализа (MGA), а также посредством однофакторного дисперсионного анализа с помощью SPSS 19.До сих пор не проводилось исследований относительно различий между покупательским поведением в розничном магазине и на платформах электронной или мобильной коммерции с учетом получаемого удовольствия и конструктов социального влияния. Настоящее исследование выводит на передний план предварительные результаты о покупательском поведении на рынке вина и показывает, что побуждает потребителей принимать решение в пользу покупки онлайн или офлайн. Результаты показали, что получение удовольствия и социальные факторы влияют на намерение купить вино офлайн; удовольствие так же сильно и существенно влияет на намерение купить вино через интернет.本文章指出了消费者喜欢在线或离线购买葡萄酒的原因，后者包括移动平台（移动商务）和电子商务平台。特别是，该研究旨在了解社会对在线或离线购买葡萄酒意向的影响。此外，该研究的目标是了解法国葡萄酒购买者行为的差异，并解释消费者喜欢用什么办法来购买葡萄酒的选择。为了回答研究问题，作者通过在线调查问卷已收集数据。提出并测试了一个使用SmartPLS3的理论模型。使用多群体分析（MGA）对网上和网下购物者进行了比较。通过使用SPSS 19进行单因素方差分析比较了葡萄酒消费者。到目前为止，还没有文章调查了考虑到享受和社会影响因素在零售店或在电子商务或移动商务平台上的购物行为之间的差异。因此，该研究强调了关于葡萄酒购买者行为的初步结果，并准确地显示了促使消费者决定在线或离线购买葡萄酒的原因。结果显示，享受和社会因素影响了线下购买葡萄酒的意向。享受对网上购买葡萄酒的意向也有很大影响

BUYING WINE ONLINE OR OFFLINE: SOME DETERMINANTS OF BUYER INTENT FOR FRENCH CONSUMERS

This paper aims at determining the reasons why customers prefer to buy wine online or offline, the first comprising both mobile-commerce (m-commerce) and e-commerce platforms. In particular, this research strives to understand effects of social influence and enjoyment on the intention to purchase wine from online and offline touchpoints. Moreover, the goal is to find out about the differences in the behaviour of French wine buyers and explain the choice of channel buyers prefer to use when they purchase wine.To answer our research questions, data was collected through an online questionnaire. A theoretical model is suggested and tested by the use of SmartPLS3. Online and offline buyers are compared using multi-group analysis (MGA) technique. Wine buyers are compared by the use of one-way ANOVA through SPSS 19.To date no paper has examined the differences between shopping behaviour in a retail store or on e-commerce or m-commerce platforms considering perceived enjoyment and social influence constructs. Hence, this contribution brings to the fore preliminary results on wine shopping behaviour and reveals what drives consumers to make a decision in favour of buying wine online or offline.The results show that fun and social influence affect intention to buy wine from offline touchpoints. Enjoyment also strongly and significantly affects the intention to buy wine from online touchpoints

The Impact of Superior Labral Anterior to Posterior Lesions on Functional Status in Shoulder Instability: A Multicenter Cohort Study

BACKGROUND: Type IV superior labral anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesions, which are superior labral detachments associated with Bankart tears, are reported to occur in up to 25% of recurrent shoulder instability patients. However, the clinical implications of this finding are debatable. PURPOSE: To determine whether there are any functional differences between anterior instability patients with and without type IV SLAP lesions at the time of presentation and at short-term follow-up after surgical intervention. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: A prospective, multicenter database was established to follow the clinical evolution of patients with shoulder instability. Patients were diagnosed as having a type IV SLAP lesion at the time of arthroscopic Bankart surgery (SLAP+). These patients were compared with a group of patients who simply had a Bankart lesion (SLAP-). The 2 groups had their functional outcomes (Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index [WOSI]; Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand [QuickDASH]; and Walch-Duplay) compared prior to surgery and 1 year postoperatively. RESULTS: A total of 103 subjects were included in the study; of these, 56 (43 men, 13 women) completed 1-year follow-up. Twenty-three subjects had a type IV SLAP tear, and most had this repaired along with their Bankart lesion. At baseline, SLAP+ subjects had inferior QuickDASH scores compared with SLAP- subjects (37.8 vs 29.0) as well as poorer pain subscores on both the WOSI and QuickDASH. At 1-year follow-up, however, there were no significant differences in any of the outcome measures. CONCLUSION: A type IV SLAP lesion can be expected in 22% of patients with recurrent shoulder instability. This finding implies that at baseline, the patient will have slightly worse functional scores related to pain. However, following surgical management of the labral pathology, these patients will have equivalent functional outcomes at short-term follow-up. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: With surgical management of the superior and anteroinferior labrum, patients with type IV SLAP lesions will do as well as those with only Bankart tears. Thus, the presence of SLAP lesions should not alter the decision to provide surgical management and should not change the prognosis for a specific patient

Lipid-Modified Aminoglycoside Derivatives for In Vivo siRNA Delivery

Rationally designed siRNA delivery materials that are enabled by lipid-modified aminoglycosides are demonstrated. Leading materials identified are able to self-assemble with siRNA into well-defined nanoparticles and induce efficient gene knockdown both in vitro and in vivo. Histology studies and liver function tests reveal that no apparent toxicity is caused by these nanoparticles at doses over two orders of magnitude.Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation (DFS-#2050-10)Alnylam Pharmaceuticals (Firm)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (grant EB000244)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (grant 1-RO1-CA132091-03

Winery website loyalty: the role of sales promotion and service attributes

Purpose: toward buying wine on mobile phones and m-commerce website loyalty by examining a) the mediating role of sales promotion and b) the moderating role of service attributes of the m-commerce websites in influencing the mediation. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 3,318 completed surveys were collected. Drawing on a large non-probability criterion based purposive sample across six countries (France, Germany, Greece, South Africa, United States and Canada) mediation analysis was performed to examine hypothesized relationships. Findings: Results show that sales promotion mediates the relationship between feelings towards buying wine on mobile phones and m-commerce website loyalty. Moderated mediation reveals that the indirect pathways (sales promotion) through which feelings towards buying wine over mobile exert its effect on m-commerce website loyalty is dependent on the value of service (wine delivery) attributes of the website. The results demonstrate that sales promotion and service are of paramount importance to wineries and wine marketers. Research implications/limitations: Wine producers and retailers should consider the use of sales promotion to enhance sales and loyalty to m-commerce websites. Practical implications: Wine producers and retailers should consider use sales promotion (such as SMS or push notifications) to enhance sales and influence consumer feelings and hence their loyalty. Originality/value: Wine m-commerce studies are limited, especially with an international perspective comparing 6 different countries: 3 from the old world (such as France, Germany and Greece) and 3 from the New World (North America with USA and Canada; and South Africa). Altogether those 6 countries represent around 40% of the world consumption

Possibilités et limites de la sélection visuelle dans la lutte contre les viroses de la vigne: une expérience avec quelques cépages rouges en Suisse romande

Un travail de sélection portant sur 8 cépages rouges, entrepris en 1954 à la Station Fédérale d'Essars Agricoles de Lausanne (Suisse) et basé sur le seul examen visuel des symptômes a donné des résultats très satisfaisants. Les auteurs soulignent l'intérêt que cette méthode simple et peu coûteuse de sélection présente encore, malgré l'existence de techniques plus raffinées, telles que l'indexage, la sérologie 2t la thermothérapie. Ils décrivent les conditions dans lesquelles elle est susceptible de donner les meilleuns résultats et montrent ses limites: bien qu'elle ne suffise en général pas pour éliminer tous les virus, elle permet d'obtenir à peu de frais une amélioration très sensible du rendement des cépages sélectionnés

Don't believe the hype: a grounded exploratory six country wine purchasing study

The purpose of this exploratory study was to understand the extent that consumers report purchasing wine on mobile devices and to empirically examine potential drivers of m-wine purchasing across six countries to guide theoretical research enquiry moving forward. Purposive sampling was employed. An online survey involving 2853 respondents from France, Germany, Greece, Canada, US and South Africa forms the basis for the current study. The results of the study indicate that though mobile phone usage, wine consumption and purchasing rates are high, mobile-wine purchasing prevalence is low within all six countries. While technology hype has us believe an online presence is essential for business revenue growth and performance; the current study indicates wineries should carefully consider consumer readiness towards mobile-wine purchasing. Limitations and recommendations for future research are identified

Asynchronous Sampling Rate Conversions in Digital Communications Systems

The problem of resampling digital signals at an output sampling rate that is incommensurate with the input sampling rate is the topic of this paper. This problem is often encountered in practice, as for example in the multiplexing of video signals from different sources for the purpose of distribution. There are basically two approaches to resample the signals. Both approaches are thoroughly described and practical circuits for hardware implementation are provided. A comparison of the two circuits presented in the paper shows that one circuit requires a division to compute the new sampling times. This time scaling operation adds complexity to the implementation with no performance advantage over the other circuit, and makes the “division free” circuit the preferred one for resampling

Difficulties associated with outpatient management of drug abusers by general practitioners. A cross-sectional survey of general practitioners with and without methadone patients in Switzerland

BACKGROUND: In Switzerland, general practitioners (GPs) manage most of the patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). METHODS: Using a cross-sectional postal survey of GPs who treat MMT patients and GPs who do not, we studied the difficulties encountered in the out-patient management of drug-addicted patients. We sent a questionnaire to every GP with MMT patients (556) in the French-speaking part of Switzerland (1,757,000 inhabitants). We sent another shorter questionnaire to primary care physicians without MMT patients living in the Swiss Canton of Vaud. RESULTS: The response rate was 63.3%. The highest methadone dose given by GPs to MMT patients averaged 120.4 mg/day. When asked about help they would like to be given, GPs with MMT patients primarily mentioned the importance of receiving adequate fees for the care they provide. Secondly, they mentioned the importance of better training, better knowledge of psychiatric pathologies, and discussion groups on practical cases. GPs without MMT patients refuse to treat these patients mostly for emotional and relational reasons. CONCLUSION: GPs encounter financial, relational and emotional difficulties with MMT patients. They desire better fees for services and better training

Piamonte. Fortificaciones. 1841 (1704-1707). Varias escalas

1.. Prise de Suse en Juin 1704 et en Octobre 1707(Escala 1:10.000 ; 2). Occupation de Pignerol en Aout 1704(Escala 1:18.000 ; 3). Prise d'Ivrée en Septembre 1704(Escala 1:5.000 ; 4). Prise de Chivasso en Juillet 1705(Escala 1:13.000)Relieve por sombreado y líneas perpendiculares normalesFortaleza de tipo polígono pentagonalFecha de publicación tomada de la obra en la que se encuentra el mapaRed hidrográfica y de caminos. Arbolad